Objective: To investigate the trends in mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy for gastric cancer. Methods: The surveillance on causes of death data of permanent residents in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management Information System from 2014 to 2023. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was calculated, and standardized by the data from the Sixth Chinese National Population Census in 2010. The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL) and rate of potential years of life lost (PYLLR). The characteristics of mortality and life loss of gastric cancer in different genders and age groups were described. The trends in mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Totally 17 080 deaths were reported due to gastric cancer in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2023, accounting for 12.58% and ranking third in the order of malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 20.73/105, and the standardized mortality was 15.22/105, showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-3.311%, -6.470%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer was 29.22/105 in men and 11.61/105 in women, with standardized mortality rates of 20.81/105 and 8.74/105 (both P<0.05). The crude mortality of gastric cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with increasing age (P<0.05), reaching the highest rate of 225.88/105 in the group aged 80 to <85 years. The PYLL and PYLLR of gastric cancer were 107 607.50 person-years and 1.37‰. The PYLLR appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023, with AAPC of -6.667% (P<0.05). Conclusions The mortality and PYLLR of gastric cancer in Wenzhou City appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2014 to 2023. Men and the elderly populations were the key groups for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective: To analyze the trends in mortality of liver cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for improving liver cancer control measures. Methods: Data of liver cancer mortality in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2022 were collected from Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring Information System. The crude mortality were estimated and standardized by the national population census data in China in 2010, and the trends in mortality of liver cancer were analyzed with average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: There were 22 033 liver cancer deaths from 2014 to 2022, accounting for 18.08% of malignant tumor deaths and ranking the second in malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of liver cancer was 30.00/105 and the standardized mortality was 24.32/105, both showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-2.812% and -5.742%, both P<0.05). The standardized mortality of liver cancer were higher in men than in women (36.66/105 vs. 11.21/105, P<0.05), both showing decreasing trends (AAPC=-5.702% and -5.521%, both P<0.05). The crude mortality of liver cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05), with the highest crude mortality in the group aged 80 to 84 years, reaching 145.12/105. The crude mortality of liver cancer showed a tendency towards a decline among residents aged under 15 years, 15 to 44 years, 45 to 64 years and 65 years and above (AAPC=-20.311%, -6.569%, -7.408% and -3.177%, all P<0.05). Conclusions The mortality of liver cancer showed a tendency towards a decline in Wenzhou City from 2014 to 2022. Men and the elderly were high-risk groups for liver cancer deaths, and prevention should be strengthened based on risk factors.

Background Multimorbidity imposes a heavy burden on individuals, families, and society. There are relatively few studies exploring patterns of multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in China. Objective To explore the current status of multimorbidity, associated risk factors, and multimorbidity patterns among adults aged 45-64 years in China, so as to provide a scientific basis to prevent and control multimorbidity in China. Methods A total of 5494 adults aged 45-64 years from the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2018 were selected. Of these, 2494 (45.39%) were men and 3000 (54.61%) were women. The nine diseases included were hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, obesity, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), myocardial infarction, stroke, asthma, and tumor. The prevalence of each disease or multimorbidity was expressed as N (%). Comparisons of multimorbidity prevalence between different groups were performed using the χ² test or Cochran-Armitage trend test. Association rule with the Apriori algorithm was used to explore the pattern of multimorbidity, with parameters set at a minimum conditional support of 3.00%, a minimum rule confidence of 50.00%, and a lift of >1.20. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between selected risk factors and multimorbidity. Results In 2018, 37.44% of participants reported multimorbidity in 15 provinces of China. The prevalence of diseases in descending order was dyslipidaemia (39.99%), hypertension (39.48%), obesity (16.42%), MCI (14.47%), diabetes (14.16%), tumor (1.09%), stroke (1.04%), myocardial infarction (0.71%), and asthma (0.64%). A total of seven multimorbidity patterns were identified in this group. Obesity paired with hypertension, and diabetes paired with dyslipidemia were the two major patterns of multimorbidity in the general population and age or sex subgroups. The multimorbidity patterns of different populations were concentrated in the combination of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The risk of multimorbidity was lower in females than in males (OR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.75, 0.97). The multimorbidity risk was 1.56 times higher in the 55-64 years group than in the 45-54 years group (OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.40, 1.75). Drinking in the past year increased the risk of multimorbidity by 25% (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.45) compared to no alcohol comsumption in the past year. High and medium levels of physical activity were associated with a decreased OR (high: OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.65, 0.85; medium: OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70, 0.93) with low level of physical activity as reference. Conclusion In 2018, there was a high prevalence rate of multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in China. The main multimorbidity patterns were obesity-hypertension and diabetes-dyslipidemia. Surveillance and interventions should be strengthened particularly for men, individuals with alcohol consumption or insufficient physical activity, and those with major multimorbidity patterns.

