Objective:To explore the subject content and hot changes of disaster nursing in the Chinese and English databases, so as to provide references for related research, and to provide theoretical basis and information support for promoting the healthy development of disaster nursing.Methods:The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model was used to model the literature topics on disaster nursing in Chinese and English databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and Web of Science until September 6, 2021, and generate a "topic-word" distribution probability matrix and analyze the results.Results:The analysis of the LDA model showed that there were 13 research topics in the Chinese literature, which could be grouped into 4 research directions, including the nursing and treatment of disaster victims, status of disaster nursing at home and abroad and development of pre-hospital first aid, assessment and guarantee of emergency rescue capacity in public health emergencies, capacity training and assessment of disaster nurses. The English literature had 6 research themes.Conclusions:Based on the extraction results of the LDA model, the research topics in the field of disaster nursing are accurately excavated, which is conducive to understanding the development trends and research hotspots of disaster nursing, and can provide a reliable reference for related research.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between blood glucose fluctuation and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the predictive value of betatrophin.Methods:A total of 180 newly diagnosed T2DM patients in Taiyuan Central Hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were included for the study. And they were divided into normal intima-media group (81 cases), intima-media thickening group (60 cases) and plaque formation group (39 cases) according to the results of carotid ultrasound. The body test indexes, glucose and lipid metabolism indexes, blood glucose fluctuation and betatrophin level were compared among the three groups, and the correlation of these indexes with CIMT and risk factors of CIMT were analyzed.Results:The mean and maximal amplitude of glycemic excursions (AGE) in the plaque formation group and intima-media thickening group were significantly higher than those in the normal intima-media group [(5.08±0.62), (4.06±0.54) vs (3.17±0.41) mmol/L and (5.20±0.72), (4.26±0.54) vs (3.34±0.59) mmol/L] (all P<0.05), and these indexes in the plaque formation group were significantly higher than the intima-media thickening group (all P<0.05). Betatrophin levels in intima-media thickening group and plaque formation group were significantly higher than those in normal intima-media group [(423.35±76.24) and (490.68±97.84) vs (358.29±92.27) ng/L] (both P<0.05). Hip circumference and triglyceride (TG) in plaque formation group were obviously higher than those of the normal intima-media group and intima-media thickening group [(103.5±6.3) vs (97.6±7.0), (99.5±7.4) cm and 2.99 (1.32, 3.92) vs 1.70 (1.21, 2.39), 1.84(1.43, 2.93) mmol/L] (all P<0.05), and waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), insulin resistance of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) levels in plaque formation group were significantly higher than those in normal intima-media group [(94.0 (86.0, 102.0) vs 88.0 (82.5, 94.0) cm, (136.2±18.0) vs (125.9±15.3) mmHg, 10.16 (8.43, 13.23) vs 8.49 (6.98, 9.97) mmol/L, (6.31±0.90) vs (4.99±0.99) mmol/L, 4.90 (3.50, 7.13) vs 2.77 (1.32, 5.07)] (all P<0.05). CIMT was positively correlated with waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), FBG, TC, TG, HOMA-IR, betatrophin, the mean and maximal AGE, blood glucose fluctuation coefficient (BGFC) (all P<0.05), and it was negatively correlated with time in range (TIR) ( P<0.05). The mean and maximal AGE, TC, TG and betatrophin were independent risk factors of CIMT (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Blood glucose fluctuation is closely related to CIMT in patients with T2DM, and betatrophin is expected to be an early predictor of diabetic macroangiopathy.

