Pseudogenes have long been regarded as fossilized,nonfunctional genomes that are evidence of human evolution.However,in recent years,pseudogenes have been found to play an important role in both physiological and pathological processes,especially in tumors,regulating occurrence and development of tumors in parental gene dependence and parental gene independence,including liver cancer.In this paper,we summarized research progress of pseudogenes and their roles in proliferation,apoptosis,inva-sion and metastasis of liver cancer cells,providing new ideas for treatment of liver cancer.

The cell cycle is the series of events by which a cell divides into two daughter cells and is guided by a unique system of cell cycle regulation.The disorder of cell cycle regulation system is the fundamental cause of tumorigenesis.This paper will focus on the key regulatory points of cell cycle and discuss the research progress of tumor cell cycle regulation,so as to provide theore-tical basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies for tumors.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic right colon cancer radical resection(CME+D3,60 cases) based on membrane anatomy and traditional laparoscopic right colon cancer radical resection(CME/D3, 120 cases).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to collect the consecutively admitted cases undergoing laparoscopic radical right colon cancer resection at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanxi Hospital from Jan 2018 to Jun 2020.The postoperative data , postoperative complications, follow-up outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the CME/D3 group, that the based on membrane anatomy(CME+D3) group had a decreased intraoperative blood loss [(79.3±16.7) ml vs. (103.6±20.8) ml, t=-3.894, P<0.001],and more lymph node harvest [(27.0±5.1) vs. (25.1±6.2), t=2.138, P=0.034]; The sectional grading of surgical specimens was also better than that in the traditional operation group(χ 2=4.146, P=0.042); while the operation time was slightly longer than that of the traditional operation group [(161.1±18.4) minutes vs.(142.6±19.5) minutes, t=-6.166, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the length of specimen resection, postoperative exhaust time, hospital stay, incidence of postoperative complications, proportion of unplanned reoperation within 30 days, re-admission within 30 days, and mortality within 30 days ( all P>0.05). The median follow-up time was 36.7 (5.3-48.7) months, and there was no significant difference in overall survival rates between the two groups ( P>0.05); The difference in disease-free survival rates between the two groups is significant(χ 2=4.246, P=0.039). Conclusions:Compared with the traditional laparoscopic right colon cancer radical surgery (CME/D3),laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer (CME+D3) based on membrane anatomy reduces intraoperative bleeding, improves the number of lymph node dissection and specimen quality, and has higher 1-year and 3-year disease-free survival rate .

OBJECTIVE: To establish a machine learning model based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm for early prediction of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and explore its predictive efficiency. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) who admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 were enrolled. Demography information, etiology, past history, and clinical indicators and imaging data within 48 hours of admission were collected according to the medical record system and image system, and the modified CT severity index (MCTSI), Ranson score, bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) and acute pancreatitis risk score (SABP) were calculated. The data sets of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University were randomly divided into training set and validation set according to 8 : 2. Based on XGBoost algorithm, the SAP prediction model was constructed on the basis of hyperparameter adjustment by 5-fold cross validation and loss function. The data set of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University was served as independent test set. The predictive efficacy of the XGBoost model was evaluated by drawing the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), and compared it with the traditional AP related severity score; variable importance ranking diagram and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) diagram were drawn to visually explain the model. RESULTS: A total of 1 183 AP patients were enrolled finally, of which 129 (10.9%) developed SAP. Among the patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, there were 786 patients in the training set and 197 in the validation set; 200 patients from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were used as the test set. Analysis of all three datasets showed that patients who advanced to SAP exhibited pathological manifestation such as abnormal respiratory function, coagulation function, liver and kidney function, and lipid metabolism. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, an SAP prediction model was constructed, and ROC curve analysis showed that the accuracy for prediction of SAP reached 0.830, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.927, which was significantly improved compared with the traditional scoring systems including MCTSI, Ranson, BISAP and SABP, the accuracy was 0.610, 0.690, 0.763, 0.625, and the AUC was 0.689, 0.631, 0.875, and 0.770, respectively. The feature importance analysis based on the XGBoost model showed that the top ten items ranked by the importance of model features were admission pleural effusion (0.119), albumin (Alb, 0.049), triglycerides (TG, 0.036), Ca²⁺ (0.034), prothrombin time (PT, 0.031), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS, 0.031), C-reactive protein (CRP, 0.031), platelet count (PLT, 0.030), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, 0.029), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, 0.028). The above indicators were of great significance for the XGBoost model to predict SAP. The SHAP contribution analysis based on the XGBoost model showed that the risk of SAP increased significantly when patients had pleural effusion and decreased Alb. CONCLUSIONS A SAP prediction scoring system was established based on the machine automatic learning XGBoost algorithm, which can predict the SAP risk of patients within 48 hours of admission with good accuracy.
Humans ; Pancreatitis ; Acute Disease ; Retrospective Studies ; Hospitalization ; Algorithms

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been a major health burden in the world. So far, many strategies have been investigated to control the spread of COVID-19, including social distancing, disinfection protocols, vaccines, and antiviral treatments. Despite the significant achievement, due to the constantly emerging new variants, COVID-19 is still a great challenge to the global healthcare system. It is an urgent demand for the development of new therapeutics and technologies for containing the wild spread of SARS-CoV-2. Inhaled administration is useful for the treatment of lung and respiratory diseases, and enables the drugs to reach the site of action directly with benefits of decreased dose, improved safety, and enhanced patient compliance. Nanotechnology has been extensively applied in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. In this review, the inhaled nanomedicines and antibodies, as well as intranasal nanodrugs, for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are summarized.

In the current international situation, there is the possibility of nuclear war and nuclear terrorism. The nuclear and radiological emergency in the event of an accident should be enhanced. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued a publication on January 27, 2023, updating the list of drugs recommended for stockpiling in response to radiation and nuclear emergencies, which was the first update since 2007. The list of recommended drug stocks in the publication includes drugs to prevent or reduce the effects of radiation, as well as drugs used to treat injuries after exposure. Based on the list of drugs, this article reviews the emergency response to nuclear and radiological accidents, the general situation of emergency drug stockpiles, drug reserves in some countries, and current considerations, with a view to providing references for emergency medical rescue in nuclear and radiological accidents in China.

The heparin polysaccharide nanoparticles block the interaction between heparan sulfate/S protein and inhibit the infection of both wild-type SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and the mutated strains through pulmonary delivery.Image 1.

Objective:To analyze and summarize the clinical efficacy and safety of lymphocyte apheresis combined with plasma exchange in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver failure at the ascending stage.Methods:A observational study was conducted. A total of 69 hepatitis B virus-related liver failure at the ascending stage patients who were hospitalized at Affiliated Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2016 to December 2020 were enrolled in this study. The patients were grouped according to their condition and wishes, including 38 patients treated with conservative medical treatment (control group) and 31 patients treated with lymphocyte apheresis combined with plasma exchange based on comprehensive medical treatment (study group). Clinical data were compared between the two groups 1-4 weeks after treatment, including dynamic changes of total bilirubin (TBil), international normalized ratio (INR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and the rate of clinical improvement at 4 weeks after treatment. In addition, the adverse effects and dynamic changes of white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte count (LYM), platelet count (PLT), and hemoglobin (Hb) within 4 weeks after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:Both groups showed significant improvement in clinical parameters after 1-4 weeks of initiation of therapy. The improvement of TBil, INR and MELD score at 1-4 weeks after treatment were significantly better in the treatment group than those in the control group [TBil (μmol/L): 248 (117, 335) vs. 398 (328, 464) at 1 week, 173 (116, 278) vs. 326 (184, 476) at 2 weeks, 107 (84, 235) vs. 355 (129, 467) at 3 weeks, 70 (61, 172) vs. 290 (82, 534) at 4 weeks; INR: 1.72±0.70 vs. 2.13±0.69 at 1 week, 1.67±0.61 vs. 2.28±1.35 at 2 weeks, 1.65±0.75 vs. 2.15±0.92 at 3 weeks, 1.61±0.93 vs. 2.19±1.17 at 4 weeks; MELD score: 18.35±5.32 vs. 23.38±4.56 at 1 week, 16.47±5.16 vs. 23.71±7.94 at 2 weeks, 16.30±5.75 vs. 22.64±6.99 at 3 weeks, 14.63±6.76 vs. 20.97±8.19 at 4 weeks], with significant differences (all P < 0.05). In addition, ALT levels at 1 week and 2 weeks after treatment in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group [U/L: 128 (93, 206) vs. 240 (167, 436) at 1 week, 64 (42, 110) vs. 85 (69, 143) at 2 weeks, both P < 0.05]. The rate of clinical improvement at 4 weeks after treatment in the study group was 54.84% (17/31), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [28.95% (11/38)], with statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of new infection between the study group and the control group [22.58% (7/31) vs. 34.21% (13/38), P > 0.05]. Additionally, expect that the PLT level at 1 week after treatment in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (×10 9/L: 101±42 vs. 128±59, P < 0.01), there was no significant difference in WBC, LYM or Hb at different time points after treatment between the two groups. Conclusion:Clinical efficacy of lymphocyte apheresis combined with plasma exchange based on comprehensive medical treatment in the treatment of patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver failure at the ascending stage is superior to conservative medical treatment alone, which can improve clinical improvement rate and recovery rate of liver function with high safety.

Objective: To understand the epidemic status and influencing factors of Mongolian children with ASD in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, so as to provide data support for formulating prevention and intervention strategies and improving the overall epidemiological investigation of ASD in Inner Mongolia. Methods: Sixteen kindergartens and primary schools were selected from Chifeng City, Ulanqab City, Tongliao City, Hulunbuir City and Xilingol League cities in Inner Mongolia by means of random cluster sampling. Firstly, 7 108 children aged 3-14 were initially screened with the Kirschner Autism Behavior Scale(CABS), and then the children with ASD positive were given the autism behavior test scale (ABC). According to the diagnostic criteria, the professionals, including chief physicians and associate chief physicians from the major of child psychiatry, diagnosed ASD with the total score of ABC scale ≥62. Univariate and Logistic regression multivariate analysis were carried out among Mongolian children to find out the influencing factors related to the occurrence of Mongolian ASD in Inner Mongolia. Results: The prevalence of Mongolian children was 0.37%. Mongolian ASD group and Mongolian normal children series in the household register, habitual twitch, hyperactivity, bite lips, families have extreme introverts, mothers age, father s cultural level, cultural degree of mother, father mother mild character, irritable, neonatal diseases, fetal gestational age distribution had statistical significance( χ 2/Z= 12.58 , 16.68, 14.93, 64.43, -3.76, -2.86, 4.57, 11.12, 12.33, 16.66, P <0.05). Conclusion Measures such as shaping a healthy growth environment, adjusting parental style, paying attention to the level of early childhood language development, and preventing neonatal diseases might lower the risk of ASD in children.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of children with ASD in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, and to provide theoretical basis for disease prevention and prevalence of ASD. Methods: Sixteen primary schools and kindergartens were selected from 5 cities in central and eastern Inner Mongolia through random cluster sampling. A total of 15 817 children aged 3-14 years were selected. Children who were positive using Clancy Autism Behavior Scale were further diagnosed according to the teacher s nomination form and the Autism Behavior Checklist, as well as the diagnostic criteria of the fifth edition of the American Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders by 2 professionals. Results: The prevalence of ASD was 0.27% (42/15 817), with prevalence in urban areas (0.16%, 15/9 231) higher than that of rural areas (0.41%, 27/6 586) ( χ 2=8.89, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal education and language development were negatively associated with ASD in urban children [ OR =0.29(95% CI =0.12-0.69) and 0.18(95% CI =0.05-0.60), P <0.05]. ASD in rural children were positively associated with enuresis and introverted family members [ OR =7.09(95% CI =1.60-32.27) and 8.63(95% CI =3.10- 24.01 ), P <0.05]. Conclusion High prevalence of ASD is found in urban area of central and eastern Inner Mongolia. Unhealthy habits, neonatal diseases, low parental education, delayed language development and poor exercise performance are primary factors associated with ASD in both urban and rural areas.