Objective:To investigate the current comorbidity status among hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in residents aged 35-75 years in Tianjin and to explore the main influencing factors to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic disease comorbidity.Methods:From June 2019 to November 2023, 10 districts (Hedong, Hexi, Dongli, Beichen, Nankai, Xiqing, Wuqing, Baodi, Jizhou, and Binhai New District) in Tianjin were selected as the project sites. The community and natural village was used as the primary sampling unit, and each project site selected the screening sites by cluster random sampling method. Residents aged 35-75 who lived in the screening sites for 6 months and above were surveyed by questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical tests. The chi-square test, analysis of variance, and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Age-standardized prevalence was based on the data of the sixth national census.Results:A total of 146 832 participants were included in this study, including 61 994 males (42.22%) and 84 838 females (57.78%), with an age of (56.83±8.84) years. The number of people with only one disease was 55 485 (37.79%), the number of people with two diseases was 36 942 (25.16%), and the number of people with three diseases was 9 683 (6.59%). The prevalence of hypertension combined with dyslipidemia was the highest (17.23%), and the standardized prevalence were 14.44%. The prevalence rates of three diseases and hypertension combined with diabetes was 6.59% and 4.98%, respectively, and the standardized prevalence was 5.42% and 4.11%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes combined with dyslipidemia was 2.95%, and the standardized prevalence was 2.45%. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (65- 75 years old: OR=2.69, 95% CI: 2.28-3.18), overweight/obesity (overweight: OR=2.21, 95% CI: 2.02-2.41; obesity: OR=4.50, 95% CI: 4.03-5.02), daily smoking ( OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.72-2.24), regular and heavy drinking ( OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.18-2.27), family history of hypertension/diabetes/hyperlipidemia (family history of hypertension: OR=81.17, 95% CI: 74.68-88.22; family history of diabetes: OR=15.26, 95% CI: 13.71-16.99; family history of hyperlipidemia: OR=7.13, 95% CI: 5.92-8.59), tea drinking (occasional tea drinking group: OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.52-2.00; frequent tea drinking group: OR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.92-2.59) were risk factors for the comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia (all P<0.05), while higher education level was a protective factor (senior high school/technical secondary school: OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.72-0.86; college/bachelor's degree and above: OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.53-0.68, all P<0.001). Conclusions:The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia is high in residents aged 35-75 years in Tianjin. It is necessary to strengthen the co-management of blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid in key populations with old age, overweight/obesity, junior high school education or below, daily smoking, daily drinking, occasional or frequent tea drinking, and family history of hypertension/diabetes/dyslipidemia, and promote a healthy lifestyle.

Objective The MMV-Net,a deep learning framework based on mammogram multiple views,was constructed to evaluate the classification performance of the model for benign and malignant masses.Methods A retrospective analysis was conduc-ted on a dataset of 1 585 breast X-ray images from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2018 to 2020,including 806 be-nign cases and 779 malignant cases.The dataset was divided into the training set(n=1268)and the test set(n=317)according to an 8∶2 ratios,and the training set was stratified according to the 5-fold cross validation.The integrated DDSM dataset and INBreast dataset were used as external test sets(n=1645)to evaluate the model performance.Each case in the input layer contained 4 views.The MMV-Net model was constructed by removing the last two layers of the ResNet22 network structure and adding an average poo-ling layer as the feature extraction layer,as well as fully connection layer and softmax activation function as the decision layers.Bayes-ian hyperparameter optimization was used.The performance of MMV-Net,MFA Net,and ensemble inception V4 models in AUC val-ues,accuracy,precision,recall and F1 scores were compared.Results The AUC values of MMV-Net model for distinguishing benign and malignant masses on the test set were 0.913,0.882 for MFA-Net,and 0.865 for inception V4.The accuracy and precision evalu-ation metrics of the MMV-Net model were also higher than the other two models.Conclusion The deep learning MMV-Net model based on multiple views of mammogram is helpful for the classification of benign and malignant breast masses.

Objective To investigate the effect of standardized lymph node sorting on postoperative results of gas-troesophageal junction malignant tumors.Methods The data of all patients with malignant gastroesophageal junc-tion in gastric cancer database were analyzed retrospectively.Lymph nodes were sorted according to whether sur-geons were present immediately after surgery.Patients were divided into lymph node sorting group(sorting group)and lymph node unsorting group(unsorting group).General data included gender,age,body mass index(BMI),carcinogenic antigen(CEA),postoperative albumin level,preoperative hemoglobin,etc.Perioperative and patho-logical data included operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,tumor differentiation,distance from superior incisal margin,total number of lymph nodes,number of positive lymph nodes,etc.Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis,and propensity score matching analysis adjusted for confounding factors between groups.Results A total of 386 patients were included,including 133 in lymph node sorting group and 253 in non-sorting group.The median follow-up time was 40.18 months.The total number of lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes in the sorting group were(26.38±12.18)and(6.63±10.14),respectively,while the total number and the number of positive lymph nodes in the non-sorting group were(12.25±7.06)and(3.07±3.77),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the total num-ber of lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes between the sorting group and the non-sorting group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the sorting group and the non-sorting group before matching.There were 112 and 203 patients with advanced gastric cancer in the two groups,respec-tively.The overall survival curve of patients in the sorting group was better than that in the non-sorting group,and the difference in median survival time was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The caliper value was set to 0.02,and 94 pairs of patients were preferentially matched.After matching,the total number of lymph nodes and the num-ber of positive lymph nodes in the sorting group were(24.71±12.03)and(5.70±9.95),respectively,while the total number and the number of positive lymph nodes in the non-sorting group were(13.05±7.63)and(3.37±4.32),respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The overall survival curve of patients in the sorting group was better than that in the non-sorting group,and the median survival time was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Postoperative lymph node sorting for gastric cancer can significantly increase the number of total lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes,reduce lymph node migration,and improve postoperative survival time.