Objective Through the detection of the levels of serum betatrophin,anthropometric and biochemical indices,to determine the alteration of betatrophin levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the relationship between betatrophin levels and metabolic indexes such as 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25 (OH) D3].Methods The study group was composed of 24 women with PCOS and 20 age-natched healthy women as controls.Following general physical examination of the subjects,anthropometrie measurements were performed (height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference).Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were calculated;25 (OH) D3,Ca2+,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,triglycerides,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were also measured and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated in all subjects.Serum betatrophin levels were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Using independent sample T test to compare the differences between groups,the linear correlation analysis was performed to study the correlation of betatrophin with anthropometric and biochemical indices,the influencing factors of betatrophin were analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results Circulating betatrophin levels [(0.341±0.034) ng/ml vs.(0.810±0.162) ng/ml,t=4.271,P＜0.001] and HDL-C [(1.014±0.321) mmol/L vs.(1.419±0.287) mmol/L,t=2.218,P＜0.05] significantly decreased in women with PCOS compared with controls,and BMI [(27.691±4.392) kg/m2 vs.(23.310±4.781) kg/m2,t=-2.073,P＜0.05],fasting blood glucose [(5.950±0.411) mmol/L vs.(4.883±0.314) mmol/L,t=-2.142,P＜ 0.05],HOMA-IR [(4.946 ± 0.741) vs.(3.387± 0.397),t=-2.493,P＜0.05],triglycerides [(1.510± 0.848) mmol/L vs.(1.037±0.402) mmol/L,t=-2.223,P＜0.05],LDL-C [(3.431±0.479) mmol/L vs.(2.396±0.435) mmol/L,t=-2.433,P＜0.05] were obviously increased.Moreover,there was a postive correlation between betatrophin and HOMA-IR (r=0.425,P＜0.05) as well as 25(OH)D3 (r=0.577,P＜0.05) and Ca2+ (r=0.448,P＜0.05),while the betatrophin was negatively related to BMI (r=-0.451,P＜0.05),triglycerides (r=-0.454,P＜0.05),LDL-C (r=-0.551,P＜0.05).Circulating betatrophin levels were higher when 25 (OH) D3 levels were beyond 35 nmol/L in PCOS patients [(0.539±0.092) ng/ml vs.(0.199±0.031) ng/ml,t=3.072,P＜0.001],and the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the levels of betatrophin were BMI (OR=-0.260),HOMA-IR (OR=0.218),25(OH)D3 (OR=0.238),and glycerol (OR=-0.162).Conclusion It is speculated that betatrophin may be a valuable predictive factor of PCOS because betatrophin is closely associated with insulin resistance,lipid metabolism disorders and the lack of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in PCOS patients.

Objective Taking Standardized Patients (SP) technique as basis, combining situational simulative teaching method , SP, as an attempt , is introduced to clinical nursing skill teaching in practice of the course of Emergency Nursing .Effect of this introduction would be explored , and new ideas and new methods in teaching practice of the course Emergency Nursing would also be explored .Methods By teaching the unit of Wound Hemostasis and Bandaging , training of nursing students as SP and compilation of Practice Handbook of Simple SP for Emergency Nursing were completed .50 undergraduate students , majoring in Nursing and admitted in 2011 , were selected and divided randomly into experimental group and control group , each with 25 students . Traditional model patient was used as teaching tool for operation demonstration and practice in the control group , while in the experimental group , operation and practice were done with combination of model patients and situational simulative teaching method basing on SP technique .Before and after the experiment , students in the two groups were asked to fill in the Scale of professional attitude measurement of nurses .Results Practice Handbook of Simple SP for Emergency Nursing was completed .According to the evaluation of simple SP and nursing teachers , this training material was practical in content and operable in reality;5 SSP have received the training and won approval; after the experiment , scores of nurses in the experimental group in the Scale of professional attitude measurement of nurses were higher than those in the control group ( P <0.05 ); in the experimental group , scores of SSP teaching practice after the experiment were higher than that before the experiment (P<0.05).Conclusions Introducing nursing students as SP in teaching practice of the course of Emergency Nursing can improve professional attitude of undergraduate students majoring in Nursing in universities of Chinese Medicine and increase their professional identity .

Objective To investigate the effects of mental health and sleep quality of the armored military performance ,pro-viding a theoretical basis for improving the performance of military officers and soldiers .Methods 276 armored military were se-lected randomly to study the performance ,including military training program evaluation(40% ) ,armored vehicles operating assess-ment(40% ) and leadership assessment(20% ) ,the test results as a percentage of the sum to exceed 80 divided into good and poor performance for the military .Symptom Checklist(SCL-90) and Scale Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) were assessed ,and to evaluate the performance differences between good and poor military .Results (1)The good performance of armored military were 61 .2% ,and 38 .8% ones were poor .(2)The SCL-90 scores ,interpersonal sensitivity ,anxiety and hostility factors of good military performance were significantly lower than those with poor military performance(P<0 .05) .(3)The PSQI scores of Good military performance was 5 .83 ± 2 .94 ,and the poor was 7 .63 ± 3 .85 ;The sleep quality ,sleep latency ,sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunc-tion factors of good military performance subjective were significantly lower than those of poor military performance(P<0 .05) . Conclusion Psychological status and quality of sleep are important factors to influence performance of military armored force .

Objective To evaluate the effects of 6-week atypical antipsychotics treatment on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)level,and the correlation between BDNF level and clinical efficiency in first-episode antipsychotic-na?ve schizophrenia.Methods We recruited 39 hospitalized patients with first-episode antipsychotic-na?ve schizophrenia that met with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—4th Edition (DSM-IV).Both Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)and the level of serum BDNF were measured before and after 6 weeks’treatment with atypical antipsychotics.We also studied 30 healthy controls.Serum BDNF was assayed at baseline.Results Pre-treatment BDNF level was significantly lower in the schizophrenic patients than in the controls [(6.82±2.1 5 )μg/L vs .(1 1.6 ± 3.32 )μg/L,t = 7.239,P < 0.001 ].Although BDNF level increased with treatment (t =2.349,P =0.021)in the schizophrenics,post-treatment BDNF level was still lower than in the normal controls (t =4.634,P <0.001).After 6 weeks’treatment for schizophrenia,the total score of PANSS,the scores of positive and negative symptoms,and the score of general psychopathology scale were all decreased (t =6.1 64,P < 0.001;t = 4.520,P < 0.001;t = 4.132,P < 0.001;t = 5.142,P < 0.001 ).Pre-treatment BDNF levels were directly correlated not only with the rate of decreased PANSS total score (r =0.348, P <0.05),but also with the rate of decreased negative symptoms score (r = 0.35 1,P < 0.05 ).However,pre-treatment BDNF levels were not correlated with improved positive symptoms,general psychopathology (r =0.204, 0.186,P >0.05),or duration of illness (r = - 0.058,P > 0.05 ).Changes in BDNF levels with treatment were correlated with the duration of illness (r =-0.345,P <0.05),but not with psychiatric improvement (r =0.036-0.1 74,P >0.05).Conclusion BDNF level is significantly lower in patients with first-episode antipsychotic-na?ve schizophrenia than in normal controls.It could be improved by using antipsychotics.Higher pre-treatment BDNF level may predict better response to antipsychotics.

Objective To study the features of treatment on neurochemical metabolites in prefrontal lobe and thalamus by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in first-episode drug-naive patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS).Methods Forty-two EOS (study group) met with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) were recruited.Prefrontal lobe and thalamus were evaluated by multi-voxel 1H-MRS before and 4-week after treatment with a single atypical antipsychotic.The levels of N-acetylaspartate (NAA),creatine compounds (Cr) and choline-containing compounds (Cho) were measured.The patients also received Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).Forty normal controls (normal control group) underwent the same 1H-MRS detection.Results Before treatment,the NAA/Cr ratios in left prefrontal lobe,right prefrontal lobe and lefi thalamus in study group were lower than those in normal control group (1.45 ± 0.26 vs 1.60 ± 0.34,t =2.251,P =0.027;1.43 ±0.26 vs 1.60 ±0.35,t =2.505,P=0.014;1.48 ±0.27 vs 1.65 ±0.35,t =2.470,P =0.016).After 4-week treatment,the NAA/Cr ratios in both left prefrontal lobe and left thalamus of study group were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (1.58 ± 0.30 vs 1.45 ± 0.26,t =2.122,P =0.037;1.62 ± 0.32 vs 1.48 ± 0.27,t =2.167,P =0.033).After 4-week treatment in study group,the total score,positive symptom score,negative symptom score and general pathologic score of PANSS,and the total score of Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were significantly lower compared with those before treatment (59.1 ± 10.2 vs 82.0 ± 13.2,t =8.896,P=0.000;15.3 ±5.1 vs 22.9 ±7.1,t =5.634,P =0.000;16.4 ±5.2 vs 21.1 ±7.8,t =3.249,P =0.002;27.4 ±7.6 vs 38.1 ± 8.8,t =5.963,P =0.000;3.6 ± 0.4 vs 4.4 ± 0.5,t =8.097,P =0.000).There was no correlation between the changes of neurochemical metabolite levels such as NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr both in prefrontal lobe and left thalamus,and the clinical symptoms changes,such as total score and every score of PANSS,the total score of CGI in study group after treatment (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The ratios of NAA/Cr are decreased not only in bilateral prefrontal lobe,but also in left thalamus,and the ratios may increase both in left prefrontal lobe and left thalamus after 4 weeks' treatment with atypical antipsychotics in EOS.The treatment outcomes of NAA/Cr do not agree with the improvement of the clinical symptoms.

