Objective The purpose of this study was to explore a suitable method to model no-reflow phenomenon following ischemic stroke and to evaluate perfusion decrease from multiple perspectives.Methods Laser scatter contrast imaging and two-photon live imaging were used to compare transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice and perfusion alterations in BALB/c mice with 1 or 1.5 h of ischemia.Several imaging techniques including laser scatter contrast imaging,low and higher magnification images of perfused brain slices and two-photon microscopy to monitor erythrocyte flow rate and flux were used to assess in vivo dynamics as well as whole brain sections and microvasculature for decreased cerebral perfusion after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.Infarct size and behavioral deficits were assessed with microtubule-associated protein 2 staining and behavioral scoring.Results In C57BL/6 mice,most capillaries in the middle cerebral artery region remained flowing during ischemia,whereas most capillaries were blocked in BALB/c mice.In addition,cortical perfusion at 24 h of recanalization was significantly reduced to 76.1%of baseline following 1.5 h of ischemia in BALB/c mice(P=0.046 compared with the sham group),whereas for it was reduced to 79.9%following 1h of ischemia which was not significantly different from the sham group(P=0.299).Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in BALB/c mice for 1.5 h resulted in a reduction in whole-brain perfusion to 75.1%(P＜0.001 compared with the sham group),and erythrocyte flow rate assessed by two-photon live-imaging of erythrocyte flow on the cortical surface of the middle cerebral artery basin was reduced to 50.3%of baseline levels at 24 h of recanalization(P=0.010 compared with the sham group),and erythrocyte flux decreased to 38.9%of baseline levels(P= 0.010 compared with the sham group);high-magnification imaging of sections assessed an approximately 76%reduction in the length of capillaries with perfusion(P=0.0001 compared with the sham group),and a reduction in the fraction of the total volume occupied by perfused capillaries by an approximately 76%reduction(P＜0.001 compared with the sham-operated group).Microtubule-associated protein 2 staining suggested that transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1.5 h in BALB/c mice resulted in infarcts that accounted for approximately 36%of the total cerebral area and behavioral scores elevated to 9,suggesting behavioral deficits.Conclusion Transient ischemia in BALB/c mice for 1.5 h resulted in a significant decrease in cerebral perfusion as well as capillary no-reflow and thus can model the no-reflow phenomenon following ischemic stroke.The combination of laser scatter contrast imaging,low magnification and higher magnification images of perfused brain slices,and two-photon microscopy live imaging allows for a multifaceted assessment of perfusion changes.

Objective:To explore the optimal index of rotational displacement of femoral neck fractures by modeling the axial rotational displacement of femoral neck fractures after reduction and based on X-ray projections.Methods:Six dry human femur specimens, comprising 2 males and 4 females, were utilized in the study. Design and manufacture a proximal femur ortholateral and oblique X-ray casting jigs and mounts. The femoral neck fracture was modeled on the femoral specimen, with Pauwells 30°, 50°, and 70° models (2 each) made according to Pauwells typing. The fractures were manually repositioned with residual anterior 20°, 40° and 60° axial rotational displacements. Each fracture model was projected at different angles (pedicled 40°, pedicled 20°, vertical 0°, cephalad 20°, and cephalad 40°), and the trabecular angle and Garden's alignment index of the model were measured to observe the imaging characteristics of the fracture line on the medial oblique and lateral oblique radiographs.Results:In the presence of a 20° and 40° anterior rotational displacement following reduction of a femoral neck fracture, the trabecular angle in the rotationally displaced group was not significantly different from that of the anatomically repositioned group in various projection positions. However, when a residual rotational displacement of 60° was present, the trabeculae appeared blurred at most projection angles in the Pauwells 30° and 50° models, failing to measure trabecular angles. In the Pauwells 70° fracture model, the trabecular angle in the rotational displacement group was significantly different from that in the anatomical reduction group. In anteroposterior radiographs, when the anterior rotation displacement was 60° in the Pauwells 70° group, Garden's contralateral index showed an unsatisfactory restoration (150°, 142°), whereas all rotationally displaced models in the Pauwells 30° and Pauwells 50° groups had a Garden's contralateral index of >155°, which achieved an acceptable restoration. In lateral radiographs, all rotational displacement models with Garden's alignment index>180° failed to achieve acceptable repositioning, and the larger the Pauwells angle the greater the Garden's alignment index at the same rotational displacement. In the internal oblique position with a bias towards the foot side, the image showed partial overlap between the femoral head and the shaft, making it difficult to assess the quality of the reduction. Conversely, when projected cephalad, the femoral neck appeared longer, particularly at a projection angle of 40° cephalad, allowing for clear observation of the fracture line and the anatomy of the proximal femur. The trabeculae were not well visualized in the external oblique position.Conclusion:There are limitations in applying the trabecular angle to assess the axial rotational displacement of the femoral head after reduction of femoral neck fractures. The Pauwells 70° with residual rotational anterior displacement of 60° was the only way to detect axial rotational displacement of the femoral head on anteroposterior radiographs Garden's alignment index. For the determination of axial rotational displacement of the femoral head, the Garden's alignment index on lateral radiographs provides higher reliability.

