Patients with congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD) manifest diverse symptoms from normospermia to azoospermia. Treatment for CUAVD patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) is complicated, and there is a lack of relevant reports. In this study, we describe the clinical features and evaluate the treatments and outcomes of CUAVD patients with OA. From December 2015 to December 2020, 33 patients were diagnosed as CUAVD with OA in Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai, China). Patient information, ultrasound findings, semen analysis, hormone profiles, and treatment information were collected, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated. Of 33 patients, 29 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Vasoepididymostomy (VE) or cross VE was performed in 12 patients, the patency rate was 41.7% (5/12), and natural pregnancy was achieved in one of the patients. The other 17 patients underwent testicular sperm extraction as the distal vas deferens (contralateral side) was obstructed. These findings showed that VE or cross VE remains an alternative treatment for CUAVD patients with OA, even with a relatively low rate of patency and natural pregnancy.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Vas Deferens/abnormalities* ; Azoospermia/surgery* ; Epididymis/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; China ; Semen

Objective: To evaluate and compare the short-term efficacy of domestic mechanical-locked (Clip2Edge) and elastic self-locked (ValveClip) transcranial mitral valve edge-to-edge interventional repair (TEER) devices in the treatment of functional mitral regurgitant valves. Methods: In this retrospective non-randomized comparative study, patients underwent TEER procedure in Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Hospital from May 2022 to April 2023 for heart failure combined with moderate to severe or severe functional mitral valve were divided into Clip2Edge and ValveClip groups based on the TEER system used. Baseline, perioperative, and postoperative 30 d follow-up data were collected and compared between the two groups. The primary outcome was the success rate on the 30 d post operation, while secondary outcomes included immediate postoperative technical success rate and the incidence of all-cause mortality on the 30 d post operation, readmission rate of acute heart failure, cerebral infarction, severe bleeding, and other serious adverse events rates. Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled, 34 patients were in the Clip2Edge group and 26 in the ValveClip group, mean age was (63.8±9.3) years, and 24 patients (40%) were female. There were no significant differences in baseline data of age, cardiac function, comorbidities, mitral regurgitation 4+(19(73%) vs. 29(85%)), the end-diastolic volume of left ventricle ((220.8±91.2) ml vs. (210.8±71.7) ml) between the two groups (all P>0.05). The technical success rate immediately after the procedure was 100%. There were no readmission of acute heart failure, death, cerebral infarction, severe bleeding, and other serious adverse events up to the 30 d follow-up. Device success rate was similar between the ValveClip group (24 cases (100%)) and the Clip2Edge group (27 cases (96%)) (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both types of novel domestic TEER devices are safe and feasible in treating patients with functional mitral regurgitation.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; East Asian People ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Heart Failure/etiology* ; Cardiac Catheterization

Objective: To evaluate and compare the short-term efficacy of domestic mechanical-locked (Clip2Edge) and elastic self-locked (ValveClip) transcranial mitral valve edge-to-edge interventional repair (TEER) devices in the treatment of functional mitral regurgitant valves. Methods: In this retrospective non-randomized comparative study, patients underwent TEER procedure in Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Disease Hospital from May 2022 to April 2023 for heart failure combined with moderate to severe or severe functional mitral valve were divided into Clip2Edge and ValveClip groups based on the TEER system used. Baseline, perioperative, and postoperative 30 d follow-up data were collected and compared between the two groups. The primary outcome was the success rate on the 30 d post operation, while secondary outcomes included immediate postoperative technical success rate and the incidence of all-cause mortality on the 30 d post operation, readmission rate of acute heart failure, cerebral infarction, severe bleeding, and other serious adverse events rates. Results: A total of 60 patients were enrolled, 34 patients were in the Clip2Edge group and 26 in the ValveClip group, mean age was (63.8±9.3) years, and 24 patients (40%) were female. There were no significant differences in baseline data of age, cardiac function, comorbidities, mitral regurgitation 4+(19(73%) vs. 29(85%)), the end-diastolic volume of left ventricle ((220.8±91.2) ml vs. (210.8±71.7) ml) between the two groups (all P>0.05). The technical success rate immediately after the procedure was 100%. There were no readmission of acute heart failure, death, cerebral infarction, severe bleeding, and other serious adverse events up to the 30 d follow-up. Device success rate was similar between the ValveClip group (24 cases (100%)) and the Clip2Edge group (27 cases (96%)) (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both types of novel domestic TEER devices are safe and feasible in treating patients with functional mitral regurgitation.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; East Asian People ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Heart Failure/etiology* ; Cardiac Catheterization