Objective:Analyze the mediating and moderating effects of the relationship between food intake and blood glucose levels.Methods:This study uses data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey project in the survey 2018, involving 11 043 adults aged 18 years or older, who have complete dietary data, waist circumference (WC), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) indicators, and other key variables. Food consumption data was gathered via three consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls and weighing accounting method, which included two weekdays and one weekend day. The average daily intake of various foods and total energy intake were calculated. The mediation effect and moderation effect analysis were conducted using simple mediation models, direct moderation effect models, and moderated mediation analysis theoretical models. The confidence interval method (bootstrap method) was performed for testing and analysis.Results:A total of 4 951 males and 6 092 females were included in the stratified analysis by gender. The mediating effects on the rice, wheat, and red meat→WC→HbA1c were all statistically significant in males. The standardized coefficients were -0.009 ( P<0.001), 0.013 ( P<0.001), and -0.005 ( P=0.008), respectively. In females, the mediating effect on the wheat→WC→HbA1c was statistically significant, and the standardized coefficient was 0.017 ( P<0.001); the impact of red meat intake on HbA1c is negatively regulated by the intake of dark vegetables, with a direct moderating effect; the standardized coefficient of the interaction term between red meat and dark vegetables was -0.024 ( P=0.008). Dark vegetables have a moderated mediator on the pathway from rice to WC and HbA1c ( a3b1=-0.003, P=0.041) in males. The mediating effect of WC is negatively regulated by the intake of dark vegetables (mediation effect difference U1/-1=-0.006, P=0.048). Dark vegetables showed a moderated mediator on the pathway from wheat to WC and HbA1c ( a3b1=-0.004, P=0.045) in females. The mediating effect of WC is negatively regulated by the intake of dark vegetables (mediation effect difference U1/-1=-0.009, P=0.049). Conclusions:Changes in WC indicators caused by rice, wheat, and red meat intake. WC could mediate between rice, wheat, red meat, and HbA1c. Dark vegetables directly or indirectly regulate HbA1c levels by interacting with rice, wheat, and red meat.

Objective: To investigate the mortality and life loss of female breast cancer in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of breast cancer. Methods: Data of female breast cancer deaths in Wenzhou City were collected through the Wenzhou Chronic Disease Monitoring and Management information System from 2014 to 2012. The mortality of breast cancer was calculated, and standardized by the data from the Sixth Chinese National Population Census in 2010 (Chinese-standardized rate) and the world standard population first introduced by Segi (world-standardized rate). The life loss were measured using potential years of life lost (PYLL), rate of potential years of life lost (PYLLR) and average years of life lost (AYLL). The trends in mortality, PYLLR and AYLL were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: Totally 2 523 deaths were reported due to breast cancer from 2014 to 2022, ranking fifth in the order of female malignant tumor deaths. The crude mortality of female breast cancer was 7.13/105, showing an increasing trend with AAPC of 2.186% (P<0.05). The Chinese population-standardized mortality and global population-standardized mortality were 5.93/105 and 4.39/105, showing no significant trend with AAPC of -0.617% and -0.602% (both P>0.05), respectively. The crude mortality of female breast cancer appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05). The crude mortality of breast cancer in females aged 65 years and older showed an increasing trend (AAPC=3.283%, P<0.05), but there were no significant tendency aged 15 to <45 years and 45 to <65 years (AAPC=-1.011% and -1.850%, both P>0.05). The PYLL, PYLLR and AYLL of breast cancer were 41 227.50 person-years, 1.23‰ and 19.44 years per person, respectively. AYLL showed a decreasing trend (AAPC=-1.969%, P<0.05), and PYLLR showed no significant trend (AAPC=-0.527%, P>0.05). Conclusions The mortality of female breast cancer in Wenzhou City appeared a tendency towards a rise from 2014 to 2022, and AYLL appeared a downward trend. Females aged 65 years and older were the key groups for the prevention and control of breast cancer.