Cancer therapy-related thrombopenia,which is called"medicinal poison purpura"in tradi-tional Chinese medicine,is a common hematologic adverse reaction during oncology treatment that is dif-ficult to treat due to the differences in oncology treatments and the complexity of the pathogenesis,resul-ting in various degrees of thrombocytopenia.Based on the theory that"spleen controlling blood",this pa-per believes that"medicinal poison purpura"is mainly caused by direct damage to the blood and qi by medicinal poison,leading to qi and blood deficiency;it also attacks the spleen and stomach,resulting in the deficiency of spleen qi and no source of qi and blood production.Due to the spleen deficiency,there is no essence to nourish kidney and bone marrow;their function of generating blood decreases,eventually it becomes"medicinal poison purpura".The theory of"regulating balance and flat regulation"is an im-portant academic idea of our team in the treatment of malignant hematological tumors.In this paper,we have systematically elaborated on the etiology,pathogenesis,and therapeutic principles of the treatment of cancer therapy-related thrombopenia with spleen deficiency pattern through the collation of relevant lit-erature.We believe that the prescription formulated according to the method of invigorating spleen and benefiting qi and controlling blood for the treatment of cancer therapy-associated thrombocytopenia with spleen deficiency pattern is in line with the principle of correspondence between prescription and syn-drome,and correspondence between drugs and syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine,which is theo-retically feasible and has a high clinical application value.

Objective:To understand the current status of the level of chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy and health anxiety among chronic disease residents, as well as the urban-rural differences, in order to provide a basis for improving the level of chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy among chronic disease residents.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From July to August 2022, a multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to select 201 rural residents with chronic diseases in one rural health center and 242 urban residents with chronic diseases in two community health service centers. General demographic characteristics questionnaire, Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Literacy Questionnaire and Short version of Health Anxiety Scale were used for questionnaire survey.Results:There were 93 males and 108 females with chronic diseases in 201 rural chronic disease residents, and the age range was 19-69 years. There were 116 males and 126 females with chronic diseases in 242 urban chronic disease residents, and the age range was 18-69 years old. The score of chronic disease prevention and control literacy of rural chronic disease residents (7.86 ± 2.25) was lower than that of urban chronic disease residents (8.55 ± 2.03). The score of health anxiety of rural chronic disease residents (13.69 ± 5.26) was higher than that of urban chronic disease residents (11.67 ± 5.95). Both differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.43, 3.79, both P<0.05). After controlling the general demographic data, the layered linear regression analysis of rural chronic disease residents and urban chronic disease residents showed that health anxiety can negatively affect rural chronic disease residents and urban chronic disease residents of chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy level ( β=-0.185, -0.129, both P<0.05). Conclusions:There are urban-rural differences in chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy and health anxiety of chronic disease residents in community. It is necessary to strengthen psychological construction among rural chronic disease residents in order to improve their chronic disease prevention and treatment literacy.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Jinan City according the national and international criteria, as well as to compare the Chinese and international standards, so as to provide basic data for relevant intervention strategies. Methods: From September to December 2021, using the height and weight data obtained from the health checkup reports of 746 985 primary and secondary school students in Jinan City in 2021, body mass index(BMI) was calculated to evaluate the current status of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among this sample of children and adolescents aged 6- 18 years old. The consistency of the Chinese standard, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) standard, International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) standard, and World Health Organization (WHO) standard was compared by