Objective To explore the possible mechanism of emodin in inhibiting proliferation,migration,and invasion of AGS cells and in suppressing the expressions of YAP1 and FOXD1.Methods Normal gastric cell GES-1 and gastric cancer cell AGS were cultured with different concentrations of emodin.CCK8 test,scratch test and Transwell assay were used to verify changes in the biological phenotype of AGS cells.TCGA database was applied to analyze expressions of HK2,YAP1 and FOXD1 in gastric cancer tissues and normal gastric tissues.Western blotting method was used to detect the impacts of emodin on HK2,YAP1 and FOXD1 proteins in AGS cells.Exogenous pyruvic acid was added to verify the changes in YAP1 and FOXD1.Results The IC50 of emodin was significantly higher in GES-1 cells than in AGS cells(P<0.05).CCK8 proliferation test,scratch test,and Transwell assay showed that emodin significantly inhibited the biological abilities of AGS(P<0.05 for comparisons).Analysis on the TCGA bioinformatics database found that the expression of key enzymes HK2 in the glycolysis pathway and oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1 was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than in normal gastric tissues(P<0.05 for comparisons).Emodin significantly inhibited the protein expressions of key glycolytic enzymes HK2 and oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1(P<0.05 for comparisons).With supplement of exogenous glycolytic metabolite pyruvate,the protein expressions of oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1 significantly increased(P<0.05 for comparisons).Conclusions Emodin has a significant pharmacological inhibitory effect on gastric cancer AGS cells,markedly suppressing their biological phenotype.Emodin not only significantly inhibits the key enzyme HK2 in glycolysis metabolism,but also the protein expressions of oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1.With the addition of exogenous pyruvate to enhance the glycolytic metabolic pathway,the protein expressions of oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1 significantly increased.The above results suggest a close association of YAP1 and FOXD1 with glycolytic metabolism.Emodin may inhibit oncogenes YAP1 and FOXD1 through the glycolytic metabolism of gastric cancer AGS cells.

Due to the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19, we reflect on the optimization of teaching content and the guidance to deep learning, from the perspective of TCM teaching research. We believe that it's necessary to pay attention to the overall integration of TCM theories, academic researching, and clinical practicing when teaching. By excavating and sorting out the knowledge system of TCM, a clear conceptual pedigree of academic inheritance is constructed. In the teaching of traditional Chinese pharmacy, we should integrate the reconsideration and multi-dimensional research on the theory of medicinal properties, and make preparations for the development of Chinese medicine in a new direction through the cross-integration of various disciplines.

PURPOSE: The prevalence of PIK3CA in Chinese breast cancer patients may be underestimated. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of somatic PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations in Chinese breast cancer patients and explored their roles in tumor phenotypes and disease prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumors from 507 breast cancer patients were prospectively collected from the West China Hospital between 2008 and 2013. Whole exons of AKT1 and PIK3CA were detected in fresh-frozen tumors using next-generation sequencing, and correlations between PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: The AKT1 mutation was found in 3.6% (18/507) of patients. Tumors from patients that carried the AKT1 mutation were estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‒ and were more likely to have high expression levels of Ki67. The prevalence of the PIK3CA mutation was 46.5% (236/507), and 35 patients carried two or three variants of the PIK3CA gene. PIK3CA mutations were associated with ER+/PR+/HER2‒ status. The prognosis of patients with one mutation in PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1) was not significantly different than that of patients with wild-type PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1), while patients with two or three variants in PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1) exhibited poorer outcomes in the entire group and in all three subgroups (ER+, HER2‒, Ki67 high), particularly with respect to overall survival. CONCLUSION: A high frequency of somatic PIK3CA mutations was detected in Chinese breast cancer patients. In addition to the mutation frequency, the tumor mutational burden of the PIK3CA and AKT1 genes should also be of concern, as they may be associated with poor prognosis.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; China ; Estrogens ; Exons ; Humans ; Mutation Rate ; Phenotype ; Prevalence* ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

