BACKGROUND:It has been found that internal factors such as anatomical structure,hormone level and neuromuscular function of athletes are closely related to the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries,and external factors such as the material of the playing field also become one of the risk factors affecting the occurrence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries,but they are relatively under-attended in the current studies. OBJECTIVE:To explore effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on the biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing. METHODS:According to the test needs,artificial turf and natural grass in accordance with the standards of GB/T 20033.3-2006 and GB/T 19995.1-2005 were leveled and fixed on two three-dimensional force measuring platforms.Twenty-one young females were voluntarily recruited and completed the jump-landing task on the artificial turf and natural grass.Subjects stood on the steps and then jumped forward,jumped down to the force measuring platform and immediately jumped with full force to the force measuring platform again.The two landings were required to fall to the two force measuring platforms,and the whole jumping action was considered successful without any pause.The kinematic,kinetic and electromyographic data of the lower limbs during the landing process were collected synchronously to compare and analyze the differences between the two. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In terms of kinetics,posterior and vertical ground reaction force at the initial landing moment during jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),as well as at the peak ground reaction force moment(P＜0.05,P＜0.05).Additionally,the knee flexion moment when jump-landing on the natural grass was higher than that on the artificial turf(P＜0.01).In terms of electromyography,within 100 ms after the initial landing moment,the electromyography activity levels of medial femoris muscle,lateral femoris muscle and anterior tibialis muscle when jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.05).To conclude,compared with the natural grass,jump-landing on the artificial turf leads to an change in biomechanical performance that will cause an increase in anterior cruciate ligament tension.

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and changes in its risk factors among residents in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2021, so as to identify key priorities for COPD prevention and control. Methods: Data on COPD mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) for residents in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2021 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Standardized mortality and standardized DALY rate were calculated using the GBD 2021 world population standard structure. Premature mortality was computed via the life table method. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was applied to analyze trends in COPD mortality, DALY rate, and premature mortality. Changes in deaths of COPD risk factors were evaluated using population attributable fraction (PAF). Results: From 1990 to 2021, the standardized COPD mortality in Zhejiang Province decreased from 272.40/100 000 to 70.56/100 000 (AAPC=-4.395%), and the standardized DALY rate declined from 4 167.37/100 000 to 1 071.89/100 000 (AAPC=-4.396%). Similar downward trends were observed in both males (AAPC=-3.933%, -4.173%) and females (AAPC=-4.785%, -4.480%), all P<0.05. Crude mortality and DALY rates increased with age, and the crude mortality and DALY rates of various age groups in Zhejiang Province showed decreasing trends from 1990 to 2021 (all P<0.05). The premature mortality declined from 4.37% to 0.60% from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC=- 6.206%), with consistent trends across males and females (AAPC=- 6.144%, - 6.379%, all P<0.05). From 1990 to 2021, particulate matter pollution showed the largest reduction in PAF (- 56.76%), while ambient ozone pollution had the largest increase (103.07%) in Zhejiang Province. By 2021, smoking became the leading risk factor for deaths of COPD (PAF=43.32%). Conclusions The standardized mortality, standardized DALY rate, and premature mortality for COPD show consistent declining trends in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2021. However, risk factors such as smoking and ambient ozone pollution require intensified focus to further reduce disease burden of COPD.

BACKGROUND: The transcription factor POU2F1 regulates the expression levels of microRNAs in neoplasia. However, the miR-29b1/a cluster modulated by POU2F1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. METHODS: Gene expression in GC cells was evaluated using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and RNA in situ hybridization. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to evaluate protein interactions. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the biological behavior of GC cells. MiR-29b1/a cluster promoter analysis and luciferase activity assay for the 3'-UTR study were performed in GC cells. In vivo tumor metastasis was evaluated in nude mice. RESULTS: POU2F1 is overexpressed in GC cell lines and binds to the miR-29b1/a cluster promoter. POU2F1 is upregulated, whereas mature miR-29b-3p and miR-29a-3p are downregulated in GC tissues. POU2F1 promotes GC metastasis by inhibiting miR-29b-3p or miR-29a-3p expression in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, PIK3R1 and/or PIK3R3 are direct targets of miR-29b-3p and/or miR-29a-3p , and the ectopic expression of PIK3R1 or PIK3R3 reverses the suppressive effect of mature miR-29b-3p and/or miR-29a-3p on GC cell metastasis and invasion. Additionally, the interaction of PIK3R1 with PIK3R3 promotes migration and invasion, and miR-29b-3p , miR-29a-3p , PIK3R1 , and PIK3R3 regulate migration and invasion via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway in GC cells. In addition, POU2F1 , PIK3R1 , and PIK3R3 expression levels negatively correlated with miR-29b-3p and miR-29a-3p expression levels in GC tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS The POU2F1 - miR-29b-3p / miR-29a-3p-PIK3R1 / PIK3R1 signaling axis regulates tumor progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for GC.
MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement/physiology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Animals ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-1/metabolism* ; Mice, Nude ; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics* ; Male ; Immunohistochemistry ; Female

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of fatal drowning in children in Zhejiang Province in 2022, analyze factors such as the swimming ability of children, the caregiver behavior at drowning site, types of first aid personnel and methods of first aid of unintentional fatal drowning and provide evidence for targeted intervention.Methods:Using the "Survey Form of Fatal Drowning Case in Children" designed by National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention of the China CDC, we collected case information of children aged 0-17 years who died due to drowning in Zhejiang in 2022 from medical history/death investigation records, telephone interviews, and home visits.Results:A total of 341 fatal drowning cases in children occurred in Zhejiang in 2022 and 330 cases were investigated (96.77%). The male to female of the cases was 2.33∶1, most cases were aged 15-17 years and 0-4 years, and 54.24% of fatal drowning cases occurred in children from other provinces. In the drowning cases, 83.33% were unintentional ones, and the proportion of intentional fatal drowning cases in children increased with age. Fatal drowning cases mainly occurred in open natural water bodies and public water storage facilities. More fatal drowning cases occurred in open natural water bodies in older children, while more fatal drowning cases occurred in public water storage facilities in younger children. In 275 children who died due to unintentional drowning, 73.09% could not swim, and only 1.09% were fully supervised by adults within an arm's length. First aid personnel, mainly medical staffs, bystanders and adult caregivers, were present for 47.63% fatal drowning cases. The proportion of the cases who had cardiopulmonary resuscitation as the first aid within 5 minutes was 2.18%.Conclusions:Drowning poses a serious threat to children's lives and there are differences in reasons and locations of fatal drowning in children in different age groups in Zhejiang Province in 2022. It is necessary to conduct to interventions to improve children's swimming skills, strengthen effective adult care and conduct health education about field first aid of drowning to reduce the incidence of drowning and related deaths in children.

Objective:To investigate the pregnancy outcome and the maternal and infant follow-up in the puer-peral period(42 days after delivery)of cesarean section with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in different periods of pregnancy.Methods:330 pregnant women who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and delivered by ce-sarean section in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from November 20,2022 to January 25,2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the early(80 cases),middle(151 cases)and late(99 cases)pregnancy group according to the gestational age of infection.The general information,pregnancy compli-cations and comorbidities,pregnancy outcomes,and postpartum maternal and infant follow-up of each group of pregnant women were compared.Results:The clinical classification of pregnant women was asymptomatic and mild,with 9 cases of asymptomatic and 321 cases of mild.The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in the early and late group was higher than that in the middle group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of placental abruption,fetal growth restriction,fetal distress,amniotic fluid contamina-tion,preterm labor,postpartum hemorrhage,macrosomia,low-birth-weight infants and the maternal intensive care unit(MICU)transfer rate,newborn birth weight,neonatal asphyxia rate and NICU transfer rate among the three groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of preterm rupture of membranes in the middle group was higher than that in the late group(P＜0.05).Puerperal follow-up results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of poor maternal uterine incision healing,poor uterine involution,vaginal microecological imbal-ance and neonatal acute upper respiratory tract infection,pneumonia,digestive system disease,cardiovascular system disease among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The majority of pregnant women with Omicron infection during pregnancy are mild.Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy has no significant effect on pregnancy outcome and puerperal follow-up of cesarean section.No evidence was found that GDM and prema-ture rupture of membranes are significantly associated with Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy.

The genus jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)within the Rhamnaceae family encompasses numerous varieties,such as Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.jujuba,Ziziphus jujuba var.inermis,and var.spinosa,etc.Among these,the jujube fructus has the most abundant cultivated variants across the country,including Ziziphus jujuba cv.Hamidazao and Ziziphus jujuba cv.Huanghetanzao.Jujube plants are rich in variety and are used for both medicinal and food purposes.Polysaccharides,one of the main active ingredients of jujube,are important medicinal components that contribute to its efficacy.Jujube polysaccharides have been found to promote hematopoiesis,exhibit antioxidant and anti-tumor activities,repair liver damage,regulate the immune system,and provide anti-inflammatory effects.By comprehensively summarizing and analyzing the literature on jujube polysaccharides from different varieties and origins,this paper reviews the potential mechanisms of action of jujube polysaccharides in exerting biological activities.It also summarizes the primary structural features,such as relative molecular mass,monosaccharide composition,glycosidic linkage,and the substituent modifications of jujube polysaccharides by sulfation,phosphorylation,carboxymethylation,selenization,and acetylation.This review aims to provide a reference for the research and development of jujube in the fields of innovative polysaccharide drugs and functional foods.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)polysaccharides are active polysaccharides extracted from Chinese herbal medicines,many of which exhibit specific biological activities.Modern research has revealed that polysaccharide components extracted from plants,animals,and algae have a significant role in improving kidney injury.Currently,drug therapy is the primary treatment for kidney injury,with few reports on the use of TCM polysaccharides.This review explores the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides on diabetic nephropathy,nephritis,kidney stones,hypertension-induced kidney injury,chemical toxin-induced kidney injury,and drug-induced kidney injury.Additionally,it discusses the prospects for the development of TCM polysaccharides in this field to provide a reference for further research.

Objective:Exploring the effect of radiofrequency ablation treatment to restore sinus rhythm on the improvement of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and cardiac structure in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with moderate or severe FMR, compared with drug therapy alone.Methods:This retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled patients diagnosed with persistent atrial fibrillation and moderate or severe FMR who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2019 to December 2021. Forty-eight patients who were treated with radiofrequency ablation and maintained sinus rhythm were enrolled in the ablation group, and 63 patients who were treated with medication alone during the same period were in the medicine group. Patients in the ablation group and medicine group were matched in a 1∶1 ratio using a propensity score, and 41 patients were finally included in each of the 2 groups. All patients reexamined echocardiography after 3-month of treatment. The proportion of patients with FMR improvement and the differences in changes of cardiac structural and functional parameters were compared between groups.Results:After propensity score matching, the ablation group was aged (69.3±7.1) years with 21 males (51.2%) and the medicine group was aged (71.3±9.4) years with 21 males (51.2%). The echocardiography after 3-month of treatment showed the rate of FMR improvement was significantly higher in the ablation group than in the medicine group (19 (46.3%) vs. 33 (80.5%), P<0.001), and patients in the ablation group showed a significant decrease in FMR extent (Δmitral regurgitation area: (-1.30±2.64) cm 2 vs. (-3.55±2.50) cm 2, P<0.001), left atrial size (Δleft atrial diameter: (-0.17±3.78) mm vs. (-2.46±4.01) mm, P=0.009) and E/e′ (ΔE/e′:-2.54±7.34 vs.-6.34±7.08, P=0.021) compared with the medicine group. There was also a significant decrease in left ventricular size (Δleft ventricular end diastolic diameter: (-3.12±6.62) mm vs. (-0.73±3.62) mm, P=0.046) and significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (Δleft ventricular ejection fraction: (2.73±9.69) % vs. (-0.93±5.41) %, P=0.038) in ablation group. Conclusion:Performing radiofrequency ablation to restore sinus rhythm can effectively reduce the severity of mitral regurgitation and improve left atrial and left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation and FMR.

Objective:To investigate the pregnancy outcome and the maternal and infant follow-up in the puer-peral period(42 days after delivery)of cesarean section with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in different periods of pregnancy.Methods:330 pregnant women who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and delivered by ce-sarean section in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from November 20,2022 to January 25,2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the early(80 cases),middle(151 cases)and late(99 cases)pregnancy group according to the gestational age of infection.The general information,pregnancy compli-cations and comorbidities,pregnancy outcomes,and postpartum maternal and infant follow-up of each group of pregnant women were compared.Results:The clinical classification of pregnant women was asymptomatic and mild,with 9 cases of asymptomatic and 321 cases of mild.The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in the early and late group was higher than that in the middle group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of placental abruption,fetal growth restriction,fetal distress,amniotic fluid contamina-tion,preterm labor,postpartum hemorrhage,macrosomia,low-birth-weight infants and the maternal intensive care unit(MICU)transfer rate,newborn birth weight,neonatal asphyxia rate and NICU transfer rate among the three groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of preterm rupture of membranes in the middle group was higher than that in the late group(P＜0.05).Puerperal follow-up results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of poor maternal uterine incision healing,poor uterine involution,vaginal microecological imbal-ance and neonatal acute upper respiratory tract infection,pneumonia,digestive system disease,cardiovascular system disease among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The majority of pregnant women with Omicron infection during pregnancy are mild.Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy has no significant effect on pregnancy outcome and puerperal follow-up of cesarean section.No evidence was found that GDM and prema-ture rupture of membranes are significantly associated with Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy.

Objective:To investigate the pregnancy outcome and the maternal and infant follow-up in the puer-peral period(42 days after delivery)of cesarean section with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in different periods of pregnancy.Methods:330 pregnant women who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection and delivered by ce-sarean section in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from November 20,2022 to January 25,2023 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into the early(80 cases),middle(151 cases)and late(99 cases)pregnancy group according to the gestational age of infection.The general information,pregnancy compli-cations and comorbidities,pregnancy outcomes,and postpartum maternal and infant follow-up of each group of pregnant women were compared.Results:The clinical classification of pregnant women was asymptomatic and mild,with 9 cases of asymptomatic and 321 cases of mild.The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in the early and late group was higher than that in the middle group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of placental abruption,fetal growth restriction,fetal distress,amniotic fluid contamina-tion,preterm labor,postpartum hemorrhage,macrosomia,low-birth-weight infants and the maternal intensive care unit(MICU)transfer rate,newborn birth weight,neonatal asphyxia rate and NICU transfer rate among the three groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of preterm rupture of membranes in the middle group was higher than that in the late group(P＜0.05).Puerperal follow-up results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of poor maternal uterine incision healing,poor uterine involution,vaginal microecological imbal-ance and neonatal acute upper respiratory tract infection,pneumonia,digestive system disease,cardiovascular system disease among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions:The majority of pregnant women with Omicron infection during pregnancy are mild.Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy has no significant effect on pregnancy outcome and puerperal follow-up of cesarean section.No evidence was found that GDM and prema-ture rupture of membranes are significantly associated with Omicron infection in different periods of pregnancy.