As a potential vectored vaccine,Newcastle disease virus(NDV)has been subject to various studies for vaccine development,while relatively little research has outlined the immunomodulatory effect of the virus in antigen presentation.To elucidate the key inhibitory factor in regulating the interaction of infected dendritic cells(DCs)and T cells,DCs were pretreated with the NDV vaccine strain LaSota as an inhibitor and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for further detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),flow cytometry,immunoblotting,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).The results revealed that NDV infection resulted in the inhibition of interleukin(IL)-12p40 in DCs through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-dependent manner,thus inhibiting the synthesis of IL-12p70,leading to the reduction in T cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and IL-6 induced by DCs.Consequently,downregulated cytokines accelerated the infection and viral transmission from DCs to T cells.Furthermore,several other strains of NDV also exhibited inhibitory activity.The current study reveals that NDV can modulate the intensity of the innate?adaptive immune cell crosstalk critically toward viral invasion improvement,highlighting a novel mechanism of virus-induced immunosuppression and providing new perspectives on the improvement of NDV-vectored vaccine.

Purpose To establish and validate an ultrasound-based radiomics nomogram for predicting ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis in stage T1 breast cancer.Materials and Methods 443 stage T1 breast cancer patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2012 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected.All patients were randomly divided into training(n=310)and validation(n=133)group.ITK-SNAP was used to delineate the tumor margins,and Pyradiomics software was used to extract features.Image omics models and Rad-scores were constructed after feature screening.Clinical model,radiomics model and combined diagnostic models were developed,with the combined model's nomogram constructed.The models'predictive values were assessed via receiver operating characteristic curves.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the positive axillary ultrasonography,high echo halo and abundant internal blood supply were the independent risk factors of axillary lymph node metastasis.Then the clinical model was constructed,and imaging omics model was also constructed by feature screening.The combined model,which incorporated clinical and imaging features,demonstrated superior predictive performance.In the training group,the area under the curve for the combined model was 0.822,which was significantly higher than that of the clinical model(0.765)and radiomics model(0.723)(P=0.002 1,P=0.001 8).In the validation group,the area under the curve for the combined model was 0.846,outperforming the imaging omics model(0.686,P=0.001 8)and the clinical model(0.783),though the latter difference was not statistically significant(P=0.111 3).Conclusion Ultrasound-based radiomics combined diagnostic model effectively predicts ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis in stage T1 breast cancer,demonstrating high clinical predictive efficiency.

Background China is witnessing an accelerated aging process and an increasingly serious situation of Parkinson's disease. Research on the pre-disease stage and its related influencing factors has gained more and more attention. Objective To analyze the current situation of prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD) of people aged 55 years and above in four provinces of China, and to explore its influencing demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Methods Using the data of Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Disease in 2020, a total of 10724 participants with complete data on demographic and socio-economic factors and risk factors on Parkinson's disease were selected. Based on the criteria recommended by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS), we evaluated risk level (i.e., post-test probability) of pPd, prevalence of possible or probable pPD, and number of pPD-related risk/prodromal markers in the participants. Multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing socio-demographic factors of risk level of pPd and prevalence of possible or probable pPD, and Poisson regression and multinomial logit regression models were used to analyze the influencing socio-demographic factors of the number of pPD-related risk/prodromal markers in the total sample, men, and women, respectively. Results The median (P₂₅, P₇₅) of post-test probability of pPD in 2020 was 0.78% (0.42%, 1.66%), the prevalence rate of possible or probable pPD was 0.34%, and 69.03% of the participants reported 3-5 pPD-related risk/prodromal markers. The post-test probabilities of men, those with older age, lower education level, per capita monthly household income < 1000 yuan, urban residency, or without active employment were higher (P<0.05). Men and being aged ≥ 75 years had a higher prevalence of possible or probable pPD (P<0.05). The OR of possible or probable pPD was 8.404 (95%CI: 2.839−24.879) in subjects aged ≥ 75 years versus those aged 55−64 years. Males, those without active employment, being less educated, with older age, and urban residents were more likely to report pPD-related risk/prodromal markers than those of the opposite groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Men, subjects aged ≥75 years, those with lower education level, urban residents, and those without active employment have higher risk levels of pPD and are more likely to report pPD-related risk/prodromal markers among people aged 55 years and above in the four provinces of China, poor economic situation is also associated with higher risk levels of pPD.