Objective:To investigate the effects of different intensity of lighting on normal refractive development and form deprivation myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs.Methods:A total of 108 healthy 3-week-old guinea pigs were divided into normal refractive development guinea pigs ( n=54) and FDM guinea pigs ( n=54). FDM models were prepared in FDM animals by occlusion of the left eyes using an opaque mask, and the bilateral eyes were open in the normal refractive development guinea pigs.The guinea pigs were randomized to low (20 lx), normal(300 lx), and high intensity-lighting (5 000 lx) groups with a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle for 6 consecutive weeks under LED light.The ocular biometry was performed in a two-week interval.Axial length (AL) and dilated diopter were measured by A-scan ultrasonography and retinoscopy, respectively, and were compared after different lighting durations, and the change trends of them in normal refractive development and FDM guinea pigs were evaluated. Results:The AL values were not significantly different among low, normal and high intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=0.365, P=0.697), and the AL was gradually prolonged over the lighting duration ( Ftime=353.750, P<0.001). The diopters showed a statistically significant difference among different intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=3.576, P=0.034). The diopter in high intensity-lighting for 4 weeks was (+ 2.75±2.15) D, which was significantly higher than (0.41±3.07) D in the normal refrective development guinea pigs ( P<0.001). In the FDM guinea pigs, both AL and diopter were not significantly different among low, normal and high intensity-lighting groups ( Fgroup=0.105, P=0.900; Fgroup=0.973, P=0.387), and significant differences were seen in AL and diopter among three groups ( Ftime=408.302, 27.407; both at P<0.001). The diopter in FDM eyes of low intensity-lighting for 2 weeks was (+ 2.35±1.95) D, which was higher than (+ 1.90±0.97) D before lighting, with no statistically significant difference between them ( P>0.05). The AL was shortest and the AL change was smallest in normal refractive development guinea pigs of high intensity-lighting group.The diopter change in FDM guinea pigs of the low intensity-lighting group was significantly smaller than that in the normal intensity-lighting group ( P<0.001), with a transient hyperopia drift. Conclusions:The 5 000 lx lighting can slow down the development toward myopia in the normal refractive development eyes, and 20 lx lighting tends to delay the progression FDM eyes with a hyperopic shift after lighting for 2 weeks.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system. The age of individuals diagnosed with BC tends to decrease in recent years. A variety of standard therapeutic options are available for the clinical management of BC, but limitations exist. It is difficult to surgically eliminate small lesions, while radiation and chemotherapy damage normal tissues, leading to severe side effects. Therefore, new approaches are required to improve the efficacy and specificity of BC treatment. Synthetic biology is a field emerging in the last decade that refers to biological elements, devices, and materials that are artificially synthesized according to users' needs. In this review, we discuss how to utilize genetic elements to regulate BC-related gene expression periodically and quantitatively to inhibit the initiation and progression of BC. In addition, the design and construction of gene circuits to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells to kill the former but spare the latter are elaborated. Then, we introduce the development of genetically modified T cells for targeted attacks on BC. Finally, synthetic nanomaterials specializing in detecting and killing BC cells are detailed. This review aims to describe the innovative details of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BC from the perspective of synthetic biology.
Humans ; Synthetic Biology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis*

Objective:To investigate the effect of 125I-RSOAds-hTERT/PSA oncolytic adenovirus on targeted therapy of prostate cancer and its effect on tumor microenvironment. Methods:125I-RSOAds-hTERT/PSA ( 125I-virus complex) oncolytic adenovirus was constructed by PCR amplification and double restriction enzyme ligation. TUNEL staining, flow cytometry and Caspase-3 immunoblotting assay were used to detect the killing effect of 125I-RSOAds-hTERT/PSA oncolytic adenovirus on prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. To explore the effect of 125I-virus complex on tumor tissue cytokine secretion levels, interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the culture supernatant of human prostate cancer cell line PC3, mouse prostate adenocarcinoma cell line RM-1, and mice serum were detected by ELISA. We explored the regulation of 125I-virus complex on the expression of CD24, CD44 and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) in prostate tumor tissues and tumor cells through immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, the expression levels of CD32 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as CD4+ , CD8+ and macrophage infiltration in tumor tissue were detected through immunofluorescence experiments. Results:125I-virus complex oncolytic adenovirus significantly increased tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo that was significantly higher than that of 125I group and virus complex group. Meanwhile, IL-2 ( t=-183.30, -38.20, P<0.05), IL-10 ( t=113.80, 92.71, P<0.05), TNF-α ( t=-73.20, -73.91, P<0.05), IFN-γ ( t=-65.37, -139.70, P<0.05) increased in vitro and in vivo. 125I-virus complex reduced the expression of CD24, CD44 and PSCA in tumor cells and tumor tissue, reduced the weight of tumor tissue, inhibited angiogenesis of tumor tissue ( t=8.55, P<0.05), and regulated the immune response in tumor tissue. Conclusions:125I-virus complex targeting prostate cancer can significantly kill cancer cells, reduce the weight and angiogenesis of tumor, and improve tumor microenvironment.

Objective: To understand the differences in physical indices, physical functions, and physical fitness among primary school students of De’ang and Han nationalities in the De’ang community, and to provide a reference for the healthy development of the physique of children and adolescents. Methods: The cluster sampling method was used to select the test data of height, weight, vital capacity, 50 meter running, seated forward flexion, and 1 minute skipping rope of 2 493 De’ang and Han pupils in five complete primary schools in Mangshi, Dehong Prefecture. Differences in each indices were compared between groups. Results: For physical indicators: height in boys in 8,9 and 11 year old group, girls in 7 and 8 year old group, were significantly higher in Han nationality,weight among Han boys of 9 years old was higher than Deang nationality; For physical function indicators: vital capacity of girls 11 years old group and 12 years old group, boys 9 years old group, 10 years old group, 12 years old group, children of Han nationality were higher than Deang peers. For physical fitness indicators: in 50 m running, Han boys of 8,9,10 and 12 year old,as well as Han girls of 8 year old were higher than age matched peers of De’ang nationality;For seated forward flexion, Han boys of 11 years old and girls of 9 years old, were lower than Deang; in 1 min skipping, Han boys of 9,10,11 and 12 year old,as well as Han girls of 9 and 10 year old, were lower than the De’ang nationality. Conclusion Unbalanced development of physical fitness is observed among primary school students of De’hong and Han nationality, with significant differences in physical, functional and fitness indices.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of HMS-01 in rats and provide support for subsequent study. Methods A sensitive and specific method for the determination of HMS-01 in plasma and other biological samples was established by LC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetics of HMS-01 in rats was studied by the established method. The pharmacokinetics of one dose of single intragastric administration and one dose of single intravenous administration in SD rats were studied, and the basic pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained. Results After intravenous injection of 1 mg/kg HMS-01, the area under the plasma concentration-time curve AUC_0-t of male and female rats was 221 ng·h/ml and 409 ng·h/ml, respectively. The average clearance rates were 4.53 L/h·kg and 2.41 L/h·kg, respectively. The average plasma elimination half-lives were 0.786 h and 1.27 h, and the apparent distribution volume was 5.13 L/kg and 3.82 L/kg, respectively. After intragastric administration of 30 mg/kg HMS-01, the peak time of plasma concentration in rats was 1.17 h, the peak concentration of C_max was 1 243 ng/ml, and the elimination half-life t_1/2 was 2.00 h. The AUC_0-t of male and female rats was 2 271 and 8 529 ng·h/ml respectively, and their bioavailability was 34.3% and 69.5% respectively. Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of HMS-01 in rats has significant gender differences. It is well absorbed orally, and the bioavailability of HMS-01 in females is much higher than that in males.

Polycomb group (PcG) ring finger protein 6 (PCGF6), though known as a member of the transcription-repressing complexes, PcG, also has activation function in regulating pluripotency gene expression. However, the mechanism underlying the activation function of PCGF6 is poorly understood. Here, we found that PCGF6 co-localizes to gene activation regions along with pluripotency factors such as OCT4. In addition, PCGF6 was recruited to a subset of the super-enhancer (SE) regions upstream of cell cycle-associated genes by OCT4, and increased their expression. By combining with promoter capture Hi-C data, we found that PCGF6 activates cell cycle genes by regulating SE-promoter interactions via 3D chromatin. Our findings highlight a novel mechanism of PcG protein in regulating pluripotency, and provide a research basis for the therapeutic application of pluripotent stem cells.

Objective To explore the effect of atorvastatin on postoperative complications after the burr hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Methods The clinical data of 172 CSDH patients who had underwent the burr hole drainage were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 82 patients were given atorvastatin (atorvastatin group), and 90 patients were not given atorvastatin (control group). The postoperative complications were compared between 2 groups. Results All patients were followed up for 6 months. The total incidence of postoperative complications in control group was significantly higher than that in atorvastatin group:47.78%(43/90) vs. 31.71%(26/82), and the recurrent rate of subdural hematoma and incidence of subdural effusion in control group were significantly higher than those in atorvastatin group: 22.22% (20/90) vs. 8.54% (7/82) and 28.89% (26/90) vs. 12.20%(10/82). There were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical difference in the incidences of pneumocephalus, acute epidural/subdural hematoma and brain damage induced by drainage tube (P>0.05). Conclusions Atorvastatin can improve the prognosis of CSDH patients, especially in reducing the incidence of recurrent subdural hematoms and subdural effusion.