OBJECTIVE To screen the potential active components of Polygonum orientale flower against myocardial ischemia- reperfusion injury （MIRI） in rats based on physiological and pathological states. METHODS SD rats were divided into normal control group， normal administration group， MIRI control group and MIRI administration group， with 5 rats in each group. After drug intervention or modeling and drug intervention， chromatographic separation plasma samples were collected， and chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry data collection were performed by using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The prototype components and metabolites were analyzed by comparing the reference substance maps， the maps of each plasma sample， and the relevant literature. At the same time， the common peaks in plasma samples of rats in normal administration group and MIRI administration group were identified. Combined with principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis， the differential transitional components were screened out according to the value of variable importance in the projection （VIP）＞1， to speculate the potential active components of P. orientale flower in rats under physiological and pathological states. The SD rats were divided into control group， MIRI group， positive control group （Compound danshen tablets 0.2 g/kg， 3 times a day）， and potentially active compound groups （10 mg/kg， twice a day）， with 5 rats in each group. The rats in administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， for 3 consecutive days. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， the leakages of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB （CK-MB） and cardiac troponin Ⅰ （cTnⅠ） in plasma were detected after the last administration. RESULTS Twenty-six main chromatographic peaks were obtained from the total ion chromatogram of the extract of P. orientale flower， and 14 of them were determined， including gallic acid， catechin， protocatechuic acid and so on. There were fifteen （including 6 absorbed prototype components and 9 metabolites） and nineteen transitional components （including 6 absorbed prototype components and 13 metabolites） in the plasma sample of normal rats and MIRI rats. Eight transitional components were detected in both normal rats and MIRI rats， and the VIP values of kaempferol glucuronidation metabolites， quercetin carbonylation metabolites and N-p-paprazine to the corresponding peak were higher than 1. Compared with MIRI group， the activities of SOD were increased significantly in the plasma of MIRI rats in each potential active compound group （P＜0.01）， and the leakages of LDH， CK-MB， and cTnⅠ in the plasma of MIRI rats were reduced significantly （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The potential anti-MIRI active components in extract of P. orientale flower are N-p-paprazine， quercetin， kaempferol and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside.

BACKGROUND:Nowadays,posterior cruciate ligament injury caused by a sports injury or vehicle injury is more common than people think.Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the main treatment methods,but there are still a lot of controversies about the surgical method and ligament selection of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the global application trend of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and identify promising research hotspots of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction based on bibliometrics and visual analysis. METHODS:Publications(articles and reviews)related to posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction from 2000 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science(WOS).The country,institution,publication year,author,journal,average citations per item,H index,title,keywords of publication,and the top 25 cited articles were extracted and analyzed in detail.The VOSviewer/citespace/Pajek software was used to analyze the co-occurrence result of keywords to predict the hotspots of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 664 articles were included.(1)In the past 22 years,the number of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction articles has shown an increasing trend in general.The top 3 countries(the USA,China,and South Korea)accounted for 65.51%of all articles published.The USA has the largest number of publications.The University of Pittsburgh is the largest contributor.Knee Surgery Sports Traumatol Arthrosc and American Journal of Sports Medicine are the most influential journals.Laprade,Robert F.is the professor who has published the most articles in the field of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,and Fanelli,GC is the professor who has the highest total chain strength in the field of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.(2)The research direction can be divided into the following five clusters:"posterior cruciate ligament anatomical and biomechanical studies","posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction prognosis,outcome,and complications","posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgical method and tendon selection","surgical technique",and"posterior cruciate ligament tear combined with multiple ligament injury".(3)It is concluded that in terms of the trend of previous years,an increasing number of articles related to posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction will be published in the future.The USA is a world leader in the field of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.China and South Korea presented great potential in this area.Anatomical and biomechanical research of posterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction methods and the selection of tendons may be the future hotspots in the field of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective:We aimed to develop a novel visualized model based on nomogram to predict postoperative overall survival.Methods:This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study, including participants with histologically confirmed gastric and colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery from 11 medical centers in China from August 1, 2015 to June 30, 2018. Baseline characteristics, histopathological data and nutritional status, as assessed using Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score and the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment, were collected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and Cox regression were used to identify variables to be included in the predictive model. Internal and external validations were performed.Results:There were 681 and 127 patients in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. A total of 188 deaths were observed over a median follow-up period of 59 (range: 58 to 60) months. Two independent predictors of NRS 2002 and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage were identified and incorporated into the prediction nomogram model together with the factor of age. The model's concordance index for 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival was 0.696, 0.724, and 0.738 in the training cohort and 0.801, 0.812, and 0.793 in the validation cohort, respectively.Conclusions:In this study, a new nomogram prediction model based on NRS 2002 score was developed and validated for predicting the overall postoperative survival of patients with gastric colorectal cancer. This model has good differentiation, calibration and clinical practicability in predicting the long-term survival rate of patients with gastrointestinal cancer after radical surgery.