Objective To explore the effects of "3+1+1" talent cultivation model on key competency in five-year higher vocational nursing students. Methods In March 2015, we selected five-year 80 higher vocational nursing students majoring in clinical nursing in 2013 of Wuxi Higher Health Vocational Technology School as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the 80 nursing students were divided into experimental group (n=38) and control group (n=42) according to classes. Nursing students of experimental group received the "3+1+1" talent cultivation model. Nursing students of control group were treated with the "4+1" cultivation model. The evaluation index system for key competency of five-year higher vocational nursing students was used to evaluated nursing students of two groups. We also compared the theoretical achievement and skills performance of nursing students between two groups. Results There were no statistical difference in key competency of nursing students between two groups at the end of the 2.5th school year (P＞0.05). The score of key competency of nursing students in experimental group was higher than that in control group at the end of the fourth school year with a significant difference (P＜ 0.05). There were no statistical differences in theoretical achievement and skills performance of nursing students between two groups at the end of the 2.5th school year (P＞0.05). The theoretical achievement and skills performance of nursing students in experimental group were higher than that in control group at the end of the fourth school year with significant differences (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions The "3+1+1" talent cultivation model can improve nursing students' key competency and school achievement.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound ablation in treatment of uterine fibroids. Methods Ninety-nine patients with 117 leiomyomas in total treated by Haifu JC focused ultrasound tumor therapeutic system were enrolled in prospective and non-randomized clinical trial in First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Academy of Military Medical Sciences. Ultrasound ablation was performed guided by real-time ultrasonography under conscious sedation for single session. All patients were followed up at 6 months after treatment. On the day of treatment and after 1 month, patients were given by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) exam to evaluate the effect of fibroids ablation. At 3 and 6months after treatment, the ratio of ablated area and volume reduction of fibroids more than 50% were evaluated by MRI exam again. The symptoms improvements were evaluated by uterine fibroid symptom (UFS) and complications were analyzed by guideline of society of international radiation (SIR). Results The average ablated area ratio of the target fibroid was (76 ± 24)%. The average reduction in fibroid volume determined by MRI at 3 and 6 months after treatment was (45 ± 21)% and (59 ± 26)%. Which were significantly decreased than those before treatment (P < 0. 05). At 6 months after treatment, 84. 6% (99/117) of patients showed more than 50% volume reduction, the rate of improved symptom score was 92%(66/72). All patients could resume normal daily activities at 2 hours after treatment. The adverse reactions of SIR C - D included delayed hospitalization, repeat treatment and increased level of nursing. E - F included permanent sequelae and death. In this study, no adverse reactions of C - F were recorded. Common complications (SIR A- B, only observation or simple management without sequelae) were 35% (35/99).Four cases with adverse reactions B of SIR were found, including 2 cases with skin burning of degree Ⅱ and 2 cases with febrile, they were administered by symptomatic therapy and changing dressing The other adverse reaction A of SIR included sorness of buttock, vaginal discharge, dysuria and painful urination, they were only suggested by follow-up. Conclusion It was efficacy and safe that ultrasound ablation as a single strategy were used in treatment of uterine fibroids.

Objective To analysis complications and its associated risk factors of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in treatment of uterine leiomyoma for selecting rationale indicated patients and reducing complications. Methods Medical documents of 171 patients with 231 leiomyomas in total treated by HIFU were studied retrospectively. Common complications were categorized and analyzed, the relationship between risk factors and complications were studied. Results Common complications in treatment of uterine leiomyomas by HIFU were 71.9% (123/171) of abdominal pain, 17.5% (30/171) of vaginal bloody discharge, 8.2% (14/171) of sacroiliac or buttock pain, 7. 6% (13/171) of skin blister,4. 7% (8/171) of leg pain, 2. 9% (5/171) of hematuria and 1.8% (3/171) of febrile. By logistic regression analysis, the factor correlated with abdominal pain included diameter of uterine leiomyomas,sonication time and average power (P < 0. 05). The factor correlated with sacroiliac or buttock pain was uterine leiomyomas located in posteriors of uterine wall(P <0. 05); the factors correlated with vaginal bloody discharge were sonication time and type of uterine leiomyomas (submucous > intramural > subserous, P <0. 05); the factors correlated with skin blister was sonication time (P < 0. 05). There were no statistical relationship between multiple factors and leg pain, hematuria, febrile (P > 0. 05). Conclusion The modality of high-power and short-term treatment might reduce complications of HIFU ablation.