Background Gastrointestinal microbiota plays an important role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), and dietary factors have a great impact on intestinal micro ecology. At present, few studies focus on red meat and PD, especially prodromal PD (pPD). Objective To understand the relationships of the intake of red meat and processed meat products with pPD and the number of risk/prodromal markers, and to explore the association of dietary factors with pPD. Methods Based on the data of Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Disease in 2018 and 2020, adults aged 55 years and older with complete demographic information, dietary survey information, and information on risk factors related to PD were selected from four provinces of China. After excluding those reporting abnormal total energy intake or those reporting alcohol drinking or abused drugs for a long period of time, and confirmed mental diseases with prescribed drugs, a total of 10003 subjects were included. Food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the intake of red meat and processed meat products. The pPD-related risk/prodromal markers were selected following the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society criteria for pPD, and the risk level and the number of markers of pPD were then calculated. The relationship between the intake of red meat and processed meat and the risk level of pPD was analyzed by multiple linear regression. The relationship between the intake of red meat and processed meat and the pPD marker number groups was analyzed by multinomial logit regression model. Results In 2018, the intake of red meat and processed meat was 28.57 g·d⁻¹ in the target population. In 2020, the median of the number of risk/prodromal markers was 3, and the median M (P₂₅, P₇₅) of the posterior probability of pPD was 0.74% (0.42%, 1.49%). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the intake of red meat and processed meat, the higher the risk level of pPD in follow-up (b=0.021, P<0.05). The multiple logit regression model showed that compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), the highest quartile (Q4) group of red meat and processed meat intake were more likely reporting 3−5 risk/prodromal markers than ≤ 2 risk/prodromal markers (OR=1.185, 95%CI: 1.015−1.382). Conclusion The intake level of red meat and processed meat is related to the risk level of pPD, and a higher intake of red meat and processed meat may be a potential risk factor of pPD.

Background It has been reported that a high intake of dairy products might be associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in foreign studies, but no such study has yet been conducted on prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD) and the Chinese population. Objective To investigate the prospective relationship between the intake of dairy products and pPD among people aged 55 and above in four provinces of China. Methods The research data were obtained from the baseline 2018 and follow-up 2020 surveys of Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Disease. A total of 9984 residents were selected who participated in both waves of surveys and had complete data on demographics, dietary products intake, and risk factors for PD. We evaluated the risk level and the numbers of related risk/prodromal markers of pPD in the participants based on a criteria recommended by the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS). Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to obtain food consumption data in the past 12 months, and the intake of dairy products was calculated and divided into non-consumption and tertiles of consumption (T1, T2, and T3 from low to high). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association between baseline dairy intake and risk level of follow-up pPD. Poisson regression and multinomial logit regression models were used to analyze the relationship of baseline dairy products and the number of risk/prodromal markers of follow-up pPD in the population, and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze each risk/prodromal marker of follow-up pPD according to baseline levels of dairy products intake. Results The percentage of residents without dairy products consumption was 58.02% in 2018, and the dairy products intakes were relatively high among residents being female, aged 55 to 74 years, with an education level of middle school and above, with a per capita monthly household income ≥ 1000 yuan, living in urban areas, and without active employment (P<0.05). The median risk level of pPD was 0.74% in 2020, and the proportion of residents with 3 to 5 markers was 66.74%. The multiple linear regression analysis results suggested no association between baseline dairy intake and follow-up risk level of pPD. The Poisson regression model showed that the high dairy products intake group at baseline (T3, median=250.00 g·d⁻¹) was found to be 1.159 (95%CI: 1.065~1.261, P_trend<0.001) times more likely to have the risk/prodromal markers of pPD at follow-up than non-consumers. When the number of markers was grouped, no statistically significant association was found by multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Although high dairy products intake levels might be associated with pPD risk/prodromal markers among people aged 55 and above in four provinces of China, no direct association is found between dairy products intake and pPD risk levels in this study.