BACKGROUND:Kinesio taping has been widely used as a means of sports protection,but its role as a means to correct abnormal biomechanical changes of the lower limbs during side-step cutting remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To analyze and compare the changes in lower limb kinematics and dynamics when the subjects complete the side-step cutting of the knee joint under the conditions of kinesio taping,placebo taping and blank control. METHODS:Thirty-nine male college students majoring in basketball were recruited as subjects.Each subject was tested with kinesio taping,placebo taping or no taping.The mechanical correction method was used to patch the dominant knee joint of each subject.The run-up speed of 4.5-5.5 m/s was selected to complete the 45° side-step cutting motion,and the kinematics and kinetics data were collected synchronously by the three-dimensional dynamic capture system and the force measuring platform.The kinematics and kinetics parameters at the moment of initial touchdown and peak ground reaction force were selected for data analysis.SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the test data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Kinematic indexes:compared with no taping and placebo taping,the hip abduction and knee valgus angles at the initial touchdown moment were significantly decreased when kinesio taping was used(P<0.05);at the moment of peak lateral ground reaction force,the angles of hip abduction,knee valgus and ankle plantar flexion decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the knee flexion angle was significantly increased(P<0.05).Kinetic indexes:Compared with no taping,both kinesio taping and placebo taping significantly reduced hip abduction and external rotation torque,knee valgus and external rotation torque at the moment of initial touchdown(P<0.05),and significantly reduced peak vertical ground reaction force and peak horizontal backward ground reaction force(P<0.05);in addition,kinesio taping significantly reduced peak lateral ground reaction force compared with no taping and placebo taping(P<0.05).These results indicate that kinesio taping of the knee joint may improve some kinematic and kinetic indexes associated with lower limb injury risk factors during the completion of the side-step cutting in basketball specialized college students to some extent,and may have a positive effect on the prevention of injury during the side-step cutting.In addition,the trends in the effects of placebo taping and kinesio taping on the knee joint are more consistent in terms of changes in some indexes,suggesting that there may be a placebo effect on the mechanism of action of kinesio taping.

Objective:Exploring the effect of radiofrequency ablation treatment to restore sinus rhythm on the improvement of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and cardiac structure in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with moderate or severe FMR, compared with drug therapy alone.Methods:This retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled patients diagnosed with persistent atrial fibrillation and moderate or severe FMR who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2019 to December 2021. Forty-eight patients who were treated with radiofrequency ablation and maintained sinus rhythm were enrolled in the ablation group, and 63 patients who were treated with medication alone during the same period were in the medicine group. Patients in the ablation group and medicine group were matched in a 1∶1 ratio using a propensity score, and 41 patients were finally included in each of the 2 groups. All patients reexamined echocardiography after 3-month of treatment. The proportion of patients with FMR improvement and the differences in changes of cardiac structural and functional parameters were compared between groups.Results:After propensity score matching, the ablation group was aged (69.3±7.1) years with 21 males (51.2%) and the medicine group was aged (71.3±9.4) years with 21 males (51.2%). The echocardiography after 3-month of treatment showed the rate of FMR improvement was significantly higher in the ablation group than in the medicine group (19 (46.3%) vs. 33 (80.5%), P<0.001), and patients in the ablation group showed a significant decrease in FMR extent (Δmitral regurgitation area: (-1.30±2.64) cm 2 vs. (-3.55±2.50) cm 2, P<0.001), left atrial size (Δleft atrial diameter: (-0.17±3.78) mm vs. (-2.46±4.01) mm, P=0.009) and E/e′ (ΔE/e′:-2.54±7.34 vs.-6.34±7.08, P=0.021) compared with the medicine group. There was also a significant decrease in left ventricular size (Δleft ventricular end diastolic diameter: (-3.12±6.62) mm vs. (-0.73±3.62) mm, P=0.046) and significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (Δleft ventricular ejection fraction: (2.73±9.69) % vs. (-0.93±5.41) %, P=0.038) in ablation group. Conclusion:Performing radiofrequency ablation to restore sinus rhythm can effectively reduce the severity of mitral regurgitation and improve left atrial and left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation and FMR.

Cohort study of children and adolescents health is an ideal method to explore health-related problems from childhood to adulthood, to which more attention has been paid. This paper summarizes the progress in cohort study of children and adolescents health conducted both at home and abroad by introducing the study design, main contents. Emphasizing the international exchange and cohort integration, continuously expanding cohort research field, and using multi-source data for high-quality follow-up have become the trend of cohort study of children and adolescents health.