Objective:To explore the clinical application of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) in an unique case with Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2+ 0.Methods:A special SMA family presented at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University on October 19, 2020 was selected as the study subject. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and molecular tagging linkage analysis were carried out to identify the SMN1 genotype of the couple and their fetus. Subsequently, next-generation sequencing (NGS), molecular tagging linkage analysis, and chromosomal microarray analysis were employed to determine the haplotypes and validate the result of PGT-M on the 11 embryos derived for the couple. Results:The female partner was identified as a carrier of the rare SMN1[2+ 0] variant, and prenatal diagnosis confirmed the fetus to be affected by SMA. Ultimately, PGT-M has successfully selected four embryos free from the pathogenic SMN1 variants and X chromosome deletion. Conclusion:PGT-M can effectively prevent the transmission of rare genetic variants such as the SMA 2+ 0 subtype in the families. Above finding has provided guidance for genetic counseling and family planning for the couple.

Objective To establish a PCR-based capillary electrophoresis(PCR/CE)to detect Survival Motor Neuron 1(SMN1)and Survival Motor Neuron 2(SMN2)genes and to evaluate its performance.Methods PCR/CE and Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification(MLPA)for SMA gene diagnosis were used to blindly test the samples in sync.The performance of PCR/CE was assessed using MLPA results as the standard.Results A total of 336 samples were included in this study,consisting of 50 homozygous deletion types(14.9%),65 heterozygous deletion types(19.3%),and 221 non-deletion types(65.8%).The results of PCR/CE for detect-ing SMN1 and SMN2 copy numbers(0,1,2,3,≥4)were in complete agreement with the results of the MLPA.Conclusions PCR/CE for gene testing related to SMA could accurately detect copy numbers of exon 7 and exon 8 of the SMN1 and SMN2 genes(0,1,2,3,≥4).