Objective:To construct the recombinant DNA E.coli ghosts (EBGs) expressing Treponema pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and determine its immunocompetence in immunized mice,and provide a potential novel method for syphilis vaccine developing.Methods:The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/Tp0751 was constructed and loaded into empty EBGs to create pcD/Tp0751-BG.The loading rate was determined accordingly.Macrophages cell line RAW264.7 was transfected with pcD/Tp0751-BG,and the expression of recombinant Tp0751(rTp0751) protein was detected by Western blot(WB).For immuno-competence in mice,the female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups,including three control groups,A (PBS),B (EBG),C (empty pcDNA),and experimental group D(naked pcD/Tp0751),E (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and F (pcD/Tp0751-BG+rTp0751).All the mice were immunized as indicated for three times by intramuscular injection at two weeks intervals.The levels of specific IgG in sera and SIgA in genital tract lavage fluid were measured by ELISA.Levels of lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ secretion in spleen cells were measured by CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit and ELISA as well,respectively.Results:The loading rate of pcD/Tp0751 to EBGs was 76.1%.WB showed that the target recombinant protein pcD/Tp0751 expressed in RAW264.7 cells was active with Tp-infected rabbit sera.The titers of specific IgG and SIgA in group D,E,F gradually increased to significantly higher level as compared to the control groups (P<0. 01),which reached its peak at wk 8 after last immunization(the titers of IgG and SIgA were 1 :102 400 and 1 :12 800 in group F,respectively). Higher levels of specific IgG and SIgA were observed in groups E and F as compared to group D after first boost (P<0. 01),with groups F higher than group E after last boost(P<0. 01). At wk 8 after the last boost,the stimulation index (SI) and levels of IFN-γ in group D,E,F were all significant higher than the control groups (P<0. 01), with group E and F higher than group D (P<0. 01),and group E higher than group F (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The recombinant DNA EBGs of T. pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/ Tp0751-BG) possesses the immunocompetence to induce not only strong mucosal and systemic humoral immune response but also systemic cellular immune response in BALB/ c mice. The heterologous boost can be more efficient than homologous boost during immunization process.

To evaluate the promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis effects of Danshen-Honghua(DH) herb pair with different preparations (alcohol, 50% alcohol and water) on blood rheology and coagulation functions in acute blood stasis rats, and optimize the best preparation method of DH based on principal component analysis(PCA), hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods. Ice water bath and subcutaneous injection of adrenaline were both used to establish the acute blood stasis rat model. Then the blood stasis rats were administrated intragastrically with DH (alcohol, 50% alcohol and water) extracts. The whole blood viscosity(WBV), plasma viscosity(PV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and haematocrit(HCT) were tested to observe the effects of DH herb pair with different preparations and doses on hemorheology of blood stasis rats; the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), thrombin time(TT), prothrombin time(PT), and plasma fibrinogen(FIB) were tested to observe the effects of DH herb pair with different preparations on blood coagulation function and platelet aggregation of blood stasis rats. Then PCA, hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods were all used to comprehensively evaluate the total promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis effects of DH herb pair with different preparations. The hemorheological indexes and coagulation parameters of model group had significant differences with normal blank group. As compared with the model group, the DH herb pair with different preparations at low, middle and high doses could improve the blood hemorheology indexes and coagulation parameters in acute blood stasis rats with dose-effect relation. Based on the PCA, hierarchical cluster heatmap analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods, the high dose group of 50% alcohol extract had the best effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Under the same dose but different preparations, 50% alcohol DH could obviously improve the hemorheology and blood coagulation function in acute blood stasis rats. These results suggested that DH herb pair with different preparations could obviously ameliorate the abnormality of hemorheology and blood coagulation function in acute blood stasis rats, and the optimized preparation of DH herb pair on promoting blood effects was 50% alcohol extract, providing scientific basis for more effective application of the DH herb pair in modern clinic medicine.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of bladder hyperactivity in Huzhou city,Zhejiang prov-ince.Methods 1 872 patients aged over 50 years old male residents were selected as research subjects in Huzhou. To investigate the prevalence of bladder hyperactivity in the elderly male population in the local area.The correlation between age,IPSS score,body mass index,diabetes and the bladder was investigated.Results In 1 872 cases,the data were complete and in accordance with the requirements of this study were 1 863 cases.1 863 cases,505 patients with bladder hyperactivity,bladder disease prevalence was 27.1%.Bladder hyperactivity patients with IPSS score (17.9 ±8.1 )points,prostate volume (36.6 ±18.5 )mL,QOL score (3.6 ±1.1 )points,residual urine volume (26.9 ±3.5 )mL in the bladder,were higher than those with non bladder hyperactivity,IPSS score (3.2 ± 16.8)points,prostate volume (28.1 ±1.3)mL,QOL score (2.3 ±1.8)points,the differences were statistically sig-nificant (t =7.277,5.910,19.814,2.406,P <0.01 -0.05).Qmax(12.6 ±6.3)mL/s in the patients with bladder hyperactivity was significantly lower than Qmax(17.1 ±7.4)mL/s of non bladder hyperactivity,and the difference was statistically significant (t =3.577,P <0.01).With the increasing age of male population,the prevalence of blad-der diseases was increased.With the increase of IPSS score,the incidence rate of bladder excessive activity increased. Diabetes,higher body mass index,the incidence of bladder excessive activity was higher.Conclusion Men with blad-der hyperactivity disorder has higher prevalence in Huzhou city,Zhejiang province.Age,lower urinary tract symptoms, diabetes,obesity are the risk factors in the incidence of bladder disease.