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies of the urological tract. Surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are the main treatment methods for prostate cancer, which often lead to unsatisfactory outcomes due to the obvious heterogeneity of the tumor. Recently, poorly differentiated, self-renewing cancer initiation sites and treatment-resistant cancer stem cells (CSC) have become a hot topic in prostate cancer research. Targeting prostate cancer stem cells is a novel and promising therapy. In this article, we review the mechanism of stemness maintenance of CSC, its impact on the tumor microenvironment, and the related research progress in prostate cancer treatment, providing a theoretical basis for the targeted therapy of prostate cancer stem cells.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult Chinese patients with syncope.Methods:This is a cross-sectional survey study. Patients with preliminary diagnosis of syncope in the Emergency Department, Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department, or Syncope Unit of 37 hospitals in 19 provinces, autonomous regions and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region from June 2018 to March 2021 were included in this study. The clinical features of these patients with syncope were analyzed.Results:A total of 4 950 consecutive patients with syncope were included in this study. The age was (56.3±16.8)years, and 2 604 cases (52.6%) were male. The most common type of syncope was neurally mediated syncope (2 345 (47.4%)), followed by cardiac syncope (1 085 (21.9%)), orthostatic hypotensive syncope (311 (6.3%)), and unexplained syncope accounted for nearly one third (1 155 (23.3%)). Predisposing syncope was more common in patients under 65 years of age(2 066(72.4%) vs. 786(27.6%),χ 2=136.5, P<0.001). Presyncope was more common in patients with neurally mediated syncope (1 972(79.0%) vs.1 908(73.9%), χ 2=17.756, P<0.001). Premonitory symptoms were more common in women(1 837(80.0%) vs. 1 863(73.0%),χ 2=33.432, P<0.001). Presyncope syndrome was more common in patients under 65 years of age (2 482(77.8%) vs. 1 218(73.4%),χ 2=17.523, P=0.001). Cyanosis was more common in ≥65 years old patients (271(18.2%) vs. 369(12.7%), χ 2=23.235, P<0.001). Urinary incontinence was more common in old patients aged ≥65 years(252(15.2%) vs. 345(10.8%), χ 2=19.313, P<0.001). Family history was more common in patients with cardiogenic syncope compared with other types of syncope (264(24.3%) vs. 754(19.5%), χ 2=11.899, P=0.001). Hypertention(1 480(30.5%)), coronary heart disease(1 057(21.4%)), atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation(359(7.2%)), second degree atrioventricular block(236(4.8%)) were common complications of syncope. The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease was significantly higher in cardiac syncope than that of other types of syncope(417(38.4%) vs. 640(16.6%), χ 2=241.376, P<0.001). Other common complications included cerebrovascular diseases (551 (11.1%)) and diabetes mellitus (632(12.8%)). Conclusions:Neurally mediated syncope is the most common syncope in adult Chinese population. Patients with predisposing conditions and premonitory conditions are younger. Presyncope is more common in women. The proportion of family history and coronary heart disease is higher in patients with cardiogenic syncope.

Background::To date, there is no effective medicine to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the antiviral efficacy of arbidol in the treatment for COVID-19 remained equivocal and controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of arbidol tablets in the treatment of COVID-19.Methods::This was a prospective, open-label, controlled and multicenter investigator-initiated trial involving adult patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Patients were stratified 1:2 to either standard-of-care (SOC) or SOC plus arbidol tablets (oral administration of 200 mg per time, three times a day for 14 days). The primary endpoint was negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week. The rates and 95% confidential intervals were calculated for each variable.Results::A total of 99 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled; 66 were assigned to the SOC plus arbidol tablets group, and 33 to the SOC group. The negative conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week in patients receiving arbidol tablets was significantly higher than that of the SOC group (70.3% [45/64] vs. 42.4% [14/33]; difference of conversion rate 27.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7%-48.1%; P = 0.008). Compared to those in the SOC group, patients receiving arbidol tablets had a shorter duration of clinical recovery (median 7.0 days vs. 12.0 days; hazard ratio [HR]: 1.877, 95% CI: 1.151-3.060, P = 0.006), symptom of fever (median 3.0 days vs. 12.0 days; HR: 18.990, 95% CI: 5.350-67.410, P < 0.001), as well as hospitalization (median 12.5 days vs. 20.0 days; P < 0.001). Moreover, the addition of arbidol tablets to SOC led to more rapid normalization of declined blood lymphocytes (median 10.0 days vs. 14.5 days; P > 0.05). The most common adverse event in the arbidol tablets group was the elevation of transaminase (5/200, 2.5%), and no one withdrew from the study due to adverse events or disease progression. Conclusions::SOC plus arbidol tablets significantly increase the negative conversion rate of SARS-CoV-2 within the first week and accelerate the recovery of COVID-19 patients. During the treatment with arbidol tablets, we find no significant serious adverse events.Trial registration::Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, NCT04260594, www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04260594?term= NCT04260594&draw=2&rank=1

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of cucurmosin (CUS) combined with the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for pancreatic cancer in clinical practice including Gemcitabine (GEM),Fluorouracil (5-FU),Paclitaxel (PTX) and Cisplatin (DDP) on cell proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3.Mehtods Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to detect the inhibition on the cell proliferation of BxPC-3 cells in vitro after the treatment of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP,respectively.Colony formation assay was also conducted and Jin' s formula was used to assess the synergistic effect of these combinations.Results The inhibition rate of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP were all higher than those of each drug alone (q ＞ 0.85),which became obvious in low concentrations.The colony formation inhibition rate of CUS combined with GEM,5-FU,PTX or DDP were all higher than each single drug treatment (q ＞ 1.15).Conclusion CUS could enhance the cell growth inhibition of GEM,5-FU,PTX and DDP in BxPC-3 cells in vitro with a good synergistic effect.

Objective To Study the effect of Yunnan Baiyao on the hemolysis and plasma coagulation ability of Staphylococcus aureus.ToseeknewmechanismofYunnanBaiyao′sapplicationonthebasisofanti‐virulence.Methods 0.5MCFbacterialiquidof Staphylococcus aureus standard strains(ATCC29213) were prepared and cultured in blood agar plates which containing Yunnan Baiyao of different concentrations at 37 ℃ for 24 h .Then the diameter of hemolysis rings were measured and recorded .0 .1 MCF bacteria liquids treated with Yunan Baiyao of different concentrations were prepared ,and 20μL of the bacteria liquid were added in‐to 80 μL plasma ,then cultivated at 37 ℃ for 24 h to observe the phenomenon of solidification .Results There was significant differ‐ence among the effects of Yunan Baiyao of different concentrations on the Staphylococcus aureus hemolytic rings(P<0 .05) ,and the drug concentrations inversely proportional to the diameter of hemolysis .Plasma coagulation effect of bacteria was not obvious differ‐ent after the treatment with different concentrations of Yunnan Baiyao ,and not had any regular pattern(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Yunnan baiyao can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and its hemolytic ability but has no significant effect on plasma clot‐ting enzyme .

Objective To identify precipitating factors of a tuberculosis (TB) outbreak in a school and discuss the importance of index case detection on outbreak monitoring,follow up and related control measures.Methods A case survey of the index patient was conducted to evaluate the illness severity and infectious duration of the case.The initial response to this case was surveyed to understand the factors leading to the outbreak.Results A total of 25 TB cases were detected in the outbreak,including 14 cases in one class.The risk of catching TB among the classmates of the index case was 10.74 times higher than that among students in other classes (x2=42.31,P＜0.001).Although the index case had typical TB symptom of cough and expectoration,TB was not diagnosed until pulmonary cavity was detected by chest radiograph one month later.Among 64 close contacts,56 (87.5％) completed TB screening,52 (92.9％) were purified protein derivative positive.No TB cases were detected.Conclusion The factors leading to the outbreak included delayed diagnoses of the index case,no chemoprophylaxis taken by the close contacts; poor surveillance and follow-up for close contacts.

The case is the cornerstone of case teaching. The construction of case database can support case teaching and its orderly development. The clinical cases of gynecology of Chinese medicine were collected, sorted and processed in combination with the teaching syllabus and teaching objective. Operating platform was based on the Excelltable. The column was divided into overview, menstrual disorders, leukorrhoeal diseases, pregnancy disease, postpartum disease and miscellaneous diseases of gynecology with hierarchical set of 15 modules per column, including basic information, complaints, history, symptoms, physical examination, diagnosis, application purpose and context and so on. And the corresponding search term was also selected. Cases can be divided into introduction cases and improvement ones according to their easiness and difficulty , into typical cases and atypical ones according to their feature types. Case database content also needs to be constantly revised by teaching activities to make it more suitable for clinical teaching.