ObjectiveThe utilization of assisted reproductive technology to rescue genetically modified mouse strains with reproductive disorders provides a reference for improving techniques to preserve valuable experimental mouse strains. MethodsIn vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technology was performed on 28 strains of infertile male mice aged 9-18 months. Several indicators such as sperm density and sperm motility in infertile male mice were assessed to select the most viable sperm for IVF-ET experiments. Fertility rate, abnormal egg rate, and birth rate were recorded after the birth of the pups. An optimized ovarian transplantation procedure was applied to 12 strains of infertile female mice aged 8-18 months. 6-week-old female mice with the same genetic background were selected as recipients. One intact ovary was removed from each recipient mouse, and the contralateral oviduct was ligated. An ovary from a donor mouse was isolated and transplanted orthotopically into the side where the ovary had been removed in the recipient mouse. Twenty-one days post-surgery, recipient mice were co-housed with 8-week-old wild type male mice of the same genetic background for breeding. Data such as the pregnancy rate and live birth rate of the recipients were recorded after the birth of the pups. ResultsIVF-ET successfully rescued 28 mouse strains, with the oldest male mice being 18 months old. The success rate of the first round of IVF-ET experiments was 89.29% (25/28). The average fertility rate of IVF in infertile male mice was (51.01±14.97)%, the abnormal egg rate was (9.03±5.28)%, and the birth rate of offspring mice was (18.60±7.03)%. 39 out of 40 ovarian transplant recipient mice survived, with a pregnancy rate of 33.33% (13/39) for ovarian transplant recipients, and a live birth rate of 17.95% (7/39). Four mouse strains were successfully rescued using optimized ovarian transplantation technology, with the oldest female mice being 18 months old. 8 strains were not rescued as they failed to produce offspring that survived to sexual maturity. ConclusionIVF-ET is an effective approach for rescuing mice with reproductive disorders caused by different reasons, especially for those beyond the optimal breeding age. Ovarian transplantation technology can also be used as an alternative for aged female mice. But its success rate is relatively lower than that of IVF-ET, and carries a higher experimental risk.

Herb-induced liver injury(HILI)tends to have complex toxic material basis and toxic mechanism,which greatly affects the safety of traditional Chinese medicine.This article summarizes the main toxic components of Chinese herbal medicine causing liver injury and their mechanism of action.The toxic components of Chinese herbal medicine causing liver injury can be classified into two categories of drug-derived and non-drug-derived toxic components.Drug-derived toxic components mainly include alkaloids,terpenoids,anthraquinones,and phenylpropanoids,and their mechanism of action involves oxidative stress,apoptosis and necrosis,CYP450 enzymes,and genotoxicity.Non-drug-derived toxic components mainly include pesticide residues,sulfur dioxide residues,heavy metals,fungi,and plant growth regulators,and their mechanisms involve oxidative stress,apoptosis,metabolic disorders,and CYP450 enzymes.On this basis,this article further proposes the unsolved problems and research difficulties,in order to promote the basic research on the hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine.

In the context of modern medicine,it's difficult for doctors lacking narrative thinking to get into the hearts of patients and offer high-quality medical service.Precise classification terms and decontextualized abstract language have become communication barriers between doctors and patients,creating an atmosphere of unusual indifference and fear during the medical process.William Osler,the father of modern medicine,emphasized that doctors should respect the individuality of patients,and advocated that doctors should use life-oriented language to provide humanistic care to patients.This echoes the concept of the"doctor-patient narrative community"in the construction of the Chinese narrative medicine system.As a brand new clinical humanistic practice path,narrative medicine focuses on the keyword"narrative"and revolves around the theme of"inter-subjective relationship"in the medical context,advocates that doctors switch flexibly in the two references of science and life,achieve visual fusion with patients and their families,pay attention to patients'life experiences,and establish narrative connections with them.On this basis,it can achieve two-way narrative interaction,build a harmonious doctor-patient narrative community,and thus enhance the patient's medical experience.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) combined with transfer of fascia lata in reconstruction of complex tissue defects of hand and foot.Methods:From July 2021 to October 2023, 9 patients with complex tissue defects of hand and foot were treated with ALTPF combined with fascia lata in the Department of Orthopaedic Microsurgical Repair and Reconstruction of Fuyang People's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University. There were 2 males and 7 females with an average age of 28.1 (range, 4-65) years old. Three patients had extensor tendon defects in 6 digits of dorsal hands, 5 had extensor tendon defect in 10 toes of dorsal foot, 1 had a defect of anterior tibial tendon and 1 had Achilles tendon defect in posterior ankles. The sizes of soft tissue defect ranged from 8.0 cm×6.0 cm to 15.0 cm×10.0 cm, and the lengths of tendon defect ranged from 6.0 to 13.0 cm. Preoperative Doppler ultrasound was used to locate the distribution of perforating branches in the anterolateral thigh region. According to the characteristics of wound, ALTPFs and fascia lata were designed and harvested. Fascia lata with an appropriate size of 1.5 cm×8.0 cm-4.5 cm×15.0 cm were taken to bridge the defects of the tendon and the Achilles tendon. The wounds were reconstructed with flaps sized 9.0 cm×6.5 cm-18.0 cm×7.5 cm. Nine fascia lata donor sites and 8 flap donor sites were sutured directly. One donor site was treated with a skin graft of ipsilateral ilioinguinal region. The survival and complications of the flaps and donor sites were observed through outpatient follow-up visits, WeChat reviews and home visits, etc. The hand function was assessed according to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, and the foot and ankle function was assessed according to the Mazur score standard of joint range of motion and motor function.Results:All patients were included in follow-up for 4-24 (mean, 13.4) months with complete clinical data being collected. All 9 ALTPFs survived and healed primarily. A linear scar left in donor sites in 8 patients, and mild lamellar scar at skin graft in 1 patient. Texture and colour of the flaps were similar to the surrounding tissue without secondary flap thinning surgery. Combined with postoperative rehabilitation training, satisfactory function recoveries were achieved. Hand function of 3 patients were evaluated according to Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 2 patients were excellent and 1 was good. Ankle and foot functions in 6 patients were evaluated according to the range of motion of ankle and foot and Mazur score standard for motor function, 4 patients were excellent and 2 were good.Conclusion:ALTPF combined with fascia lata transfer can reconstruct the complex tissue defects of hand and foot. Of which, 1 donor site can meet the requirements of 2 types of tissues reconstruction at the same time, and with minimal damage to the donor site as well as an precise reconstruction of the recipient site. It avoids staged surgery, shortens the treatment time and reduces the cost of treatment.