The combination of Danggui and Honghua (GH) is a popular herb pair commonly used in clinic for the treatment of blood stasis syndrome in China. To evaluate the activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effects of the combination of different proportions of Danggui and Honghua on acute blood stasis rats, and optimize the proportion of GH to have the best activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effect. Acute blood stasis rat model was induced by subcutaneous injection of adrenaline and ice water bath. The blood stasis rats were administrated intragastrically with GH (1 : 0, 4 : 1, 2 : 1, 3 : 2, 1 : 1, 2 : 3, 1: 2, 1 : 4 and 0 : 1) extracts. The whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), and high shear whole blood relative index (HSWBRI), low shear whole blood relative index (LSWBRI), and erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI) were tested to observe the effects of GH on hemorheology of blood stasis rats. And the maximum aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was tested to observe the effect of GH on platelet aggregation index of blood stasis rats. In addition, the prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and plasma fibrinogen (FIB) were tested to observe the effects of GH on blood coagulation function of blood stasis rats. Then principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods were both used to comprehensively evaluate the total activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis effects of GH. The results showed that the hemorheological indexes and coagulation parameters of model group both had significant differences with normal group. Compared with model group, GH (1 : 0, 4 : 1, 2: 1, 3 : 2, 1 : 1, 2 : 3, 1 : 2, 1 : 4 and 0 : 1) could improve all the blood hemorheology indexes and regulate part indexes of blood coagulation function and platelet aggregation in acute blood stasis rats. Based on principal component analysis and multi-attribute comprehensive index methods, GH 1 : 1 and GH 3 : 2 both had the best effect of blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, and the effect of GH 1 : 1 was slightly better than GH 3 : 2. These results suggest that GH could obviously ameliorate the abnormality of hemorheology and blood coagulation function in acute blood stasis rats. The optimized proportion of GH was consistent with regulations of medicine usage that GH 1 : 1 had the highest frequency used in traditional Chinese formulae. It could provide scientific basis for more effective application of the compatibility between Danggui and Honghua in modern clinic medicine.
Animals ; Blood Coagulation ; Blood Viscosity ; Carthamus tinctorius ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Erythrocyte Aggregation ; Hemorheology ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Platelet Aggregation ; Principal Component Analysis ; Prothrombin Time ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thrombin Time

Ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and the Metabolynx™ software, combined with mass defect filtering, were applied to identity the metabolites of quercetin-3-O-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-(4→1)-α-L-rhamnoside (QGR) in rats after intravenous administration. MS(E) was used for simultaneous acquisition of precursor ion information and fragment ion data at high and low collision energy in one analytical run, which facilitated the rapid structural characterization of eight metabolites in rat plasma, urine and bile. The results indicated that methylation and glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of QGR in vivo. The present study provided important information about the metabolism of QGR which will be useful for fully understanding the mechanism of action of this compound. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the potential of the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS approach using Metabolynx for rapid and automated research of the metabolites of natural products.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Plant Extracts ; metabolism ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To explore the forensic pathological features of death caused by anaphylactic shock. METHODS: One hundred and forty-two death cases of anaphylactic shock were retrospectively analyzed. The IgE level in the serum of anaphylactic shock cases were statistically compared with that of 62 non-anaphylactic shock cases. RESULTS: Most cases (77.46%) of anaphylactic shock death occurred in the medical institutes, with intravenous drug administration accounting for 53.53% of anaphylactic shock death. β-Lactam antibiotics, glucocorticoid and herbal medications were responsible for a significant proportion of such cases. Although characteristic histopathological changes were absent in vast majority of these anaphylactic shock cases, the differences of IgE levels in the serum between anaphylactic shock group and non-anaphylactic shock group were statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Combined information including clinical data, autopsy results, IgE level, and other specific test results should be evaluated together in the forensic pathological diagnosis of anaphylactic shock.
Anaphylaxis ; Autopsy ; Cause of Death ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Retrospective Studies ; Serum

OBJECTIVETo study the pharmacodynamic interaction of nourishing and tonifying blood effects of the herb pair consisting of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong by response surface method.

METHODSThe blood deficiency rat model was induced by injecting N-acetylphenylhydrazine and cyclophosphamide. The effects of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong in different proportions (0:1, 1:5, 2:5, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 5:2, 5:1, and 1:0) and at different concentrations on the peripheral blood index and the organ indices were observed. Then all indices were integrated to the total nourishing effect value by comprehensive index method. The interaction was analyzed by response surface method. The model parameters were estimated with nonlinear regression. The three-dimensional response surfaces were constructed with Matlab Software.

RESULTSIn the response surface, most compatibility of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong showed synergistic action, some showed addition action, and few of them showed obvious antagonist action. The proportion of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong from 4:1 to 2:1 and the dose of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong from low to high showed addition action, while the other proportions showed obvious addition action at low dose and synergistic action at high dose.

CONCLUSIONSThe research results could provide scientific evidence for reasonable application of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong in clinics of Chinese medicine. The quantitative analysis on drug interactions of herbal compatibility by response surface method could provide reference for relative studies.

Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR