Objective: To establish a prediction model for high-risk cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents aged 35 to 75 years, so as to provide the basis for improving CVD prevention and control measures. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected from Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality using the stratified random sampling method from 2018 to 2023. Demographic information, lifestyle, waist circumference and blood biochemical indicators were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model, and a prediction model for high-risk CVD was established. The predictive effect was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 6 968 individuals were surveyed, including 2 821 males (40.49%) and 4 147 females (59.51%), and had a mean age of (59.92±9.33) years. There were 1 155 high-risk CVD population, with a detection rate of 16.58%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, smoking, central obesity, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were influencing factors for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years (all P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the established prediction model was 0.849 (95%CI: 0.834-0.863), with a sensitivity of 0.693 and a specificity of 0.863, indicating good discrimination. Conclusion The model constructed by eight factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle and blood biochemical indicators has good predictive value for high-risk CVD among residents aged 35 to 75 years.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Naoxintong capsules on ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury in rats based on the changes of pericytes mediated by Ras homolog family member A （RHOA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 （ROCK1） pathway. MethodsNinety rats （15 rats for each group） were randomly divided into a sham operation group， a model group， a positive control group receiving Ginkgo biloba extract （21.6 mg·kg^-1）， and groups receiving Naoxintong capsules at low， medium， and high doses of 55， 110， and 220 mg·kg^-1 （NXT-L， NXT-M， and NXT-H groups）， respectively. Except for those in the sham operation group， all rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） to establish the experiment model. Nerve function was assessed using a neurological function score. Cerebral blood flow was detected using a laser speckle contrast imager， and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated using 2，3，5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining， while pericyte morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy. Blood-brain barrier destruction was observed by Evans blue staining. Albumin and ischemia-modified albumin levels were measured using assay kits. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， platelet-derived growth factor receptor β （PDGFRB）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， tight junction protein （ZO-1）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group exhibited decreased neurological function scores， higher percentage reduction in blood flow， and increased cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）. Additionally， cortical neuronal nucleus shrinkage， edema， a decreased number of Nissl bodies， reduced pericyte area， elevated albumin content in the cortex （P<0.05）， and increased ischemic modified albumin levels （P<0.01） were observed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were increased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were decreased. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed improved neurological function scores， lower percentage reduction in blood flow， reduced cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）， alleviated cortical histological changes， increased number of Nissl bodies， expanded pericyte area， decreased albumin content in the cortex， and reduced ischemia-modified albumin levels （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were decreased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were increased. Among the treatment groups， the NXT-M group showed the most pronounced improvement in cerebral I/R injury. ConclusionNaoxintong capsules can restore cerebral blood supply， reduce microcirculation disturbance， and protect blood-brain barrier in rats with I/R injury. Its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the RHOA/ROCK1 signaling pathway and reduced pericyte contraction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Naoxintong capsules on ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury in rats based on the changes of pericytes mediated by Ras homolog family member A （RHOA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 （ROCK1） pathway. MethodsNinety rats （15 rats for each group） were randomly divided into a sham operation group， a model group， a positive control group receiving Ginkgo biloba extract （21.6 mg·kg^-1）， and groups receiving Naoxintong capsules at low， medium， and high doses of 55， 110， and 220 mg·kg^-1 （NXT-L， NXT-M， and NXT-H groups）， respectively. Except for those in the sham operation group， all rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion （tMCAO） to establish the experiment model. Nerve function was assessed using a neurological function score. Cerebral blood flow was detected using a laser speckle contrast imager， and the cerebral infarction rate was calculated using 2，3，5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining， while pericyte morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy. Blood-brain barrier destruction was observed by Evans blue staining. Albumin and ischemia-modified albumin levels were measured using assay kits. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， platelet-derived growth factor receptor β （PDGFRB）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， tight junction protein （ZO-1）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group exhibited decreased neurological function scores， higher percentage reduction in blood flow， and increased cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）. Additionally， cortical neuronal nucleus shrinkage， edema， a decreased number of Nissl bodies， reduced pericyte area， elevated albumin content in the cortex （P<0.05）， and increased ischemic modified albumin levels （P<0.01） were observed. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were increased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were decreased. Compared with the model group， all treatment groups showed improved neurological function scores， lower percentage reduction in blood flow， reduced cerebral infarction rates （P<0.01）， alleviated cortical histological changes， increased number of Nissl bodies， expanded pericyte area， decreased albumin content in the cortex， and reduced ischemia-modified albumin levels （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RHOA， ROCK1， PDGFRB， α-SMA， MMP-2， and MMP-9 were decreased （P<0.01）， while those of ZO-1 were increased. Among the treatment groups， the NXT-M group showed the most pronounced improvement in cerebral I/R injury. ConclusionNaoxintong capsules can restore cerebral blood supply， reduce microcirculation disturbance， and protect blood-brain barrier in rats with I/R injury. Its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of the RHOA/ROCK1 signaling pathway and reduced pericyte contraction.