Objective To compare with the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) between the left and the right prefrontal on refractory negative symptoms and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Methods 80 hospitalized schizophrenics with refractory negative symptoms were divided into study group (n=40) and control group (n=40) randomly. Both groups were received 4-week treatment of 10 Hz rTMS. The stimulus lo?cation of the study group was the left prefrontal, and the control group was the right prefrontal. The type and dose of anti?psychotics remained unchanged during the treatment. The evaluation of positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and the measurement of BDNF concentration before treatment and after 4 weeks treatment was analyzed. Results Com?pared with before treatment, the total score of PANSS after treatment significantly decreased (P<0.05) both in the study group [(71.2±13.8) vs. (63.3±11.4)] and the control group [(70.3±13.4) vs. (63.7±12.2)]. The score of negative symptoms in the study group decreased [(22.8±6.6) vs. (18.4±5.9), P<0.01]. The BDNF concentration increased in the study group ](6.78±2.16) vs. (8.74±2.76)] and the control group [(6.83±2.32) vs. (8.66±2.70)]. Conclusion 10Hz rTMS on the left pre?frontal combined with drugs are helpful to improve the refractory negative symptom of the patients with schizophrenia. Stimulation on both left and right prefrontal lobe could increase serum BDNF concentration.

Objective To evaluate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Eighty hospitalized schizophrenics with refractory negative symptoms,admitted to our hospital from September 2012 to October 2013 and met the diagnostic and statistical manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition (DSM-Ⅳ),were randomly divided into study group (n=40) and sham-operated group (n=40).The rTMS of 10 Hz on left prefrontal lobe was performed in study group and sham stimulation was used in sham-operated group; and the kinds and dosages of antipsychotics were preserved as before; other 40 healthy subjects were used as control group.Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was performed and serum BDNF level was measured before and 4 weeks after treatment in all patients.Results BDNF level in both study group and sham-operated group before and after treatment was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The total PANSS scores and negative symptom scale scores in the study group after treatment were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment (71.2±13.8 vs.63.3±11.4,t=2.721,P=0.008; 18.4±5.9 vs.22.8±6.6,t=3.064,P=0.003),and the BDNF level was statistically increased (8.74±2.76 vs.6.78±2.16,t=3.447,P=0.001).After treatment,the study group had significantly lower negative symptom scale scores and higher BDNF concentration than sham-operated group (t=2.470,P=0.016; t=3.180,P=0.002).For total PANSS scores,negative symptom scale scores and general psychopathology scale scores,the changed values before and after treatment of study group were all significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group (7.8±3.5 vs.2.0±0.9,t=9.893,P=0.000; 4.4±1.9 vs.0.5±0.2,t=12.584,P=0.000; 2.8±1.0 vs.0.9±0.4,t=10.875,P=0.000).For the study group,the changes of BDNF concentration showed no obvious correlation with the total PANSS scores or negative symptom scale scores (r=-0.156-0.247,P＞0.05).Conclusions The rTMS of 10 Hz on the left prefrontal lobe can increase the serum BDNF concentration of the schizophrenia.There is no correlation between the changes of BDNF concentration and improved negative symptoms.

ObjectivesTo explore the characteristic of different subtypes of depression on prefrontal lobe and hippocampus by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS),and its relationship.Methods 46 patients of depression,which were met with the third edition of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CC-MD-Ⅲ ) since December 2010 to March 2012 from Mental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute,were examined at prefrontal lobe and hippocampus by multi-voxel 1 H-MRS.They were divided into male ( n =25) and female ( n =21 ),early-onset subtype ( n =26) and late-onset subtype ( n =20 ),short-duration of illness ( n =23 )and long-duration of illness ( n =23 ) by different criteria.The N-acetylaspartate ( NAA),Choline-congtaining compounds (Cho),and Creatine compounds (Cr) were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr were determined.ResultsOn left prefrontal lobe,the NAA/Cr ratios in patients of male ( 1.83 ± 0.19),late-onset subtype (1.86 ±0.16),and short-duration of illness ( 1.83 ±0.17) showed higher than those in female ( 1.70 ±0.12,t=2.711,P ＜ 0.01 ),early-onset subtype ( 1.70 ± 0.19,t =3.028,P ＜ 0.01 ),and long-duration of illness ( 1.71±0.20,t =2.192,P＜0.05).Both on left prefrontal and on left thalamus,the ratios of NAA/Cr were positively correlated with the age of onset ( r=0.493 and 0.478,P＜0.01 ),and were negatively correlated with the duration of illness ( r =- 0.482 and - 0.470,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsDifferent subtypes of depression maybe have different characteristics of 1H-MRS due to the age of onset and the duration of illness.