calculating the weighted Kappa value. Results: Based on the Chinese, U.S. CDC, IOTF and WHO standards, the overweight rates of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in Jinan were 17.3%, 16.5%, 21.1% and 13.6%, respectively, and the obesity rates were 23.1%, 19.5%, 13.5% and 6.6%, respectively. The overweight and obesity rates of boys were higher than those of girls under the four criteria (China: χ 2=1 418.48, 9 868.51, U.S. CDC: χ 2=145.78, 23 211.41, IOTF: χ 2=1 326.94, 13 615.62, WHO: χ 2=873.13, 46.41, P <0.01).The overweight rate of adolescents in the 13-18 year-old age group was higher than that of children aged 6-12 years (China: χ 2=29.13, U.S. CDC: χ 2=6.43, IOTF: χ 2=15.87, WHO: χ 2=19.48, P <0.01) and the obesity rate of the group aged 6-10 years was significantly higher than that of the group aged 11-18 years (China: χ 2=217.02, U.S. CDC: χ 2=227.54, IOTF: χ 2=171.91, WHO: χ 2=165.91, P <0.01). The rates of overweight and obesity in urban children and adolescents were slightly higher than those in rural children and adolescents (China: χ 2=25.06, 245.12, U.S. CDC: χ 2=56.13, 205.93, IOTF: χ 2= 182.34 , 22.04, WHO: χ 2=200.88, 21.61, P <0.01). The Chinese standard showed good agreement with the IOTF standard and U.S. CDC standard, with weighted Kappa values of 0.72 and 0.83, but poor agreement with the WHO standard, with a weighted Kappa value of 0.33. Conclusion The current prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Jinan is serious. The Chinese standard has good consistency with IOTF standard and American CDC standard, and poor consistency with WHO standard.

Objective : By observing the changes of interleukin-22 ( IL-22) ，signal transduction and transcriptional activator 3 (STAT3) ，fasting blood glucose ( FBG) and fasting insulin ( FINS) of rats under the circumstance of chronic intermittent hypoxia and reoxygenation，to explore the role of IL-22 / STAT3 pathway in insulin resistance in- duced by chronic intermittent hypoxia． Methods : 4 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (NC group) and intermittent hypoxia group ( CIH group) ，with 12 rats in each group．NC group was placed in normoxia environment for 12 weeks，while CIH group was first given intermittent hypoxia for 8 weeks and then resumed normoxia feeding until 12 weeks．FBG，FINS，IL-22 and p-STAT3 / STAT3 levels were measured at baseline，week 8 and week 12 in both groups，and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated．The differences between the two groups were compared. Results : ① There was no significant difference of the observation indexes between the two groups at baseline (P＞0. 05) ．At 8 weeks，the levels of FBG，FINS and HOMA-IR in CIH group were higher than those in NC group (P＜0. 05) ，and the levels of IL-22 were lower than those in NC group (P ＜0. 05) ．p-STAT3 / STAT3 showed a decreasing trend，but not statistically significant．At 4 weeks of reoxygenation，there were no significant differences in FBG，FINS，HOMA-IR and IL-22 levels between the two groups (P ＞0. 05 ) ．p-STAT3 / STAT3 in CIH group was significantly higher than that in NC group ( P ＜0. 05 ) . ② Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with IL-22 and p-STAT3 / STAT3 ( all P ＜0. 05) ． Conclusion Chronic intermittent hypoxia can inhibit the expression of IL-22 / STAT3 signaling pathway，IL-22 / STAT3 signaling pathway may mediate insulin resistance induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of ITGAV and the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. Methods The expression of ITGAV in NSCLC and its relationship to the prognosis of patients who received radiotherapy were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Differences in radiosensitivity between radio-resistant cells and parent cells were verified by clone formation experiment, and the protein expression of ITGAV was detected by Western blot. The transfection efficiency of si-ITGAV was determined by Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses. The best ITGAV interference sequence was selected to transfect A549R and H1299R cells. Clone formation experiment and flow cytometry were used to detect clone formation, apoptosis and cell cycle of A549R and H1299R cells. Results The expression of ITGAV in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P<0.05), and NSCLC patients with high ITGAV expression had poor prognosis. The clonogenic ability of the si-ITGAV group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group at 4, 6, 8Gy irradiation (all P<0.05). After 6 Gy irradiation, the apoptosis of the si-ITGAV group was increased (P_H1299R<0.0001, P_A549R=0.0002), the proportion of G₂/M phase cells to A549-siITGAV and H1299R-siITGAV cells was higher than that in the negative control group (P_H1299R<0.0001, P_A549R=0.0007). Conclusion Interfering with ITGAV expression can increase the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (T N F) - α monoclonal antibody is a first-line treatment for inflammatory bowel disease, and its therapeutic response has attracted more and more attention. Although therapeutic drug monitoring and antidrug antibody monitoring have been widely used in clinic, however, there are no laboratory indicators that can predict the therapeutic response to anti-TNF-α before the drug treatment, so as to provide a guidance of selecting therapeutic drug. Studies have shown that some baseline biomarkers can predict the therapeutic response to anti-TNF-α. This article reviewed the progress of research on biomarkers in predicting efficacy of anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective:To explore the correlations between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) level in peripheral venous blood and clinicopathological characteristics and biomarkers of lung cancer patients using CI-101 cell search immunomagnetic bead enrichment technology combined with fluorescent cytochemical staining.Methods:Blood samples were collected from 100 patients with first-diagnosed lung cancer treated in Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of Yunnan Cancer Hospital from March 2014 to September 2014, 40 patients with lung benign tumor (all confirmed by pathological biopsy) and 30 healthy volunteers from the physical examination center. CTCs in peripheral blood were enriched by CI-101 cell search immunomagnetic bead, the morphology of CTCs was analyzed by immunocytofluorescence technique, and tumor cells were identified using HE cell staining method. The recovery rate, sensitivity and specificity of CI-101 cell search instrument for CTCs were detected. The difference of positive rate of CTCs in peripheral blood among lung cancer patients, lung benign tumor patients and healthy volunteers was compared. The relationship between the positive rate of CTCs and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with lung cancer was analyzed. The correlations between CTCs and serum tumor markers were analyzed by coefficient of contingency in patients with lung cancer and lung benign tumor.Results:The recovery rate of CTCs by CI-101 cell search instrument was 72.0%-89.0%, and there was a significant linear correlation between the number of recovered cells and the number of incorporated cells. The correlation coefficient r=0.998 ( P<0.001), the linear regression equation was y=0.781 x+ 11.307, the sensitivity was 85.0%, and the specificity was 71.4%. The positive rate of CTCs in lung cancer patients (85.0%, 85/100) was higher than that in lung benign tumor patients (15.0%, 6/40) and healthy volunteers (46.7%, 14/30) ( χ2=62.798, P<0.001). The positive rate of CTCs in lung cancer patients was correlated with TNM stage ( χ2=19.059, P<0.001), tumor size ( χ2=13.830, P<0.001) and distant metastasis ( χ2=6.005, P=0.014). Coefficient of contingency analysis showed that the positive of CTCs was positively correlated with serum tumor markers CEA ( φ=0.217, P=0.011), CA125 ( φ=0.198, P=0.020), CA199 ( φ=0.169, P=0.049), CA742 ( φ=0.186, P=0.037) and cytokeratin 19 fragment ( φ=0.461, P<0.001) in patients with lung cancer and lung benign tumor. Conclusion:The application of CI-101 cell search instrument combined with immunomagnetic bead method can successfully enrich CTCs in peripheral venous blood of lung cancer patients. The positive rate of CTCs in patients with lung cancer has obvious correlation with tumor size, TNM stage, distant metastasis, serum tumor markers. It can be used as an auxiliary indicator for monitoring the condition of lung cancer patients.

Objective In clinical cerebral perfusion CT examination, repeated scanning the region of interest in the cine mode increases the radiation dose of the patients, while decreasing the radiation dose by lowering the scanning current results in poor image quality and affects the clinical diagnosis. We propose a penalized weighted least-square (PWLS) method for recovering the projection data to improve the quality of low-dose cerebral perfusion CT imaged. This method incorporates the statistical distribution characteristics of brain perfusion CT projection data and uses the statistical properties of the projection data for modeling. The PWLS method was used to recover the data, and the Gauss-Seidel (GS) method was employed for iterative solving. Adaptive weighting is introduced between the original projection data and the projection data after PWLS restoration. The experimental results on the clinical data demonstrated that the PWLS-based sinogram restoration method improved noise reduction and artifact suppression as compared with the conventional noise reduction methods, and better retained the edges and details to generate better cerebral perfusion maps.