Objective To investigate the morbidity of anomalous coronary origin from the opposite coronary sinus, which may cause sudden death of young athletes in Chinese population.And to identify the imaging characteristics of this anomaly and its clinical significance combined with literature review.Methods The computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA) database at TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital was reviewed.All of the patients diagnosed with isolated anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus of valsalva (anomalous origin of coronary artery, AOCA) and subsequent coursing between the pulmonary artery and the aorta were collected from 14 343 Chinese individuals.The location of anomalous coronary origin, the shape and course of the proximal ectopic arterial segments were identified.The nonatherosclerostic stenotic caliber of the segments and the angle between the ectopic coronary artery and the adjacent aortic wall were assessed.Results Seventy-four patients of AOCA (including the left or right single coronary artery) were diagnosed using CTCA.Among the 74 cases, the potentially serious course of the ectopic coronary artery between the pulmonary artery and the aorta were identified in 59 individuals.Fifty-six cases of ectopic right coronary with interarterial course (anomalous origin of right coronary artery, AORCA) and three patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (AOLCA) were found, including two cases judged as potentially serious origin of either single left coronary artery (n=1) or single right coronary artery (n=1).The morbidity of the potentially serious anomalous origin of coronary artery in Chinese population was established as 4.1‰ (59/14 343).In the subgroup of AORCA, the lumen of initial ectopic segment was frequently compressed and stenotic.In 29 cases (52.7%) the stenosis of the lumen were more than 50%, and in 3 cases (5.4%) the stenosis of the ectopic coronary artery were more than 70%.The incidence of AORCA was 17.7 times higher (56/3) than that of AOLCA in Chinese population.Conclusions Nowadays CTCA is considered the most useful imaging technique in identifying the origin, shape and course of ectopic initial segment of the coronary artery.The significance of these anatomic characteristics, that may induce sudden death in Chinese young athletes, need to be investigated further.

The historical surveillance results showed, there were 10 schistosomiasis cases in Huangshan City from 1994 to 2006. The survey in 2007 showed, the positive rates of blood examination for schistosomiasis in migrant workers and immigrant workers were 0.49% and 0.47% , respectively, but no schistosome-infected patients were detected by using the stool examination. An area with snails of 3 000 m~2 was found in the residence of the immigrant workers, but no infected snails were found. It is indicated that the mobile population has some impact on the transmission of schistosomiasis in the transmission-interrupted area. The surveillance and health education for the mobile population should be strengthened, and the imported infectious source should be prevented.

Objective To know the blood lead level of children aged 3-14 years in some areas of Guangdong province. Methods Stratified-clustered-random sampling and simple random sampling were used. 1905 children aged 3-14 years were chosen from Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Shaoguan,Zhaoqing and Lianping and the blood lead level was tested by ICP-MS. Results The mean lead level of children aged 3-14 years was 69.55 ?g/L. The rate of exceed standard limit of blood lead was 16.4% (≥100 ?g/L). The differences of the blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children among different areas were significant. The blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children in Shaoguan were highest in the investigated areas. The blood lead level and the rate of lead poisoning of children aged 3 years were higher than those in the other age groups. The blood lead level of boys was higher than that of girls. Conclusion The blood lead level and the rate of children lead poisoning in the underdeveloped cities and rural areas are higher.

[ Objective ] To investigate the decisive factor of syndrome differentiation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) , so as to provide its experimental evidence. [Methods] Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in SLE patients with yin deficiency of the liver and kidney (group B) and with excessive toxic heat (group C) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in SLE patients were compared with those in healthy volunteers (group A). Relationship of serum C-reaction protein (CRP), complement 3 ( C3) and complement 4 (C4) with sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 as well as relationship between sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in SLE patients were observed. [ Results ] Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in groups B and C were higher than those of group A ( P