Objective To explore the potential categories of self-regulatory fatigue among maintenance hemodialysis patients and their relationships with self-management. Methods A total of 502 maintenance hemodialysis patients in Lanzhou were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, a Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale, and a Self-Management Scale for Hemodialysis Patients. Potential profile analysis was conducted on self-regulatory fatigue, and its relationship with self-management was explored. Results Based on their self-regulatory fatigue status, maintenance hemodialysis patients could be categorized into four potential groups: low self-regulatory fatigue group (5.0%), moderate self-regulatory fatigue group (49.2%), high self-regulatory fatigue group (13.9%), and high cognitive regulatory fatiguegroup (31.9%). Gender, education level, and monthly per capita family income were identified as influencing factors for the potential categories of self-regulatory fatigue. Significant differences were observed in the total self-management scores among patients belonging to different potential categories of self-regulatory fatigue (F=50.617, P < 0.001). Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients can be classified into four potential categories of self-regulatory fatigue, with patients in the low self-regulatory fatigue group demonstrating higher levels of self-management. Reducing the level of self-regulatory fatigue can contribute to enhancing patients'self-management capabilities.

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) specific inhibitor RGFP966 on traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its mechanism in rats.Methods:Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, TBI group, TBI+vehicle group and TBI+RGFP966 group ( n=12). Rats in the later 3 groups accepted hydraulic impact brain injury to establish TBI models; and then, RGFP966 (dissolved in 1% DMSO at a dose of 10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min after modeling, twice a day for 3 d, in TBI+RGFP966 group; same amount of DMSO was injected into TBI+vehicle group at the same time. Three d after modeling, neurological function was tested by modified neurological severity score (mNSS), water content of brain tissues was detected by dry-wet weight method, proportion of injured neurons at the frontal cortical tissues on the affected side was detected by Nissl staining, expressions of HDAC3 and pyroptosis related proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting, and serum content of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA. Results:Three d after modeling, compared with the TBI+vehicle group, the TBI+RGFP966 group had significantly decreased mNSS scores (9.83±0.75 vs. 6.67±0.82), water content of the injured cerebral cortex (82.73%±0.36% vs. 80.92%±0.66%), proportion of damaged neurons (75.60%±7.44% vs. 55.87%±4.10%), and HDAC3 protein expression (0.67±0.09 vs. 0.51±0.07), and significantly increased acetylated H3 (Ace-H3) and acetylated H4 (Ace-H4) protein expressions (0.81±0.02 vs. 1.22±0.02; 0.74±0.01 vs. 1.07±0.02), and statistically decreased protein expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB, 1.20±0.05 vs. 0.94±0.04), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3, 0.72±0.02 vs. 0.40±0.03), Caspase-1 containing cysteine (Caspase-1), dermatin D N-terminal fragment (GSDMD-N, 0.71±0.03 vs. 0.52±0.01), significantly decreased NF-κB and NLRP3 immunohistochemical staining scores, and significantly decreased serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Early intervention with RGFP966 after TBI can reduce the pyroptosis and inflammatory reaction of nerve cells and play neuroprotective role, whose mechanism may be related to inhibited activation of NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway.

