Objective:To explore the impact of adverse childhood experience on self-injury behavior and the mediating role of self hating in adolescents.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 6 high schools and 5 middle schools in Shandong Province from August 1 to December 31, 2022, using the adverse childhood experience questionnaire, self-hating scale and non-suicidal self-injury behavior rating questionnaire for adolescents. A total of 7 313 questionnaires were collected, of which 6 948 were valid. SPSS 22.0 software was used for Spearman correlation analysis, and biased-corrected non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method was used to test the significance of mediating effect.Results:(1) The scores of adverse childhood experience(4.0(2.0, 6.0)), self-hating (22.0 (13.0, 29.0)) and self-injury behavior (12.0 (7.0, 19.0)) in adolescents with self-injury behavior were higher than those without self-injury behavior(0(0, 2.0), 2.0(0, 9.0), 0(0, 1.0)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-21.700, -22.654, -29.519, all P<0.001). (2) Adverse childhood experience was positively correlated with self-hating ( r=0.46, P<0.01) and self-injury behavior ( r=0.47, P<0.01). Self-hating was positively correlated with self-injury behavior ( r=0.51, P<0.01). (3) Adverse childhood experience directly predicted self-injury behavior with a direct effect of 0.163 (95% CI =0.127-0.200, P<0.01)and the effect size of 53.80%(0.163/0.303).Adverse childhood experiences indirectly predicted self-injury behavior through self-hating, with an indirect effect of 0.140 (95% CI=0.122-0.160, P<0.001) and the effect size of 46.20%(0.140/0.303).The total effect was 0.303 (95% CI=0.270-0.336, P<0.001). Conclusions:There is a close relationship between adverse childhood experiences, self-hating and self-injury behavior in adolescents. Adverse childhood experiences can directly predict self-injury behavior, and can also indirectly affect self-injury behavior through self-hating.

Objective:To study the influence of the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the visual function of patients with type 2 diabetes, to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and control of DR.Methods:This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, recruiting already-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in four community health service centers in Guizhou Province between February and September 2022. Employing the Chinese version of the Visual Function Index-14 (VF-14), assess the participants′ near vision, visual adaptation, subjective visual perception, and stereo vision, with higher scores indicating poorer visual function. Categorize the severity of each eye′s damage into no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and use a 5-level DR grading system to evaluate the overall severity of diabetic retinopathy in both eyes. Employing linear regression analysis to investigate the linear relationship between DR and visual function index. Local weighted regression evaluates the nonlinear relationship between the DR composite score and the scores of visual function, with a steeper slope indicating poorer visual function for that level.Results:A total of 542 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated, including 244 (45.02%) males, 298 (54.98%) females, and 162 (29.89%) patients with DR. After adjusting for confounders, compared with those without DR, patients with binocular DR Had overall scores ( β=0.136, P=0.003), near vision ( β=0.163, P<0.001), visual adaptation ( β=0.092, P=0.042), subjective vision ( β=0.120, P=0.009) and stereo vision ( β=0.094, P=0.044) were higher than those without DR. There were no differences in visual functions between DR And monocular DR. The local weighted regression curve showed that near vision (slope: 23.78) and overall score (slope: 58.37) increased sharply from mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes. Visual adaptation (slope: 5.37, 7.72), subjective vision (slope: 6.53, 7.93), stereovision (slope: 0.74, 0.91) increased slowly in mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes and in moderate to severe NPDR/PDR in both eyes. Conclusion:Binocular DR is associated with impaired visual function, but there is no difference between monocular DR And non-DR visual function. The early damage of DR To visual function is mainly manifested in near vision. In the prevention and control of DR, more attention should be paid to visual function, especially the change of near vision, and retinal damage should not be assessed solely by visual status.

Objective To investigate the factors influencing gastrointestinal bleeding associated with esophagogastric fundal varices bleeding(EGVB)in patients with liver cirrhosis 5 years after endoscopic treatment.Methods A retrospective enrollment was conducted on 181 patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent endoscopic treatment with EGVB at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from February 2017 to May 2019,followed up for a minimum duration of 5 years.The demographic characteristics including gender,age,etiology of liver cirrhosis(viral,alcoholic,autoimmune,others),presence of ascites,hepatic encepha-lopathy severity(none,stage 1～2,stage 3),portal vein thrombosis status,occurrence of liver cancer or portal hypertensive gastric disease along with other complications were recorded.Additionally,peripheral blood indexes[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),white blood cell count(WBC),total biliru-bin(TBIL),albumin(ALB),platelet count(PLT)],prothrombin time parameters[prothrombin time(PT)and prothrombin time international normalized ratio(PTINR)],portal vein diameter and splenic vein diameter measure-ments as well as Child grade assessment were collected alongside sequential treatment details and rebleeding time.According to the occurrence of rebleeding within 5 years after endoscopic treatment,the 181 cases were divided into two groups:the non-rebleeding group(n=124)and the rebleeding group(n=57).Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with rebleeding within 5 years after endoscopic treatment.Additionally,Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess the cumulative bleeding rate at 1,3,and 5 years.Results The results of both univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated TBIL levels and increased portal vein diameter were significant risk factors for rebleeding within 5 years following endo-scopic treatment in patients with EGVB(P<0.05).The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that out of the 181 patients,there were 41 cases of cumulative bleeding within 1 year,54 cases within 3 years,and 57 cases within 5 years,resulting in cumulative bleeding rates of 22.65%,29.83%,and 31.49%respectively.Conclusions The long-term rebleeding rate remains elevated following endoscopic treatment of EGVB in cirrhotic patients,with TBIL levels and portal vein diameter identified as independent risk factors for long-term rebleeding after endoscopic treatment of EGVB in liver cirrhosis.Therefore,patients with higher TBIL levels and/or cirrhosis should be given priority for endoscopic treatment of EGVB.

Objective:To study the influence of the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the visual function of patients with type 2 diabetes, to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and control of DR.Methods:This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, recruiting already-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in four community health service centers in Guizhou Province between February and September 2022. Employing the Chinese version of the Visual Function Index-14 (VF-14), assess the participants′ near vision, visual adaptation, subjective visual perception, and stereo vision, with higher scores indicating poorer visual function. Categorize the severity of each eye′s damage into no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and use a 5-level DR grading system to evaluate the overall severity of diabetic retinopathy in both eyes. Employing linear regression analysis to investigate the linear relationship between DR and visual function index. Local weighted regression evaluates the nonlinear relationship between the DR composite score and the scores of visual function, with a steeper slope indicating poorer visual function for that level.Results:A total of 542 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated, including 244 (45.02%) males, 298 (54.98%) females, and 162 (29.89%) patients with DR. After adjusting for confounders, compared with those without DR, patients with binocular DR Had overall scores ( β=0.136, P=0.003), near vision ( β=0.163, P<0.001), visual adaptation ( β=0.092, P=0.042), subjective vision ( β=0.120, P=0.009) and stereo vision ( β=0.094, P=0.044) were higher than those without DR. There were no differences in visual functions between DR And monocular DR. The local weighted regression curve showed that near vision (slope: 23.78) and overall score (slope: 58.37) increased sharply from mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes. Visual adaptation (slope: 5.37, 7.72), subjective vision (slope: 6.53, 7.93), stereovision (slope: 0.74, 0.91) increased slowly in mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes and in moderate to severe NPDR/PDR in both eyes. Conclusion:Binocular DR is associated with impaired visual function, but there is no difference between monocular DR And non-DR visual function. The early damage of DR To visual function is mainly manifested in near vision. In the prevention and control of DR, more attention should be paid to visual function, especially the change of near vision, and retinal damage should not be assessed solely by visual status.

BACKGROUND: Post-operative pneumonia (POP) is a common complication of lung cancer surgery, and muscular tissue oxygenation is a root cause of post-operative complications. However, the association between muscular tissue desaturation and POP in patients receiving lung cancer surgery has not been specifically studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of intra-operative muscular tissue desaturation as a predictor of POP in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. METHODS: This cohort study enrolled patients (≥55 years) who had undergone lobectomy with one-lung ventilation. Muscular tissue oxygen saturation (SmtO 2 ) was monitored in the forearm (over the brachioradialis muscle) and upper thigh (over the quadriceps) using a tissue oximeter. The minimum SmtO 2 was the lowest intra-operative measurement at any time point. Muscular tissue desaturation was defined as a minimum baseline SmtO 2 of <80% for >15 s. The area under or above the threshold was the product of the magnitude and time of desaturation. The primary outcome was the association between intra-operative muscular tissue desaturation and POP within seven post-operative days using multivariable logistic regression. The secondary outcome was the correlation between SmtO 2 in the forearm and that in the thigh. RESULTS: We enrolled 174 patients. The overall incidence of muscular desaturation (defined as SmtO 2 < 80% in the forearm at baseline) was approximately 47.1% (82/174). The patients with muscular desaturation had a higher incidence of pneumonia than those without desaturation (28.0% [23/82] vs. 12.0% [11/92]; P  = 0.008). The multivariable analysis revealed that muscular desaturation was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia (odds ratio: 2.995, 95% confidence interval: 1.080-8.310, P  = 0.035) after adjusting for age, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score, smoking, use of peripheral nerve block, propofol, and study center. CONCLUSION: Muscular tissue desaturation, defined as a baseline SmtO 2 < 80% in the forearm, may be associated with an increased risk of POP. TRIAL REGISTRATION No. ChiCTR-ROC-17012627.
Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Pneumonia/epidemiology* ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Oxygen ; Muscles ; Lung Neoplasms/surgery*

In order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic hemorrhoids treatment, a retrospective analysis was conducted on data of 166 patients with grade I to Ⅲ hemorrhoids who underwent endoscopic treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2018 to June 2020 with complete follow-up data. There were 35 cases in the simple sclerotherapy group, 104 cases in the simple ligation group, and 27 cases in the ligation combined sclerotherapy group. The results showed that, no serious complications occurred in the 3 groups after surgery. In the simple ligation group and the ligation combined with sclerotherapy group, the incidence of postoperative anal pain [35.6% (37/104) and 33.3% (9/27), respectively,] and anal pendant distension [70.2% (73/104) and 70.4% (19/27), respectively] were higher, but symptoms could be tolerated or relieved after simple treatment. The satisfaction of patients in the 3 groups was all more than 90% before discharge, and the degree of operation acceptance was more than 95%. The effective rate of the 3 groups was above 90.0% at 3 months after surgery, At 12 months after surgery, the effective rate of the simple sclerotherapy group was the lowest [74.3% (26/35)], and the effective rate of the other two groups was still above 85.0%. In conclusion, minimally invasive treatment for internal hemorrhoids under endoscopy is safe and effective with effective improvement of symptoms, high postoperative satisfaction of patients and high degree of acceptance.

BACKGROUND: Red-cell transfusion is critical for surgery during the peri-operative period; however, the transfusion threshold remains controversial mainly owing to the diversity among patients. The patient's medical status should be evaluated before making a transfusion decision. Herein, we developed an individualized transfusion strategy using the West-China-Liu's Score based on the physiology of oxygen delivery/consumption balance and designed an open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to verify whether it reduced red cell requirement as compared with that associated with restrictive and liberal strategies safely and effectively, providing valid evidence for peri-operative transfusion. METHODS: Patients aged >14 years undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery with estimated blood loss > 1000 mL or 20% blood volume and hemoglobin concentration <10 g/dL were randomly assigned to an individualized strategy, a restrictive strategy following China's guideline or a liberal strategy with a transfusion threshold of hemoglobin concentration <9.5 g/dL. We evaluated two primary outcomes: the proportion of patients who received red blood cells (superiority test) and a composite of in-hospital complications and all-cause mortality by day 30 (non-inferiority test). RESULTS: We enrolled 1182 patients: 379, 419, and 384 received individualized, restrictive, and liberal strategies, respectively. Approximately 30.6% (116/379) of patients in the individualized strategy received a red-cell transfusion, less than 62.5% (262/419) in the restrictive strategy (absolute risk difference, 31.92%; 97.5% confidence interval [CI]: 24.42-39.42%; odds ratio, 3.78%; 97.5% CI: 2.70-5.30%; P <0.001), and 89.8% (345/384) in the liberal strategy (absolute risk difference, 59.24%; 97.5% CI: 52.91-65.57%; odds ratio, 20.06; 97.5% CI: 12.74-31.57; P <0.001). No statistically significant differences were found in the composite of in-hospital complications and mortality by day 30 among the three strategies. CONCLUSION: The individualized red-cell transfusion strategy using the West-China-Liu's Score reduced red-cell transfusion without increasing in-hospital complications and mortality by day 30 when compared with restrictive and liberal strategies in elective non-cardiac surgeries. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01597232.
Humans ; Adult ; Postoperative Complications ; Erythrocyte Transfusion/adverse effects* ; Blood Transfusion ; Hospitals ; Hemoglobins/analysis*

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy with polycinnamol solution and foam in the treatment of grade II hemorrhagic internal hemorrhoids.Methods:From September 2020 to June 2021, 81 patients with grade II hemorrhagic internal hemorrhoids were collected from the Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. The observation group was injected with polycinnamol solution, and the control group was injected with polycinnamol foam. All of them were treated with endoscopic sclerotherapy. The clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The operation time, immediate hemostasis rate, incidence of postoperative complications (such as fever, pain, bleeding and Urinary retention), recurrence and rebleeding rate of the two groups were observed, and the efficacy and safety of the two groups in the treatment of grade II hemorrhagic internal hemorrhoids were compared.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in basic data between the two groups of patients (all P>0.05), indicating comparability. The surgical operation time of the observation group patients [(7.40±1.18)min] was shorter than that of the control group [(13.88±0.95)min] ( P<0.05); The injection dose of polycinnamol [(5.79±1.61)ml] in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(4.38±1.92)ml] ( P<0.05). The immediate postoperative hemostasis rate in the observation group was the same as that in the control group (100%). The incidence of postoperative fever (7.32%), perianal pain (4.88%), bleeding (7.32%), and urinary retention (4.88%) complications in the observation group had no significant difference from that in the control group [postoperative fever (5.00%), anal pain (7.50%), bleeding (7.50%), and urinary retention (2.50%)] (all P>0.05). Two months after surgery, the rebleeding rate in the observation group (4.88%) was not significantly different from that in the control group (7.50%) ( P>0.05), but the rebleeding score in the observation group (1.21±0.63) was lower than that in the control group (2.62±0.71), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The rebleeding rate (2.44%) and the rebleeding score (2.33±1.51) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [the rebleeding rate (12.50%) and the rebleeding score (5.54±2.42)] at 12 months after follow-up, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Endoscopic sclerotherapy is effective in the treatment of grade II hemorrhagic internal hemorrhoids. There is no significant difference in the immediate and short-term hemostasis rate and the incidence of complications between two different dosage forms of sclerotherapy, namely, polycinnamol solution and foam, but the operation of the solution injection is more time-saving and the long-term recurrence rate is lower, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To understand the incidence, severity and the change trajectory of symptoms in adult patients with acute leukemia during treatment, so as to provide a reference for clinical medical staff to conduct specific symptom screening and management.Methods:From March 2017 to August 2018, 69 patients who were newly diagnosed with acute leukemia at the Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University were conveniently selected. The Memory Symptom Assessment Scale was used to investigate the patients before chemotherapy (T1), after the first chemotherapy (T2), after the second to third chemotherapy (T3) and after the fourth to fifth chemotherapy (T4).Results:The severity score of psychological symptoms in adult patients with acute leukemia at T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 1.00(0.58, 1.42), 1.00(0.83, 1.67), 0.67(0.33, 1.00) and 0.67(0.33, 1.00). The severity score of physical symptoms at T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 0.50(0.21, 0.83), 1.00(0.54, 1.33), 0.75(0.58, 1.17) and 0.92(0.63, 1.08), respectively. The score difference was statistically significant ( H = 28.34, 27.14, both P<0.01) at different time points. The score of physical symptoms reached a peak at T2. In the psychological dimension, the severity and incidence of energy deficiency were higher in T1-T4. Conclusions:Adult acute leukemia patients have different focal symptoms in different treatment stages. Clinical medical staff should provide effective and personalized nursing intervention for patients in different treatment stages.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between postoperative delirium and preoperative modified frailty index (mFI) score in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.Methods:The medical records of elderly patients of either sex, aged 65-90 yr, with primary tumor, without radiotherapy and chemotherapy before operation, with the expected operating time ≥ 2 h, undergoing colorectal cancer surgery under general anesthesia, were collected.The patients′ preoperative frailty was assessed using mFI scale.Primary outcome was the incidence of delirium within 7 days after operation, and delirium was assessed using Confusion Assessment Method.The preoperative baseline characteristics, BI score, mFI score and Mini-Mental State Examination were recorded; anesthesia-related information, surgery-related information, intraoperative adverse events, total volume of intraoperative fluid infused, blood loss, and urine output were recorded.The patients were divided into delirium group (D group) and non-delirium group (N group) according to whether delirium occurred or not, and logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.Results:A total of 370 patients were enrolled in this study, and the incidence of delirium was 10.8%.There were significant differences in age, ASA grading ratio, mFI score, anesthetic time and total volume of intraoperative fluid infused between group N and group D ( P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased age and mFI were independent risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative delirium ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Increased mFI score and age are independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer.