Objective:To understand the infection status and molecular types of rhinovirus (RV) among cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) in Luohe City, Henan Province, from 2017 to 2022.Methods:From October 2017 to June 2022, clinical and epidemiological data were collected from 2 270 cases of ARIs at Luohe Central Hospital in Henan Province. Throat swab specimens were obtained from these cases. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to screen for RV-positive specimens. Subsequently, the positive samples were subjected to nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) to amplify the full-length VP1 region. Using the MEGA software, along with 169 RV reference strains recommended by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, a phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine RV types.Results:Among the 2 270 cases of ARIs, there were 1 283 male cases (56.52%). The median age ( Q 1, Q 3) was 3 (1, 6) years, with the population under 5 years old accounting for 68.59% (1 557/2 270). RV was detected in 137 cases (6.04%), of which 68 cases (49.64%) showed co-detection with other viruses, with the most common being co-detection with enterovirus, accounting for 14.60% (20/137). The RV detection rates in the age groups of 0-4 years, 5-14 years, 15-59 years, and≥60 years were 6.42% (100/1 557), 4.69% (21/448), 3.80% (6/158), and 9.35% (10/107), respectively, with no statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.310, P=0.150). The overall detection rates of RV before (2017-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic showed no statistically significant difference ( χ2=1.823, P=0.177). A total of 109 VP1 sequences were obtained, including 62 types. Among them, RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C had 42, 3, and 17 types respectively. Conclusion:RV is one of the predominant pathogens in ARIs cases in Luohe City, Henan Province, from 2017 to 2022. Multiple types of RV co-circulate without any apparent dominant type.

To conduct timely surveillance of the seasonal characteristics and disease burden of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in various geographical regions of China, and further develop more precise and effective prevention and intervention strategies, there is an urgent need for China to establish a nationwide, effective, and stable HRSV surveillance system. Through combining the current status of domestic and international HRSV surveillance systems and the existing surveillance framework in China, this study proposed an HRSV surveillance type applicable to China based on different surveillance purposes, and considering the feasibility of implementation. This article aimed to provide solid scientific and technical support to monitor the dynamic changes of HRSV epidemic timely, carry out a risk assessment and early warning, and further understand the disease burden of HRSV in China. It also helps to improve the diagnosis, prevention, and control of the HRSV diseases research and development, use, and evaluation of HRSV vaccines and drugs in China.

Objective:To summarize the content and effects of exercise interventions for stroke survivors, providing references for medical and nursing personnel in formulating exercise intervention plans for these patients.Methods:Literature on exercise interventions for stroke survivors was searched in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to May 1, 2023. Data extraction and summarization were conducted on the included literature.Results:Twenty-two articles were included in the review. The exercise types for stroke survivors primarily involved aerobic and resistance training; the intensity was mainly moderate to high; the frequency was mostly 3-5 times per week, with each session lasting 30-60 minutes; and the duration of interventions ranged from as short as two weeks to as long as one year. Exercise interventions improved stroke survivors' functional mobility, quality of life, cardiopulmonary function, mental state, cognitive function, fatigue, sleep, and compliance to varying degrees.Conclusions:Exercise interventions have achieved positive outcomes in stroke survivors. In the future, medical and nursing personnel can incorporate patient preferences into exercise intervention plans while ensuring patient safety to promote rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1(LOX-1)regulates hyperglycemic-induced myocardial fibroblast(CFs)fibrosis through the glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway.Methods CFs were isolated,cultured and identified.LOX-1 RNAi lentiviral vector was constructed and infected CFs.The experimental groups were as follows:Normal control(NC)group,High glucose(HG)group,LV-LOX-1,LV-Con group,Hypertonic(HPG)group.After LV-LOX-1 and LV-Con were infected with CFs,adding 25 mmol/L glucose to culture CFs for 24 h,they were denoted as HG+LV-LOX-1 group and HG+LV-Con group.Cells in HG+LV-LOX-1 group and HG+LV-Con group were treated with 10 μ mol/L SB216763 and 10 μ mol/L STATTIC for 24 h,respectively,and then they were recorded as HG+LV-LOX-1+SB216763 group,HG+LV-Con+SB216763 group,HG+LV-LOX-1+STATTIC group and HG+LV-Con+STATTIC group.CCK-8 was used to detect the activity of CFs,and the expression levels of mRAN and protein of LOX-1,collagen type I(COL-I),thioredoxin 5(TXNDC5),GSK-3β,STAT3,p-GSK-3β and p-STAT3 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Results CFs infected with LOX-1 RNAi lentiviral vector were obtained,which showed green under fluorescence microscopy.Compared with HG and HG+LV-Con groups,the mRNA expressions of LOX-1,COL-I and TXNDC5 were decreased in HG+LV-LOX-1 group(P<0.05).Compared with HG+LV-LOX-1 group,mRNA expressions of COL-I and TXNDC5 were decreased in HG+LV-LOX-1+SB216763 and HG+LV-LOX-1+STATTIC groups(P<0.05).Compared with HG and HG+LV-Con groups,p-GSK-3β protein expression was increased in HG+LV-LOX-1 group(P<0.05),while LOX-1,p-STAT3,COL-I,TXNDC5 protein expression was decreased in HG+LV-LOX-1 group(P<0.05).Compared with HG+LV-LOX-1 group,p-GSK-3β protein expression was increased in HG+LV-LOX-1+SB216763 group(P<0.05),while the protein expressions of p-STAT3,COL-I and TXNDC5 were decreased in HG+LV-LOX-1+SB216763 and HG+LV-LOX-1+STATTIC groups(P<0.05).Conclusion LOX-1,GSK-3β,STAT3,TXNDC5,and COL-I are involved in high glucose induced CFs fibrosis.LOX-1 promotes the expression of TXNDC5 and COL-I through GSK-3β/STAT3 pathway,and inhibition of LOX-1 can inhibit high glucose induced CFs fibrosis.

Objective:To understand the infection status and molecular types of rhinovirus (RV) among cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) in Luohe City, Henan Province, from 2017 to 2022.Methods:From October 2017 to June 2022, clinical and epidemiological data were collected from 2 270 cases of ARIs at Luohe Central Hospital in Henan Province. Throat swab specimens were obtained from these cases. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to screen for RV-positive specimens. Subsequently, the positive samples were subjected to nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) to amplify the full-length VP1 region. Using the MEGA software, along with 169 RV reference strains recommended by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, a phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine RV types.Results:Among the 2 270 cases of ARIs, there were 1 283 male cases (56.52%). The median age ( Q 1, Q 3) was 3 (1, 6) years, with the population under 5 years old accounting for 68.59% (1 557/2 270). RV was detected in 137 cases (6.04%), of which 68 cases (49.64%) showed co-detection with other viruses, with the most common being co-detection with enterovirus, accounting for 14.60% (20/137). The RV detection rates in the age groups of 0-4 years, 5-14 years, 15-59 years, and≥60 years were 6.42% (100/1 557), 4.69% (21/448), 3.80% (6/158), and 9.35% (10/107), respectively, with no statistically significant differences ( χ2=5.310, P=0.150). The overall detection rates of RV before (2017-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic showed no statistically significant difference ( χ2=1.823, P=0.177). A total of 109 VP1 sequences were obtained, including 62 types. Among them, RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C had 42, 3, and 17 types respectively. Conclusion:RV is one of the predominant pathogens in ARIs cases in Luohe City, Henan Province, from 2017 to 2022. Multiple types of RV co-circulate without any apparent dominant type.

To conduct timely surveillance of the seasonal characteristics and disease burden of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) in various geographical regions of China, and further develop more precise and effective prevention and intervention strategies, there is an urgent need for China to establish a nationwide, effective, and stable HRSV surveillance system. Through combining the current status of domestic and international HRSV surveillance systems and the existing surveillance framework in China, this study proposed an HRSV surveillance type applicable to China based on different surveillance purposes, and considering the feasibility of implementation. This article aimed to provide solid scientific and technical support to monitor the dynamic changes of HRSV epidemic timely, carry out a risk assessment and early warning, and further understand the disease burden of HRSV in China. It also helps to improve the diagnosis, prevention, and control of the HRSV diseases research and development, use, and evaluation of HRSV vaccines and drugs in China.

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the primordial odontogenic tumour(POT).Methods Clinical data of 4 cases of jawbone POT were collected.Imaging examination,HE,and immunohistochemical EnVision two-step staining was used to an-alyze their clinical and pathological characteristics,and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results The age arranged from 5 years to 21 years.2 cases were male and 2 case were female.There were 2 cases in maxilla and 2 cases in mandible.The clinical presentation was a slow growing painless mass.Cut sur-face of the tumor was appeared grayish yellow and grayish white,the tumor involved the crown of an unerupted tooth.The tumour consisted of a proliferation of spindled and stellate cells in myx-oid stroma.Surfaced by cuboidal to columnar epithelium forming papillary structures and invaginations.Calcification was observed in 2 cases.Conclusion POT is a rare benign mixed odontogen-ic tumor that is more common in children and adolescents.Mas-tering its characteristic histological morphology can make a cor-rect diagnosis.Local complete resection of the tumor has a good prognosis.

