Zi goose is a small local variety with high fecundity,good meat quality,roughage resist-ance,strong adaptability and excellent down quality.It is an excellent female parent for cross breeding among varieties.With the rapid development of goose industry,the variety of Zi goose has not been well protected,the variety is hybrid and degraded seriously,and the number of pure Zi goose is decreasing day by day.This paper reviewed the research progress on the breeding distribu-tion and preservation status of Zi goose and the variety characteristics of Zi goose,in order to pro-vide reference for the research,protection and utilization of germplasm resources of Zi goose and the stable development of goose industry.

Objective:To summarize the clinical experience of changing the membranous pulmonary system during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) in infants after congenital heart disease opration with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods:From January to September in 2019, 6 cases of congenital heart disease with cardio-pulmonary bypass in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, whose membrane obstruction occurred during ECMO treatment and replaced successfully.The hemodynamics and blood gas before and after replacement of ECMO system were observed, and the experience was summarized.Results:Six patients(3 males and 3 females), aging from 1 to 3 months and weighing from 3.0 to 4.9 kg, were received VA-ECMO adjuvant therapy.The ECMO system replacement process was smooth and took 175-209 s. The hemodynamic of the children was stable.The ECMO support time was 134-249 h. After the improvement of cardiac systolic function, all children were successfully withdrawn and survived.Conclusion:The improved method of liquid replacement in ECMO system can make full use of the blood components in the original system and avoid the loss of blood tangible components.According to the plan of rapid replacement, the risk of replacement will not be increased.

Objective:To compare the curative effects of different venous cannulas and drainage to improve patient's whole body oxygenation during the auxiliary process of venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in lung transplantation.Methods:From December 2016 to December 2019, 12 patients who were assisted by VA-ECMO in one lung transplantation in People's Hospital of Henan Province were selected as the research objects. According to the number of side holes of venous cannulas, they were divided into two groups: one group with few side holes and other group with multiple side holes. The differences in blood gas indexes among the right radial artery, left radial artery, and right internal jugular vein before and after assistance were compared, and the assistance effect was evaluated.Results:The arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2) of blood gas indexes of the right and left radial arteries in both groups were significantly higher than that before assistance [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): right and left radial artery in few side holes group: 79.5±4.2 vs. 48.3±3.8 and 88.1±3.5 vs. 48.3±3.8; right and left radial artery in multiple side holes group: 67.7±5.9 vs. 48.7±3.2 and 84.0±3.8 vs. 48.7±3.2, all P < 0.05]. The arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) of blood gas index was significantly lower than that before assistance (mmHg: 44.2±2.6 vs. 71.7±4.4 for the right radial artery and 44.7±1.4 vs. 71.7±4.4 for the left radial artery in the group with few side holes; 46.2±2.1 vs. 71.2±3.5 for the right radial artery and 44.1±1.9 vs. 71.2±3.5 for the left radial artery in the group with multiple side holes, all P < 0.05). The partial pressure of oxygen in venous blood (PvO 2) of blood gas index of ECMO system in the group with few side holes was significantly lower than that of the multiport side holes group (mmHg: 56.4±3.2 vs. 88.7±1.5, P < 0.01), and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood (PvCO 2) was significantly higher than that of multiport side holes group (mmHg: 63.6±3.7 vs. 44.2±1.7, P < 0.01). Conclusions:When VA-ECMO is used in lung transplantation, the superior vena cava blood flow can be fully drained by using intravenous cannula with few side holes. It can effectively improve the oxygenation of the upper body of lung transplant patients, avoid the dilemma of hypoxemia in the upper body and hyperxemia in the lower body, provide more effective assistance to patients undergoing single lung transplantation, and is more meaningful for improving the oxygenation status of the whole body in patients undergoing single lung transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between tooth movement and profile change in patients with class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion.Methods:Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 42 patients [10 males and 32 females, (23.8±6.3) years old, mean treatment time: 1.9 years] with class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion were collected in Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2012 to November 2017. The patients were treated with extraction of four first premolars or two maxillary first premolars. Cephalometric analysis was carried out before and after treatment. Thirty parameters were measured. The changes of soft and hard tissue after orthodontic treatment and their correlations were analyzed using bivariate linear regression. Related factors affecting the upper and lower lip, nasolabial angle (NLA) and mentolabial angle (MLA) were analyzed according to the standardized regression coefficient ( Beta). Results:Among all the 30 parameters, 18 parameters were statistically different before and after treatment. After treatment, upper central incisor sagittal distance [(63.87±7.14) mm] and upper lip sagittal distance [(77.73±7.60) mm] were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The changes in 14 parameters after treatment showed linear relationship including strong positive correlation between upper lip sagittal retraction and upper central incisor sagittal retraction ( r=0.649, P<0.01). There were moderate positive correlations between upper lip and upper central incisor vertical movement ( r=0.544, P<0.01). While the sagittal change of gnathion and the Y-axis angle showed moderate negative correlations ( r=0.537, P<0.01). The stepwise multiple linear regression showed that the retraction of upper lip process was correlated with the retraction of upper central incisor, the increase of occlusal plane angle and the increase of upper central incisor angle, which was most correlated with the retraction of upper central incisor ( Beta=0.79). The downward displacement of upper lip process was correlated with the downward displacement of upper incisor, the decrease of upper central incisor angle, the decrease of the distance between maxillary first molar and palatal plane, and the increase of occlusal plane angle, which was more correlated with the downward displacement of upper incisor and the increase of occlusal plane angle ( Beta=0.59). The downward displacement of lower lip process was correlated with the downward displacement of upper incisor and lower incisor, which was more correlated with the upper incisor ( Beta=0.36). Conclusions:The relationship among nose, lips and chin was more coordinated. Incisor retraction had significant influence on lip prominence, and the lower lip position was highly related to the movement of upper incisor in sagittal and vertical dimension after orthodontic treatment in patients with class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion. However, tooth movement had limited impact on the chin position.

To explore the effect of Parkinson's syndrome on the survival of prosthesis after primary hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.
 Methods: A total of 81 elderly patients (81 hips) with femoral neck fracture and primary hip replacement surgery, who came from the Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Xiangtan City from January 1, 2009 to December 30, 2010, were retrospectively analyzed, including 36 males and 45 females. Sixteen patients with Parkinson's syndrome were selected as a Parkinson's syndrome group, and the other 65 patients were served as a control group. The survival status of the prosthesis was followed up to December 30, 2017 and it was compared between the 2 groups (average follow-up was 7.5 years).
 Results: During the follow-up period, 5 patients in the Parkinson's group underwent revision of the hip joint, and the reasons for revision were periprosthetic fracture in 4 patients and aseptic loosening in 1 patient, but there was no dislocation or infection. There were 7 cases of revision in the control group, including 1 case of infection, 4 cases of aseptic loosening, 1 case of periprosthetic fracture, and 1 case of dislocation. In the follow-up period, the revision rate was 31.2% in the Parkinson's group and 10.8% in the control group (P<0.05). Parkinsonism was a risk factor for hip revision (OR=3.77, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.15). The incidence of periprosthetic fractures in the Parkinson's group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the revision of the hip joint because of aseptic loosening, infection, and dislocation between the 2 groups (P>0.05).
 Conclusion: During an average of 7.5 years of follow-up, the older patients in the Parkinson's syndrome group have higher prosthetic failure rates after primary hip arthroplasty than those in the control group. The periprosthetic fractures are the most common causes. The development of individualized surgical procedures, the implementation of step-by-step rehabilitative exercises, and the suitable protective measures, and the enhancement of drug management and anti-osteoporosis treatment for Parkinson's syndrome may have positive implications for improving the survival of prosthesis in such patients.
Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Parkinson Disease ; Prosthesis Failure ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the migration and invasion behaviors of Hep-2 after the targeted knockdown of yes-associated protein (YAP). Methods: Hep-2 cells were knock-downed for YAP by shRNA as YAP-shRNA group, Hep-2 treated with non-specific shRNA as YAP-NC group, and Hep-2 with no treatment as control. Glucose uptake and lactate production in the cells were examined to assess Warburg effect. The migration and invasion behaviors of cells in three groups were observed. The expressions of vimentin and E-cadherin were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot. The statistical software GraphPad Prism 7.0 was used to analyze significance of data. Two tailed Student′ s t-tests was used to determine significance when only two groups were compared. P values of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Downregulation of YAP led to a obvious decrease in glucose uptake [(18.51±1.72)%] and lactate production [103.40±8.32] in Hep-2 cells compared with control [(41.20±1.11)% and 743.69±19.49, t=19.20 and 52.33, respectively, both P<0.01] and YAP-NC group [(39.60±0.78)% and 705.22±17.20, t=19.34 and 54.56, respectively, both P<0.01]. Compared with the control group (78.32±4.04) and YAP-NC group (77.28±3.11), the scratch healing ability of Hep-2 cells was significantly decreased in YAP-shRNA group (44.71±4.68). The P value was less than 0.01 (t=9.42 and 10.04). The number of cells with YAP-shRNA (33.30±4.19) passing through compartments was remarkable fewer than the control group (133.71±6.72) and YAP-NC group (126.32±4.21). The P value was less than 0.01 (t=21.96 and 27.13). The expression of E-cadherin protein in cells of YAP-shRNA group (6.16±0.11) was up-regulated compared with control (0.97±0.10, t=35.70, P<0.01) and YAP-NC group (1.13±0.09, t=36.28, P<0.01), while the expression of vimentin protein in cells of YAP-shRNA group (1.08±0.09) was down-regulated compared with control (5.67±0.12, t=29.91, P<0.01) and YAP-NC group (5.51±0.12, t=29.04, P<0.01). Conclusions The down-regulation of YAP in Hep-2 inhibits the migration and invasion of cells via suppressing Warburg and EMT program.

Objective To compare volar plating and nonoperative treatment for senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius. Methods From October 2012 to June 2015, 46 senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius ( AO types B and C ) were treated surgically or conservatively. Twenty old patients were managed by open reduction and fixation with a volar locked plate. They were 7 men and 13 women, with an average age of 67. 9 ± 10. 7 years, including 7 cases of AO type 23-B and 13 cases of AO type 23-C. Twenty-six patients were managed with closed reduction and plaster cast. They were 8 men and 18 women, with an average age of 66. 2 ± 11. 5 years, including 10 cases of AO type 23-B and 16 cases of AO type 23-C. The 2 groups were compared in terms of follow-up time, union time and wrist functional scores and complica-tions. Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in follow-up time ( P > 0. 05 ) . Fractures in the 2 groups all united about 11 weeks after surgery. According to Dienst scoring for reduction, the volar plating group had 13 excellent cases, 4 good ones, 2 fair ones and one poor case, with an excellent to good rate of 85. 0％ while the nonoperative group had 5 excellent cases, 10 good ones, 5 fair ones and 6 poor ones, with an excellent to good rate of 57. 7％. A significant difference was shown between the 2 groups ( P <0. 05 ) . At final follow-ups, the volar plating group had significantly lower Gartland & Werley wrist functional score ( 2. 16 ± 1. 82 ) and complication rate ( 30. 0％, 6/20 ) than the nonoperative group [ 6. 62 ± 3. 78 and 53. 8％( 14/26 ) , respectively ] ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion In treatment of senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius, volar locked plating may lead to better functional recovery and fewer complications than nonoper-ative management. However, one should take full account of the physical condition and preference of the patient when surgery is chosen.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) somatic mutations S310F and V777L in breast cancer patients.Methods HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L was screened in 338 consecutive patients with operable primary breast cancer using direct Sanger sequencing analysis.Results A total of 12 carriers of HER2 gene S310F and V777L mutations were found,10 were HER2-negative and 2 were HER2-positive.The median follow-up was 43 months (range from 1 to 61 months).4 were found with local or distant metastasis,and all were HER2-negative patients.Survival analysis found significantly lower survival rates in patients with S3 10F and V777L mutations than in non-carriers (RFS,unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]:5.89,95％ confidence interval [CI]:1.96-17.71,P ＜ 0.001;DRFS,unadjusted HR:5.53,95％ CI:1.56-19.55,P =0.003) and this difference was more manifest in the HER2-negative patients (RFS,unadjusted HR:8.93,95％ CI:2.79-28.62,P ＜ 0.001;DRFS,unadjusted HR:9.89,95％ CI:2.54-38.49,P ＜ 0.001).HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L are independent predictors of poor prognosis in breast cancer.Conclusion The prognosis of breast cancer patients carrying HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L is significantly worse than that of non-carriers,especially in HER2-negative patients.

Objective To investigate the changes of intestinal floras in elderly patients with first-episode untreated schizophrenia and to analyze the role of intestinal floras in schizophrenia .Methods Thirty elderly patients(≥60 years old) with first-episode un-treated schizophrenia treated in our hospital from July to October 2016 were selected as the observation group ,while 30 healthy peo-ple undergoing physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group .The bifidobacterium ,lactobacillus and bacteroides of stool samples in the two groups were tested by 16SrRNA real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) .Results The bifidobacterium content of stool samples in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ,while the bacteroides content was significantly higher than that in the control group ,moreover the ratios of bacteroides/lactobacillus and bacteroides/bifidobacterium in the observation group were significantly increased ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);the lactobacillus content had no obvious difference between the two groups .Conclusion The phenomena of intestinal flora disorder and intestinal flora disproportion exist in elderly patients with first-episode untreated schizophrenia .Intestinal flora may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia .

Objective To investigate the association of C3435T genetic polymorphism of MDR1 gene with paliperidone plasma concentration in the patients with schizophrenia by detecting the paliperidone plasma concentration change and C 3435T genetic pol‐ymorphism of MDR1 gene during medication process .Methods The paliperidone plasma concentration in 61 patients with schizo‐phrenia was detected by adopting the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry at the end of 1 ,2 ,4 ,6 weeks after medica‐tion .Meanwhile C3435T MDR1 genotype was determined by adopting the LDR‐PCR method .The paliperidone plasma concentra‐tions in the patients with different genotypes and different alleles were compared .Results Among 61 patients with schizophrenia , CC ,CT and TT genotypes accounted for 24 .59% (15/61) ,63 .30% (38/61) and 13 .11% (8/61) respectively ,in which the propor‐tion of heterozygote CT was significantly higher than that of homozygote CC and TT (P<0 .05) .The proportion of C and T allele were 55 .74% and 44 .26% respectively(P<0 .05) .The paliperidone plasma concentration at 4 detection time points in the patients with TT genotype at 4 time points was significantly higher than that in the patientis with CC genotype ,and paliperidone plasma concentration only at the end of 1 week in TT genotype was significantly higher than that in CT genotype ,CT genotype was higher than CC genotype (P<0 .05) .The paliperidone plasma concentration at 4 detection time points in the patients of T allele was higher than that in the patients with C allele ,but statistically significant difference was only found at the end of 1 week (P<0 .05) .Conclu‐sion The C3435T genetic polymorphism of MDR1 gene has certain relationship with paliperidone plasma concentration in the pa‐tients with schizophrenia .