Objective To analyze the rules and characteristics of cross-allergy cases related to drug-related medical disputes,and to provide reference for the formulation of cross-allergy prescription review strategy.Methods The judgments of cross-allergy related medical damage liability disputes recorded in the legal document database of Beijing Yingke Law Firm and the Chinese Judgment Document Network database from August 2010 to June 2023 were analyzed,the causes of relevant disputes were summarized and analyzed,and more comprehensive response measures were formulated.Results A total of 65 judgments were retrieved,and seven judgments were included.The main drugs causing cross allergy were antibiotics(penicillins,cephalosporins and sulfonamides).Seven cases of medical disputes,all of which were ruled by the court that the medical party had medical errors due to cross-allergies,and had to bear 30％to 80％of the compensation liability.The main reasons for the punishment were that the doctor did not pay enough attention to the patient's past history of allergy and chose unreasonable drugs.Conclusion Medical institutions can reduce the risk of cross-allergy by means of information technology,and play the role of pharmacists in prescription review and pharmaceutical care.Physicians should pay attention to the patient's past history,earnly inquire,strengthen medication education and monitoring,reduce the threat of adverse reactions to the patient's life safety and related drug disputes,and protect the legitimate rights and interests of both doctors and patients.

Diabetic ulcer （DU） wound is one of the chronic and serious complications of diabetes characterized by prolonged wound healing， and it is more common in foot and lower extremity ulcers. DU has brought great economic and psychological pressure to patients and seriously affected the quality of life of patients because of its great difficulty in treatment， long treatment process， and high morbidity and mortality. Therefore， how to help the rapid healing of DU wounds， reduce the disability rate and mortality rate， protect limb function， and improve the quality of life is an important topic and hot spot in the field of medical research. The pathogenesis of DU is complex， mainly including microcirculation disorder， peripheral neuropathy， inflammation and infection， and excessive apoptosis of cells， involving physiological processes such as wound inflammation， granulation tissue hyperplasia and re-epithelialization. A large number of previous studies have found that Chinese medicine can regulate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， Wnt/β-catenin， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， Notch， nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）/Smad， and other signaling pathways， regulate abnormal glucose metabolism， improve microcirculation， inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress， regulate cell proliferation and excessive apoptosis， and promote wound tissue growth to promote the rapid healing of DU wounds under the guidance of treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome differentiation and internal and external treatment. Therefore， this paper reviewed Chinese medicinal monomers or Chinese medicinal compounds in recent years in regulating the above signaling pathways and the expression of key protein molecules and promoting the rapid healing of DU wounds， aiming to provide ideas and a theoretical basis for the in-depth study and clinical application of Chinese medicine in promoting the healing of DU wounds.

Aural vertigo frequently encountered in the otolaryngology department of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） mainly involves peripheral vestibular diseases of Western medicine， such as Meniere's disease， benign paroxysmal positional vertigo， vestibular neuritis， and vestibular migraine， being a hot research topic in both TCM and Western medicine. Western medical therapies alone have unsatisfactory effects on recurrent aural vertigo， aural vertigo affecting the quality of life， aural vertigo not relieved after surgery， aural vertigo with complex causes， and children's aural vertigo. The literature records and clinical practice have proven that TCM demonstrates unique advantages in the treatment of aural vertigo. The China Association of Chinese medicine sponsored the "17th youth salon on the diseases responding specifically to TCM： Aural vertigo" and invited vertigo experts of TCM and Western medicine to discuss the difficulties and advantages of TCM diagnosis and treatment of aural vertigo. The experts deeply discussed the achievements and contributions of TCM and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of aural vertigo， the control and mitigation of the symptoms， and the solutions to disease recurrence. The discussion clarified the positioning and advantages of TCM treatment and provided guidance for clinical and basic research on aural vertigo.

Objective: To establish a capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA) method for the determination of EDTA-2Na in Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine.
Methods: The test was performed in disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer with pH 2.5, the online metal ions complexation of 1.5 mg·mL^-1 Fe³⁺ and incubation time of 3 min. The separation voltage was 25 kV, the detection wavelength was 257 nm, and. the column temperature was 25.0 ℃.
Results: The established method had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.01-0.5 mg·mL^-1 (r=0.999 9), the detection limit was 5 μg·mL^-1, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the measured samples was less than 2.87%. The recoveries of spiked samples were between 96.49%-101.02%.
Conclusion:The optimized method was applied to the determination of EDTA-2Na in Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine. The satisfactory experimental results were obtained.

Objective To investigate the effects of different ventilation strategies on intraocular pressure (IOP) and intracranial pressure in patients undergoing spinal surgery in the prone position under general anesthesia. Methods Seventy-two patients undergoing prone spinal surgery under general anesthesia between November, 2022 and June, 2023 were equally randomized into two groups to receive routine ventilation (with Vt of 8mL/kg, Fr of 12-15/min, and etCO2 maintained at 35-40 mmHg) or small tidal volume hyperventilation (Vt of 6 mL/kg, Fr of18-20/min, and etCO2 maintained at 30-35 mmHg) during the surgery. IOP of both eyes (measured with a handheld tonometer), optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD;measured at 3 mm behind the eyeball with bedside real-time ultrasound), circulatory and respiratory parameters of the patients were recorded before anesthesia (T0), immediately after anesthesia induction (T1), immediately after prone positioning (T2), at 2 h during operation (T3), immediately after supine positioning after surgery (T4) and 30 min after the operation (T5). Results Compared with those at T1, IOP and ONSD in both groups increased significantly at T3 and T4 (P<0.05). IOP was significantly lower in hyperventilation group than in routine ventilation group at T3 and T4 (P<0.05), and ONSD was significantly lower in hyperventilation group at T4 (P<0.05). IOP was positively correlated with the length of operative time (r=0.779, P<0.001) and inversely with intraoperative etCO2 at T3 (r=-0.248, P<0.001) and T4 (r=-0.251, P<0.001). ONSD was correlated only with operation time (r=0.561, P<0.05) and not with IOP (r=0.178, P>0.05 at T3;r=0.165, P>0.05 at T4). Conclusion Small tidal volume hyperventilation can relieve the increase of IOP and ONSD during prone spinal surgery under general anesthesia.

Background Under the backdrop of the national innovation-driven development strategy, the increasing occupational stress and job burnout among employees are noteworthy for their impact on employees' subjective well-being. Objective To clarify the status, distribution characteristics, and the relationship between subjective well-being, occupational stress, and job burnout of employees in research and development (R&D) enterprises, in order to improve their subjective well-being. Methods A total of 3366 employees from R&D departments at 7 enterprises in Minhang District of Shanghai were selected. The well-being level of the research subjects was investigated by using the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) that yielded total scores from 0 to 25, and a higher total score indicated a higher well-being level; the levels of occupational stress and job burnout were investigated by using the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire, and the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). The scores of WHO-5, JDC, and MBI-GS were incorporated into structural equation modeling (SEM) as numerical variables to analyze their relationship. Results The scores of subjective well-being, occupational stress, and job burnout of employees in the R&D enterprises were 13.30±6.09, 1.12±0.45, and 2.18±1.12, respectively. The positive rates of occupational stress and job burnout were 44.4% and 70.9% respectively, and the positive rate of severe job burnout was 11.7%. There were statistically significant differences in the score of subjective well-being among the participants by gender, age, educational level, marital status, registered residence, working seniority, and jobs (P<0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of occupational stress by gender, educational level, marital status, working seniority, and jobs (P<0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of job burnout by gender, age, educational level, marital status, registered residence, working seniority, and jobs (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between subjective well-being and occupational stress (r=−0.1747, P < 0.01), a negative correlation between subjective well-being and job burnout (r=−0.2987, P < 0.01), and a positive correlation between occupational stress and job burnout (r=0.3342, P < 0.01). A structural equation containing partial mediating effect of job burnout on the relationship between occupational stress and subjective well-being was established, and the partial effect accounting for 52.5% of the total effect. Conclusion The job burnout among employees in R&D companies partially mediates the impact of occupational stress on subjective well-being. Reducing the level of job burnout will help alleviate occupational stress and thus improve employees' subjective well-being.

Objective To investigate the relationship between two-lung ventilation (TLV) with single-lumen endotracheal tube (SLT), one-lung ventilation (OLV) with double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after total thoracoscopic cardiac surgery. Methods The clinical data of patients who underwent totally thoracoscopic cardiac surgeries in the Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 group according to the type of endotracheal tube, including a SLT group and a DLT group. Baseline data, surgical variables and PPCs were compared. The influencing factors of PPCs in the two groups were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results Finally 349 patients were enrolled, including 180 males and 169 females with an average age of (50.0±14.8) years. There were 219 patients in the SLT group and 130 patients in the DLT group. There was no statistical difference in baseline data, surgical variables or PPCs between the two groups (P＞0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PPCs were related to body mass index in the SLT group (OR=0.778, 95%CI 0.637 to 0.951, P=0.014) and preoperative smoking history in the DLT group (OR=0.058, 95%CI 0.004 to 0.903, P=0.042). Conclusion For the patients who undergo totally thoracoscopic cardiac surgery, TLV with SLT and OLV with DLT show no significant association with PPCs. At the same time, PPCs are associated with body mass index in the SLT group, while associated with preoperative smoking history in the DLT group.