Objective:To explore the effect of modified Simiao Yong'an Decoction combined with conventional western medicine on lower limb hemodynamics in patients with low-risk diabetes foot (DF).Methods:This retrospective cohort study included 70 patients with infectious diabetic foot, between January 2015 and May 2019, and they were divided into control group and study group, with 35 in each group. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine, while the study group was treated with modified Simiao Yong'an Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks and followed up for 1 year. The levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and VEGF were detected by ELISA, the levels of blood viscosity, fibrinogen and HbAlc were detected by automatic hemorheological analyzer, the dorsal artery of foot was detected by color Doppler ultrasound, the diameter and blood flow velocity of dorsal artery of foot were recorded, and the conduction velocity of sural nerve and common peroneal nerve were detected by electromyography for recurrence rate calculation. And the clinical response rates were evaluated.Results:The total clinical response rate was 94.3% (33/35) in the study group and 77.1% (27/35) in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.20, P=0.040). After treatment, the bFGF [(177.15±7.96)ng/L vs. (158.87±7.21)ng/L, t=10.00], VEGF[(53.77±4.15)ng/L vs. (45.44±4.92)ng/L, t=7.66] levels in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the whole blood viscosity [(3.84±0.86)mPa?s vs. (4.56±0.99)mPa?s, t=3.25], fibrinogen [(3.59±0.78) g/L vs.(4.23±0.97)g/L, t=3.04]and HbAlc[(9.61±1.31)% vs. (10.85±1.82)%, t=3.27] levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the sural nerve conduction velocity [(39.42±5.11)m/s vs. (34.22±4.52)m/s, t=4.51], common peroneal nerve conduction velocity [(40.94±4.22)m/s vs. (35.52±3.72)m/s, t=5.70], blood vessel diameter [(2.21±0.60)mm vs. (1.92±0.52)mm, t=2.16], while the blood flow velocity [(55.89±5.84)cm/s vs. (52.95±5.85)cm/s, t=2.10] in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). During the follow-up, the recurrence rate was 21.21% (7/33) in the study group and 29.63% (8/27) in the control group. with out statistical significance between the two groups ( χ2=0.20, P=0.653). Conclusion:Modified Simiao Yong'an Decoction combined with conventional western medicine can improve lower limb blood circulation and nerve conduction velocity of low-risk DF patients, promote rehabilitation and reduce recurrence.

Objective To study the protective effect of aminophosphate on peripheral neurotoxicity in patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods Eighty patients receiving mFOLFOX6 regimen chemotherapy in the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2015 to February 2018 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into study group and control group according to random number table method.The control group was given mFOLFOX6 regimen for chemotherapy,while the study group was given intravenous infusion of amphostatin before using mFOLFOX6 regimen for chemotherapy.The occurrence of peripheral neurotoxicity,motor nerve conduction velocity (MSV),sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) levels of median nerve and peroneal nerve before and after chemotherapy,short-term efficacy and blood toxicity were compared between the two groups.Results The total incidence of peripheral neurotoxicity was 17.50％ (7/40) in the study group and 82.50％ (33/40) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =33.800;P =0.000).The SCV levels of median nerve and peroneal nerve in the study group after chemotherapy was (53.68±3.02) m/s,(54.96 ±3.01) m/s,and those in the control group were(45.17±3.07) m/s、(44.97±3.03) m/s,and the difference was statistically significant (t =12.498,14.794;P =0.000,0.000).There was no significant difference in the total effective rate (87.50％,35/40) between the study group and the control group(90.00％,36/40) (x2 =0.125;P =0.723).The total incidence of hematotoxicity was 42.50％ (17/40) in the study group and 77.50％ (31/40) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =10.208;P=0.000).Conclusion Amfostine has a better preventive effect on peripheral neurotoxicity incancer patients undergoing chemotherapy,which is conducive to reducing the risk of hematotoxicity.which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To understand the frequency distribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene single nucleotide polymor-phisms in Yunnan Han population.Methods CYP2C9(430C> T,1075A>C and 1080C> G)locus and VKORC1(-1639G> A and 1173C> T)locus gene polymorphisms in 202 samples were detected by adopting electrochemical gene sensor method,and the allele frequencies and genotype frequencies were performed the statistics and the gene polymorphism in relevant populations was an-alyzed.Results Among 202 samples,202 cases(100.0%)were genotype C/C at CYP2C9 * 2 locus,C allele frequency was 100.0%;185 cases(91.6%)were genotype A/A at CYP2C9*3 locus,15 cases(7.4%)were A/C genotype,2 cases(1.0%)were C/C genotype,A allele frequency was 95.3%,C allele frequency was 4.7%;CYP2C9*5 locus genotype C/C was in 202 cases (100.0%),C allele frequency was 100%;VKORC1 -1639G > A locus genotype A/A was in 145 cases(71.8%),57 cases (28.2%)were G/A genotype,A allele frequency was 85.9%,G was 14.1%;1173C> T locus genotype T/T was in 145 cases (71.8%),C/T gene type in 57 cases(28.2%),T allele frequency was 85.9%,and C was 14.1%.Conclusion The distribution of CYP2C9 gene in Yunnan Han population is similar to that in other regions of our country.The VKORC1 gene is different from the foreign population,Chinese Han nationality and partial minority nationalities.

Objective To investigate the correlation between inflammatory cells, body temperature changes, and TCM syndromes of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) patients in acute and subacute phases. Methods The data of age, gender, body temperature, blood routine, venous ultrasonography, and four diagnostic information of 130 DVT patients in acute and subcute phases were collected and analyzed in a cross-sectional study. The correlation between inflammatory cells and the changes of body temperature and TCM syndromes were analyzed. Results Among 130 DVT patients, 37 patients had damp-heat syndrome, 64 patients had blood stasis and dampness syndrome, and 29 patients had qi stagnation syndrome. Neutrophils increased most obviously in blood stasis and dampness syndrome (P<0.05), which had close correlation with the skin redness (OR=1.287, 95%CI: 9.412-21.247). The mononuclear cells increased most obviously in the damp-heat syndrome, which has close correlation with nouhof (OR=7.364, 95%CI:1.189–45.603), high skin temperature (OR=6.683, 95%CI:1.791–24.938), skin tightness (OR=6.107, 95%CI:1.423–26.203) and weakness (OR=3.302, 95%CI: 1.002–9.169). The temperature rising was the most common in the damp-heat syndrome, and the increase of mononuclear cells was the most common one. Conclusion DVT is often accompanied with elevated levels of inflammatory cells and body temperature. Damp-heat syndrome has close correlation with body temperature and mononuclear cells increasing. Dampness and blood stasis syndrome and neutrophils are closely related.

Objective To investigate the effect of hydrochloric acid (HCl) stimulation and mechanical stretch on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hyaluronan (HA) production in human lung epithelial cells. Methods Human lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was cultured in vitro, which was divided into phosphate-buffer saline (PBS) + static group, HCl + static group, PBS + stretch group, and HCl + stretch group respectively in the logarithmic phase. The BEAS-2B cells in two stretching groups were challenged by cyclic stretch with 20% amplitude, frequency of 0.33 Hz, sine wave of the FX-5000T system for 48 hours. The morphology changes in cells before and after stretch were observed with inverted microscope. The protein expressions of epithelial markers E-cadherin and cytokeratin-8 (CK-8) as well as mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were determined by Western Blot. The secretion of HA was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results ① It was shown by microscopic observation that BEAS-2B cells displayed cobblestone morphology, linked closely and cell polarity in PBS + static group, which did not change obviously after HCl stimulation alone. Given purely mechanical stretch after 48 hours, the cells morphology changed from cobblestone shape into long spindle, and increased intercellular space obviously. Double hit of HCl and stretch changed the cells morphology more significantly. ② It was shown by Western Blot that compared with the PBS + static group, HCl alone or combined with purely mechanical stretch after 48 hours, the expressions of E-cadherin and CK-8 were decreased, while those of vimentin and α-SMA were increased, and it was more pronounced in HCl + stretch group [the expression quantity (gray value) as base 1 in PBS + static group, E-cadherin: 0.16±0.08 vs. 1, CK-8: 0.10±0.03 vs. 1, vimentin: 3.35±0.38 vs. 1, α-SMA: 3.10±0.45 vs. 1, all P < 0.01]. ③ It was shown by ELISA that both HCl stimulation and stretch could induce BEAS-2B cells secreting HA as compared with PBS + static group (μg/L: 55.763±0.687, 63.005±0.493 vs. 49.876±1.867), and the production of HA increased more remarkably after double hit (μg/L: 78.220±1.085 vs. 49.876±1.867, P < 0.01). Conclusions Both HCl and mechanical stretch could induce EMT and increase HA secretion in human lung epithelial cells in vitro. Double hit of HCl stimulation and mechanical stretch induced EMT apparently, and further increased the production of HA.