The deficiency of fingers due to various reasons leads to a certain degree of loss of full or part hand functions. Physical and mental health of patients are seriously affected, and patients have varying degrees of reduced quality of life. Prosthesis fingers play an important role in completing the body shape and enhancing patients’ self-confidence and self-esteem. However, how to make prosthesis fingers perform coordinated movements and restore complete functions is a crucial problem that urgently needs to be solved. This paper reviews the methods of brain-computer interface controlled fine finger movements and elaborates on the origin, current situation, and advancements of the development of this technology, laying a foundation for subsequent research, with the expectation of helping patients solve the problems arising from the insufficiency or absence of finger functions.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitoring counties of China s Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods: In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents marital status was divorced or widowed ( OR =1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms ( OR =0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.

Objective: To analyze the consumption frequency of major foods among Chinese children aged 6-17 years old, and to provide a basis for optimizing the dietary structure of children in China. Methods: Using data from the China Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application Program for Children 0-18 years old, 56 734 children aged 6-17 years old from North, Norththeast East, Central, South, Southwest and Northwest seven regions in China were selected for the study using stratified cluster random sampling from 2019 to 2021. A food frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the intake frequency of eight food groups in a month, including fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, livestock and poultry meats, aquatic products, eggs, dairy products, legumes, and cereals and potatoes. The foods were grouped according to whether they met the recommended intake criteria outlined in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents 2022. The〖KG*2〗χ2 test was used to compare the differences in the proportion of childrens intake frequency of each food group meeting the standard in different regions and age groups. Results: The proportions of Chinese children aged 6-17 years who consumed fresh vegetables and cereals and potatoes ≥3 times/d were 12.1% and 67.2%, respectively. The proportions of children who consumed fresh fruits, livestock and poultry meats, eggs and dairy products ≥1 time/d were 50.8%, 58.8%, 36.0% and 54.3%, respectively. The proportion of legumes consumed ≥4 times/week was 37.4%, and the proportion of aquatic products consumed ≥2 times/week was 39.7%. Fresh vegetables (5.5%), fresh fruits (33.1%), and dairy products (36.4%) had the lowest frequency of meeting the recommended standards in South China, and aquatic products (27.4%) and eggs (21.1%) had the lowest frequency of meeting the recommended standards in Northwest (P<0.008 3). Conclusion The overall intake frequency of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, legumes, and dairy products are insufficient among Chinese children, with significant regional variations.

Objective: To analyze the association of eating dining locations and their association with nutritional status among Chinese children aged 6-17 years,so as to provide reference for guiding children s reasonable diet. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 to 17 years from 28 cities and rural areas of 14 provinces in East, North, Central, South, Southwest, Northwest, Northeast of China, and a total of 52 535 children were included in the study from 2019 to 2021. Information including dining locations, demographic characteristics, dietary intakes and physical activity were collected through a questionnaire survey. Fasting body height and weight were measured in the morning. Unordered multiclass Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between dining locations and nutritional status in children. Results: Regarding children s dining locations, 66.3% ate breakfast at home,25.8% ate breakfast at school,7.9% ate breakfast outside (small dining tables, restaurants, stalls, etc.); 67.7% ate dinner at home,29.0% ate dinner at school,3.3% ate dinner outside; and 63.6% ate lunch at school,30.8% ate lunch at home,5.7% ate lunch outside. The prevalence rates of overweight/obesity and undernutrition were 28.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The adjusted multiclass Logistic regression analysis (controlling for age, region, parental education, household income, total energy intake, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) demonstrated that, compared to eating at home, school based breakfast and dinner consumption was associated with significantly lower overweight/obesity risks for both genders (boys: breakfast OR =0.70, 95% CI =0.65-0.75; dinner OR =0.80, 95% CI = 0.74- 0.86; girls: breakfast OR = 0.89 , 95% CI = 0.82-0.96; dinner OR =0.88, 95% CI =0.81-0.95), whereas eating lunch away from home significantly increased overweight/obesity risks (boys: OR =1.32, 95% CI =1.17-1.48; girls: OR =1.43, 95% CI =1.26- 1.62 ), with all associations being statistically significant ( P <0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, boys who ate breakfast away from home showed a significantly reduced risk of undernutrition ( OR =0.80,95% CI =0.66-0.97), while those consuming lunch away from home had an increased risk ( OR =1.26, 95% CI =1.01-1.57) ( P <0.05). Conclusions The choice of dining locations for children is becoming more diverse, and a relatively high proportion of children eat meals outside the home and at school. Eating out have a higher risk of malnutrition for children. School feeding may be beneficial to children s physical health.

Objective: To analyze the features of unhealthy lifestyle patterns among primary and secondary school students in the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students (NIPRCES) areas in China in 2021 and 2023, so as to provide data support for lifestyle promotion and healthy development among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Adopting a cluster random sampling method, data on primary and secondary students aged 7-15 years from nutrition and health surveillance of China NIPRCES in 2021 and 2023 were collected. The prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary students such as physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, excessive screen time, and sleep deprivation by gender, school section, urban/rural, and region were analyzed. The reporting rates of the above indicators among primary and secondary students were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In 2021 and 2023, the rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity among primary and secondary school students were 79.2% and 80.4%, the rates of outdoor inactivity were 42.8% and 49.3%, the rates of excessive video time were 2.6% and 2.9%, the rates of sleep deprivation were 32.9% and 22.6%, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=51.86,1 071.48,18.36,3 296.99, P <0.05). In 2023, the rate of outdoor inactivity for primary and secondary students increased by 6.5 percentage points compared with 2021, and the rate of sleep deprivation decreased by 10.3 percentage points compared with that in 2021. In 2021 and 2023, the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and sleep deprivation among girls and junior high school students were higher than those among boys ( χ 2=174.41,180.11; 175.75, 85.46 ;92.22,151.35) and elementary school students ( χ 2=136.64,5.75; 40.55,4.71;162.80,3 291.61); the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity( χ 2=194.43,118.60) and sleep deprivation ( χ 2=969.66,983.72) among urban students were higher than those among rural students; the reporting rates of excessive video time for boys and junior high school students were higher than those for girls ( χ 2=103.62,84.85) and elementary school students ( χ 2=810.09,626.51)( P <0.05). From a regional distribution perspective, the reporting rates of moderato to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and excessive video time among primary and seconday school students in the central and western regions were lower than those in the eastern region ( χ 2= 663.44,302.78; 356.97,82.10;50.89,81.83) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyles remain prevalent among primary and secondary students in NIPRCES areas of China. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy implementation for promoting healthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and its association with dietary patterns in children and adolescents in China, providing evidence for developing dietary intervention of hypertension in children and adolescents. Methods: Data were derived from the China Children s Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application Project(2019-2021). A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to include 7 933 participants from 28 survey sites in seven major regions of Northeast, North, Northwest, East, Central, South and Southwest China. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between demographic characteristics, nutritional status and elevated blood pressure. Exploratory factor analysis identified dietary patterns, which were divided into three quartile groups (T3, T2, T1) based on factor scores (compliance for dietary pattern) from high to low, and multivariate Logistic regression model assessed the correlation between elevated blood pressure and dietary patterns. Results: The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 15.4% among Chinese children aged 7-17 years. Significant differences were observed across nutritional status (reference: underweight; normal weight: OR =1.57; overweight: OR = 2.61 ; obesity: OR =3.85), urban/rural residence (reference: rural; urban: OR =0.86), and paternal education (reference: junior high school and below; bachelor degree or above: OR =0.68) ( P <0.05). The detection rates of high blood pressure in T3 group children and adolescents with four dietary patterns (staple food, animal based food, snacks, vegetables and fruits) were 15.7%, 14.6%, 16.8%, and 15.8%, respectively. After adjusting for residence, paternal education, and nutritional status, the "snack dietary pattern" (mainly candy, sugar sweetened beverages, and processed snacks) showed positive associations with elevated blood pressure in T2 ( OR =1.21) and T3 ( OR =1.19) tertiles ( P <0.05). Conclusions The snack dietary pattern is a related factor for elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents. Restricting unhealthy snack intake may promote cardiovascular health.

A combined radiation-wound injury refers to a radiation injury combined with a traumatic wound, with the characteristics of repeated ulceration and a long and difficult healing process, which is a focus in the field of research on difficult-to-heal wounds. To research combined radiation-wound injuries, the establishment of animal models is a key part, and appropriate animal models are a guarantee of reliable experimental results. This review summarizes the current research progress on various animal models of combined radiation-wound injuries in terms of radiation types, animal species, and injury types and location, aiming to provide a scientific basis for establishing standardized animal models, studying injury mechanisms, and evaluating prevention and treatment efficacy for combined radiation-wound injuries.

Objective To investigate the application value of quantitative parameters MRFDGmax and SUVmax in the stages of hepatitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in rats by whole-body dynamic 18 F-FDG PET/CT Patlak imaging.Methods Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each,which were the normal group,hepatitis group,liver fibrosis group and cirrhosis group.According to the experimental grouping,rats in each group were induced by the CC14 oil solution complex method.Whole-body dynamic 18 F-FDG PET/CT patlak imaging was performed on each group of rats separately at the completion of induction.After the imaging was com-pleted,the MRFDGmax,SUVmax and CT values of the livers of each group were analyzed;subsequently,the serum of rats in each group was extracted for the detection of liver function indexes(AST,ALT and ALP),and HE staining was performed on the livers of rats in the normal,hepatitis and cirrhosis groups,and Masson staining was performed on those in the liver fibrosis group;the α-SMA expression in the liver tissues of each group was analyzed by immu-nohistochemical method.The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,two independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results MRFDGmax,SUVmax values were statistically significant differences among normal,hep-atitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis groups(F=84.54,38.35,P＜0.001).The difference in CT values between liver fibrosis and cirrhosis groups was not statistically significant(t=-0.407,P=0.693),and the difference was statistically significant when compared between the rest of the groups(F=112.25,P＜0.001).Compared with the normal group,AST,ALT and ALP of the experimental group showed a staged increase,and the differences were statistically significant(F=93.32,64.63,145.03,P＜0.001).HE staining showed that hepatocytes of the normal group were neatly arranged and structurally intact;a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the hepa-titis group with steatosis;pseudo lobe formation was observed in the cirrhosis group.Masson staining of the liver fi-brosis group showed collagen fiber proliferation and thickening of the peritoneum.Immunohistochemistry test results showed that α-SMA expression increased in hepatitis group,liver fibrosis group and cirrhosis group,with a staged increase,and the difference was statistically significant(F=80.57,P＜0.001).Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between SUVmax and MRFDGmax(r=0.967,P＜0.01).α-SMA was positively correlated with AST,ALT and ALP in the hepatitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis groups,respectively(r=0.924,0.756,0.934,P＜0.01).Conclusion Whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT Patlak imaging has application value in monitoring hepatitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis stages through quantitative parameters MRFDGmax and SUVmax changes.

AIM To explore the clinical effects of Supplemented Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on patients with HP-positive chronic atrophic gastritis of Spleen-Stomach Deficiency Pattern.METHODS One hundred and thirty-two patients were randomly assigned into control group(66 cases)for 12-week intervention of conventional treatment,and observation group(66 cases)for 12-week intervention of both Supplemented Buzhong Yiqi Decoction and conventional treatment.The changes in clinical effects,HP clearance rate,miR-32,TGF-β1,IL-6,PGⅠ,PGⅡ,EGF,somatostatin,gastrin,motilin,gastroscopy pathological score and TCM symptom score were detected.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated higher total effective rate and HP clearance rate than the control group(P<0.05).After the treatment,the two groups displayed decreased miR-32,TGF-β1,IL-6,gastroscopy pathological score,TCM symptom score(P<0.05),and increased PGⅠ,PGⅡ,EGF,somatostatin,gastrin,motilin(P<0.05),especially for the observation group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION For the patients with HP-positive chronic atrophic gastritis of Spleen-Stomach Deficiency Pattern,Supplemented Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can alleviate inflammation,regulate gastrointestinal hormone levels,improve symptoms,and enhance efficacy.

Objective To monitor and evaluate the synergistic antitumor effects of programmed death-1(PD-1)checkpoint inhibitor combined with radiation therapy through whole-body dynamic 18 F-Fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)and Patlak multi-parametric analysis.Methods B16F10 mel-anoma dual-tumor mouse model was established and randomly divided into control,PD-1 monoclonal antibody,ra-diation-only,and combination groups(n=6).Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging was performed before and 24 hours post-treatment.The changes of maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax)and metabolic rate of FDG(MRFDG)changes were analyzed and compared.Mice were then euthanized,tumors excised and underwent histo-pathology with HE,CD8,Ki-67 staining to assess immune infiltration and proliferation.Distal tumor volumes were monitored during treatment.Results At 24 hours post-treatment,in the primary tumors,SUVmax and MRFDG values increased compared to pre-treatment in the control group(P＜0.000 1),while they decreased in the combination treatment group(P＜0.000 1),with statistically significant differences.In the distal tumors,SUVmax and MRFDG values increased compared to pre-treatment in the control group,PD-1 monoclonal antibody group,and radiothera-py-alone group.The SUVmax differences were statistically significant in the control group before and after treatment(P＜0.000 1).MRFDG values in the distal tumors showed statistically significant differences in all three groups(P＜0.01 or P＜0.000 1).In the combination treatment group,SUVmax and MRFDG values in the distal tumors de-creased significantly compared to pre-treatment(P＜0.000 1).Post-treatment comparison of SUVmax and MRFDG values in the distal tumors showed that statistically significant differences in SUVmax and MRFDG values were observed among all groups except between the radiotherapy-alone and PD-1 monoclonal antibody groups(all P＜0.05).Im-munohistochemistry results showed that the mean absorbance value of CD8 T lymphocytes in the distal tumor was significantly higher than that in the other three groups(P＜0.001);the mean absorbance value of Ki-67 immuno-histochemistry in the distal tumor proliferation index was significantly lower than that in the other three groups(P＜0.001).Conclusion The synergistic effects of combined treatment reduced distal tumor growth.Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT Patlak multi-parametric imaging can monitor the synergistic effects of PD-1 antibody and radiotherapy in B16F10 melanoma,providing reliable imaging parameters for optimizing combinatorial therapies.