Objective:To search, evaluate and integrate the best evidence for early recognition of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).Methods:With"stroke""cognitive impairment"and"identif"as search terms, according to the 6S evidence resource pyramid model, a top-down systematic retrieval was conducted for literature on early identification of PSCI in UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), National institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Medlive and other guideline websites, American Stroke Association (ASA), American Heart Association (AHA), European Stroke Organization (ESO), Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada (HSFC), Australian Stroke Foundation (ASF), Royal College of Physicians (RCP) and other association networks, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Knowledge Data Service Platform, VIP database, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database and other databases. The search time was from the establishment of the databases to February 8, 2024. Two researchers trained in normative evidence-based methodology conducted literature screening, quality evaluation, and independent evidence extraction in accordance with the principle of evidence integration.Results:A total of 21 articles were included, including 1 clinical decision support, 8 guidelines, 3 expert consensus, and 9 systematic reviews. The best evidence summarized included 24 recommendations from 6 aspects, including screening objects, screening timing, screening practitioners, pre-screening assessment, screening tools and post-screening assessment, of which 70.8% was class 2b and above evidence, and 41.7% of the evidence was recommended with strength A.Conclusions:The literature on early identification of PSCI patients is of high quality and high level of evidence. The key to early identification of PSCI patients for medical professionals is to consider individual differences, select appropriate screening tools and conduct cognitive screening as soon as possible.

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of physical activity (PA) among stroke survivors. Methods A total of 203 stroke survivors were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method. General information questionnaire, Stroke Self-efficacy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Modified Rankin Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form, Fatigue Severity Scale, and European Five-Dimension Health Scale were used for questionnaire survey. Based on the health ecological model, hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of PA among stroke survivors. Results Using metabolic equivalents (MET) to quantify energy expenditure, the weekly PA energy expenditure of 203 stroke survivors was 693.0 (0, 1 386.0) MET. The results of hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that personal traits (stroke staging), behavioral characteristics and psychology (Modified Rankin Scale score, fatigue severity, stroke recovery self-efficacy), and interpersonal networks (perceived social support-friend support dimension) were the main influencing factors of PA among stroke survivors (P < 0.05), which could explain 55.5% of the variation in PA. Conclusion The level of PA among stroke survivors is influenced by multi-dimensional and multi-level complex factors in their health ecosystem, and it is currently at a low level. Healthcare professionals can formulate comprehensive strategies to improve PA among stroke survivors based on the health ecological model, aiming to further enhance the PA level of stroke survivors and promote physical function recovery.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of serological indicators and evaluate the diagnostic value of a new established combined serological model on identifying the minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in patients with compensated cirrhosis.Methods:This prospective multicenter study enrolled 263 compensated cirrhotic patients from 23 hospitals in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China between October 2021 and August 2022. Clinical data and laboratory test results were collected, and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was calculated. Ammonia level was corrected to the upper limit of normal (AMM-ULN) by the baseline blood ammonia measurements/upper limit of the normal reference value. MHE was diagnosed by combined abnormal number connection test-A and abnormal digit symbol test as suggested by Guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. The patients were randomly divided (7∶3) into training set ( n=185) and validation set ( n=78) based on caret package of R language. Logistic regression was used to establish a combined model of MHE diagnosis. The diagnostic performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve. The internal verification was carried out by the Bootstrap method ( n=200). AUC comparisons were achieved using the Delong test. Results:In the training set, prevalence of MHE was 37.8% (70/185). There were statistically significant differences in AMM-ULN, albumin, platelet, alkaline phosphatase, international normalized ratio, MELD score and education between non-MHE group and MHE group (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that AMM-ULN [odds ratio ( OR)=1.78, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.05-3.14, P=0.038] and MELD score ( OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.04-1.20, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for MHE, and the AUC for predicting MHE were 0.663, 0.625, respectively. Compared with the use of blood AMM-ULN and MELD score alone, the AUC of the combined model of AMM-ULN, MELD score and education exhibited better predictive performance in determining the presence of MHE was 0.755, the specificity and sensitivity was 85.2% and 55.7%, respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration curve showed that the model had good calibration ( P=0.733). The AUC for internal validation of the combined model for diagnosing MHE was 0.752. In the validation set, the AUC of the combined model for diagnosing MHE was 0.794, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed good calibration ( P=0.841). Conclusion:Use of the combined model including AMM-ULN, MELD score and education could improve the predictive efficiency of MHE among patients with compensated cirrhosis.