ObjectiveTo explore the status of breastfeeding and complementary feeding of infants and toddlers at 6 and 12 months of age， and to analyze the related influencing factors to inform interventions for breastfeeding and complementary feeding problems in infants and toddlers. MethodsA total of 910 children selected from Pudong New Area of the Shanghai maternal-child pairs cohort， who completed follow-up at 6 and 12 months of age， were included in the study. A feeding status questionnaire completed by the parents was used to understand the breastfeeding and complementary feeding status of children at 6 and 12 months of age， and correlation analysis was conducted between the breastfeeding and complementary feeding status and the influencing factors. ResultsThe breastfeeding rate of infants at 6 months was 76.2% （693/909）， with a higher rate among girls than boys， and the rate of continuous breastfeeding at 12 months was 35.5% （322/906）. The minimum dietary diversity （MDD） pass rate at 6 months was 16.1% （146/906）， higher in boys than in girls （χ² =5.384， P<0.05）. The MDD pass rate at 12 months was 61.6% （554/899）. The likelihood of MDD failure in 6-month-old boys was 1.499 times higher than that in girls. Feeding of oils and their products， beverages （fruit juices）， and snacks （chocolates， candies， cakes， cookies， etc.） were risk factors for MDD failure in 6‒ and 12‒month-old children. Compared with no intake of oils and their products， beverage and snacks， the OR （95% CI） for MDD failure in 6-month-old infants fed with oils and their products， beverage and snacks were 5.866 （2.496‒13788）， 4.542 （2.943‒7.010）， and 2.599 （1.243‒5.261）， respectively. Compared with the non-fed group， the OR （95% CI） of MDD failure in infants aged 12 months fed with oils and their products， snacks， and sweet drinks were 2.335 （1.736‒3.140）， 1.549 （1.107‒2.168）， and 1.485 （1.116‒1.976）， respectively （P<0.05）. ConclusionsThe rate of continuous breastfeeding in children at 12 months in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai is low， and the dietary structure of children is unreasonable. Improvements are needed in the introduction of complementary foods. Unhealthy foods such as oils and their products， beverages， and snacks are all high-risk factors for MDD failure in children at 6 and 12 months.

Silicosis is a diffuse pulmonary fibrosis disease caused by occupational exposure to silica, which is one of the occupational diseases with high incidence in developing countries. Up to now, there is no definite drug to relieve or reverse the lung injury caused by silicosis, so it is very important to prevent, diagnose and treat pulmonary fibrosis as soon as possible. Studies have shown that a chronic inflammatory environment contributes to pulmonary fibrosis to a certain extent. Interleukin-1β is a cytokine that increases the number of inflammatory factors in the microenvironment in the immune response and plays a key role in inflammatory reaction. Therefore, the release of interleukin-1β is of great significance in the pathogenesis of silicosis. This paper aims to systematically expound the development course of silicosis, the signal pathway of interleukin-1β production, and the relationship between them.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with self-renewing differentiation, immunoactivity and anti-inflammatory potentials.Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently the most effective treatment for hematologic malignancies.However, the presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after transplantation has hindered the development of allo-HSCT.MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) derived from mesenchymal stem cells have been confirmed to have broad therapeutic prospects in allo-HSCT and GVHD.This review focused upon immunomodulatory effects of MSC, biological activities of MSC-exo and research advances of MSC-exo on managing GVHD, aiming to provide new therapeutic rationales for GVHD in the future.

Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) has received growing research interest for its high nutritional and medicinal value due to its constituents such as polysaccharide, organic acids, flavonoids, minerals, and other substances. In this study, wax apple polysaccharide (WAP) was isolated from this plant and its protective effect against ethyl carbamate (EC)‍-induced oxidative damage was evaluated in human hepatocytes (L02 cells). Firstly, a series of analyses such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were conducted to identify the structure of WAP. Thereafter, in vitro cell experiments were performed to verify the protective effects of WAP against EC-induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and oxidative damage in L02 cells. Our results revealed that WAP is composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, arabinose, and fucose in a molar ratio of 2.20:‍3.94:‍4.45:‍8.56:‍8.86:‍30.82:‍39.78:‍1.48. Using a combination of methylation and NMR spectroscopic analysis, the primary structure of WAP was identified as Araf-(1→, Glcp-(1→, →2)‍-Araf-(1→, →3)‍-Galp-(1→, →3)‍-Araf-‍(1→, and →6)‍-Galp-‍(1→. Cell experiments indicated that WAP exhibited significant protective effects on EC-treated L02 cells via suppressing cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and O₂^•- formation, as well as improving mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and glutathione (GSH). In a nutshell, WAP has the potential as an important therapeutic agent or supplement for hepatic oxidative damage. Meanwhile, further studies are needed to prove the above effects in vivo at the biological and clinical levels.
Humans ; Syzygium/chemistry* ; Urethane/pharmacology* ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Oxidative Stress ; Glutathione/pharmacology* ; Hepatocytes ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology*