Bone defects caused by different causes such as trauma, severe bone infection and other factors are common in clinic and difficult to treat. Usually, bone substitutes are required for repair. Current bone grafting materials used clinically include autologous bones, allogeneic bones, xenografts, and synthetic materials, etc. Other than autologous bones, the major hurdles of rest bone grafts have various degrees of poor biological activity and lack of active ingredients to provide osteogenic impetus. Bone marrow contains various components such as stem cells and bioactive factors, which are contributive to osteogenesis. In response, the technique of bone marrow enrichment, based on the efficient utilization of components within bone marrow, has been risen, aiming to extract osteogenic cells and factors from bone marrow of patients and incorporate them into 3D scaffolds for fabricating bone grafts with high osteoinductivity. However, the scientific guidance and application specification are lacked with regard to the clinical scope, approach, safety and effectiveness. In this context, under the organization of Chinese Orthopedic Association, the Expert consensus for the clinical application of autologous bone marrow enrichment technique for bone repair ( version 2023) is formulated based on the evidence-based medicine. The consensus covers the topics of the characteristics, range of application, safety and application notes of the technique of autologous bone marrow enrichment and proposes corresponding recommendations, hoping to provide better guidance for clinical practice of the technique.

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Consensus ; SARS-CoV-2 ; China

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Tongxinluo capsule combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of angina pectoris and its effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).Methods:From September 2017 to September 2019, 174 patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in the First People's Hospital of Hangzhou were divided into control group and treatment group according to the random digital table method, with 87 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with Tongxinluo capsule and atorvastatin, while the control group was treated with atorvastatin.The course of treatment in both two groups was 12 weeks.The number of angina pectoris attack, angina pectoris attack time, MMP-9, ET-1 and hs-CRP levels were compared between the two groups before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment.Results:The number of angina attacks in the observation group was (2.17±0.67)times/week, which was lower than that in the control group [(3.41±0.52)times/week] ( t=13.637, P<0.05). The duration of angina pectoris in the observation group [(1.72±0.43)min/time] was lower than that in the control group [(2.89±0.56)min/time] ( t=14.457, P<0.05). The plasma MMP-9[(236.21±37.49)μg/L], ET-1[(43.57±8.10)ng/L] and hs-CRP [(2.64±0.41)mg/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(328.39±45.21) μg/L, (58.73±5.46)ng/L and (3.82±0.56)mg/L] ( t=14.693, 14.476, 15.858, all P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group (91.95%) was higher than that of the control group (78.16%) (χ 2=6.511, P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (8.05%) was lower than that in the control group (20.69%)(χ 2=5.652, P<0.05). Conclusion:Tongxinluo capsule combined with atorvastatin is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease.It can reduce the levels of MMP-9, ET-1 and hs-CRP in plasma, and has no obvious adverse reactions.

BACKGROUND: AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have explored the association between retinal vascular changes and cognitive impairment. The retinal vasculature shares some characteristics with the cerebral vasculature, and quantitative changes in it could indicate cognitive impairment. Hence, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to clarify the potential relationship between retinal vascular geometric changes and cognitive impairment. METHODS: Relevant databases were scrupulously and systematically searched for retinal vascular geometric changes including caliber, tortuosity, and fractal dimension (FD), and for cognitive impairment. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of included studies. RevMan was used to perform the meta-analysis and detect publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS: Five studies that involved 2,343 subjects were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no significant association between central retinal artery equivalents (Z=1.17) or central retinal venular equivalents (Z=1.74) and cognitive impairment (both p>0.05). Similarly, no significant difference was detected in retinal arteriolar tortuosity (Z=0.91) and venular tortuosity (Z=1.31) (both p>0.05). However, the retinal arteriolar FD (mean difference: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.01) and venular FD (mean difference: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.05, −0.02) were associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS A smaller retinal microvascular FD might be associated with cognitive impairment. Further large-sample and well-controlled original studies are required to confirm the present findings.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of bilobed skin flap with peroneal artery perforation in repairing postoperative defects of tongue cancer and oral floor cancer.Methods:Six patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (4 males and 2 females, aged 28-72 years) admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Benbu Medical College from May 2017 to December 2019 were repaired with the peroneal artery perforator bilobed flap, one lobe repaired the tongue, and the other repaired the floor of the mouth. The donor area is directly closed and sutured. Postoperative follow-up was conducted to observe tumor recurrence and metastasis, and the patient’s appearance, mouth opening, swallowing function, speech function and lower limb recovery were evaluated.Results:All the 6 flaps survived. One of the patients had a single flap because the pedicle of the perforator vessel was not long enough. The other 5 cases were repaired with bilobed leaf flap. All the flaps survived and the wound surface healed in the first stage. One case was infected with effusion after operation, which was healed by washing and dressing change. The donor area can be sutured directly. No tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred 6 months after surgery. Speech, swallowing and lower limb movement basically returned to normal, facial morphology was basically symmetrical, and the degree of opening Ⅱ-Ⅲ. Six months after the operation, 5 patients with bilobed valve returned to a nearly normal state with a degree of opening Ⅱ-Ⅲ. One patient with single lobe recovered moderately, but speech and swallowing were still restricted. In 6 cases, the donor scar was concealed and the lower limb was basically normal.Conclusions:The bilobed flap with peroneal artery perforation can be used to repair postoperative defects of tongue carcinoma and floor of mouth carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of bilobed skin flap with peroneal artery perforation in repairing postoperative defects of tongue cancer and oral floor cancer.Methods:Six patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (4 males and 2 females, aged 28-72 years) admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Benbu Medical College from May 2017 to December 2019 were repaired with the peroneal artery perforator bilobed flap, one lobe repaired the tongue, and the other repaired the floor of the mouth. The donor area is directly closed and sutured. Postoperative follow-up was conducted to observe tumor recurrence and metastasis, and the patient’s appearance, mouth opening, swallowing function, speech function and lower limb recovery were evaluated.Results:All the 6 flaps survived. One of the patients had a single flap because the pedicle of the perforator vessel was not long enough. The other 5 cases were repaired with bilobed leaf flap. All the flaps survived and the wound surface healed in the first stage. One case was infected with effusion after operation, which was healed by washing and dressing change. The donor area can be sutured directly. No tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred 6 months after surgery. Speech, swallowing and lower limb movement basically returned to normal, facial morphology was basically symmetrical, and the degree of opening Ⅱ-Ⅲ. Six months after the operation, 5 patients with bilobed valve returned to a nearly normal state with a degree of opening Ⅱ-Ⅲ. One patient with single lobe recovered moderately, but speech and swallowing were still restricted. In 6 cases, the donor scar was concealed and the lower limb was basically normal.Conclusions:The bilobed flap with peroneal artery perforation can be used to repair postoperative defects of tongue carcinoma and floor of mouth carcinoma.

To evaluate the clinical effect of application of free peroneal artery perforator flap in repairing postoperative tissue defect after resection of oral maxillary malignant tumor. Methods From January, 2016 to June, 2018, 14 patients with maxillary malignant tumor were treated with tumor excision. Then the free per-oneal artery perforator flap was used to reconstruct tissue defect caused by tumorectomy. There were 6 cases of squa-mous-cell carcinoma of palatine, 2 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of palatine, and 6 cases of maxillagingiva squa-mous cell carcinoma. The incised area of flap was 4.0 cm×5.0 cm to 7.0 cm×8.0 cm. There were 5 cases of hard palate soft tissue defect repair and 9 cases of simultaneous repair of soft and hard palate. Followed-up by outpatient service in 3-12 months after operation, postoperative maxillamorphology, phonetic function, swallow function, opening degree and prognosis of the patients were evaluated. Results All 14 implanted flaps were alive.One flap had vas-cular crisis, and rescued by surgical exploration and timely rescue.Three flaps were prolonged healing.All donor sites were sutured directly.All surgical incisions healed primarily.Half a year after the operation, the appearance of maxilla was formed gradually. The phonetic function, swallowing function, opening degree and movement of lower leg were all recovered normal. One year after the operation, epithelization was done in 6 cases. And there was no tumor recur-rence.Conclusion The peroneal artery perforator flap has long vascular pedicle, larg diameter, high survival rate after vascular anastomosis and relatively concealed donor area. It can be used to repair and reconstruct the tissue defect in maxillary malignant tumor resection and achieved good result.

Objective    To compare the clinical effect of three operations for one-stage radical correction of small left ventricle in children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 120 patients with left ventricular dysplasia and TOF undergoing one-stage radical surgery in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2004 to May 2017. According to the different types of operation used, they were divided into 3 groups, including a routine group (30 patients, 16 males and 14 females, aged 11.58±2.05 months ranging from 3-24 months), a large patch group (40 patients, 22 males, 18 females, aged 11.22±2.24 months ranging from 3-25 months) who were treated with a large patch, and an enlarged ventricular septal defect group (50 patients, 26 males, 24 females, aged 10.17±2.15 months ranging from 3-22 months) using new left ventricular enlargement technique to enlarge ventricular septal defect. The clinical effect of the three operations were compared. Results    The incidence of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (6.0% vs. 40.0% vs. 50.0%, P<0.05), renal failure (4.0% vs. 37.5% vs. 46.7%, P<0.05), infection rate (10.0% vs. 50.0% vs. 66.7%, P<0.05), mortality (2.0% vs. 12.5% vs. 20.0%, P<0.05), ventilator-assisted time (8.34±5.24 h vs. 36.14±10.91 h vs. 38.58±10.12 h, P<0.05), ICU stay (4.13±1.01 d vs. 7.64±2.11 d vs. 8.03±3.03 d, P<0.05), hospital stay (10.48±4.26 d vs. 21.02±3.23 d vs. 22.52±2.93 d, P<0.05) and hospitalization costs (51 300±9 400 yuan vs. 103 200±39 300 yuan vs. 115 500±35 200 yuan, P<0.05) were less in the enlarged ventricular septal defect group compared with the other two groups. Conclusion    The clinical effect of enlarged ventricular septal defect is better than that of the routine and large patch methods, and long-term efficacy should be further followed up.

Chemotherapy is one of the traditional tumors treatment solutions.Chemotherapy has the feature of tissue non-specificity,which can cause side effects on normal cells while inhibiting tumor cell growth.Magnetic targeting drug delivery system (MTDDS) employs biocompatible and stable magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as drug carries to transport and accumulate anticancer drugs to the specific tumor tissues under the guidance of external magnetic field.This technology not only improves the efficiency of drug delivery and antitumor activity,but also reduces the drug dosage and side effects.The properties of drug-loaded MNPs and the applied external magnetic field are the main factors that affecting the MNPs targeting to the tumor tissues.The effectiveness of the targeted delivery of the drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles mainly depends on the form and strength of the magnetic field at the target site.That is,whether there is sufficient strength to attract and retain NMPs,and to promote antitumor drug release at the tumor region.In this paper,the research progress of static magnetic field targeting drug delivery system in tumor diagnosis and therapy was summarized,which can provide some basic information for the relative scientific researches.

The scientificalness of page quality assessment was improved by adding the page vote fraction and the user satisfaction with page according to the time perception-based PageRank Algorithm. The individualized retrieval was realized by adding the users-interested model that was matched with page types and by moving up the users-interested page rank.