Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)combined with allograft bone transplantation in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.Methods A total of 177 patients with lumbar tuberculosis admitted to the 4th People's Hospital of Qinghai Province from August 2018 to August 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Patients were divided into control group(n=49)and observation group(n=128)based on the source of the transplanted bone.All patients underwent at least 2 weeks of standard quadruple anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy before surgery.Patients in the control group received PDGF combined with autograft bone transplantation,while patients in the observation group received PDGF combined with allograft bone transplantation.The surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,and length of hospital stay of patients in the two groups were recorded;the erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and serum C-reactive protein(CRP)levels of patients in the two groups were compared before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery.Preoperative CT and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examinations were performed,and postoperative CT and MRI were performed after bone fusion was completed to compare the changes in Cobb angle before and after surgery.The visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to assess the pain degree in the lumbar region before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery.The VAS scores of patients in the two groups,VAS scores of male patients in the two groups,and VAS scores of female patients in the two groups were compared before and after surgery,respectively.Results There was no statistically significant difference in surgical duration and length of hospital stay between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).The intraoperative blood loss of patients in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in Cobb angle before and after surgery between the two groups(P＞0.05).The postoperative Cobb angle significantly decreased in both groups when compared to preoperative values(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of patients in both groups decreased sequentially before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery,with statistically significant differences in intra-group pairwise comparisons(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of male patients in both groups decreased sequentially before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery,with statistically significant differences in intra-group pairwise comparisons(P＜0.05).The VAS scores of female patients in both groups also decreased sequentially before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery,with statistically significant differences in intra-group pairwise comparisons(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between the observation group and the control group before surgery and at 1,6 months after surgery(P＞0.05);the VAS score of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between male patients in the observation group and male patients in the control group before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery(P＞0.05);the VAS score of male patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between female patients in the observation group and female patients in the control group before surgery and at 1,6 months after surgery(P＞0.05);the VAS score of female patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05).The ESR of patients in both groups decreased sequentially before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery,with statistically significant differences in intra-group pairwise comparisons(P＜0.05).The serum CRP levels of patients in both groups also decreased sequentially before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery,with statistically significant differences in intra-group pairwise comparisons(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in ESR between the observation group and the control group before surgery and at 1,3,6 months after surgery(P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in serum CRP level between the observation group and the control group before surgery and at 1,6 months after surgery(P＞0.05);the serum CRP level of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 3 months after surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion The effect of PDGF combined with allograft bone transplantation in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis is comparable to that of autograft bone transplantation,but PDGF combined with allograft bone transplantation can significantly reduce postoperative pain degree,improve patient comfort,avoid additional damage caused by autograft bone transplantation,and reduce the physical burden on patients.It can be considered a safe and reliable surgical method for bone grafting in lumbar tuberculosis surgery.

Background Plateau environment may pose a serious impact on the physiological and psychological stress of people stationed on a plateau, especially for those engaged in military training and occupational activities. There is an urgent need to find drugs to prevent and treat injuries caused by high-altitude environment. Objective To analyze the current status, hotspots, and future trends of domestic and international research in the field of prevention and treatment of high-altitude disease (HAD) by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and provide references for scientific research. Methods Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for literature on TCM and HAD published from inception to 2022. Excel, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and RStudio softwares were used to conduct visual analysis on the number of publications, types of publications, journals, authors, research institutions, and keywords. Results A total of 501 publications were evaluated in the present study, including 443 Chinese publications and 58 English publications. The annual number of publications showed a rising trend. MA Huiping was the leading author in number of publications in Chinese (37 publications), and ZHANG Yi and MENG Xianli were the leading authors in the number of publications in English (both 8 publications), respectively. The institutions with the most publications in Chinese were The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army and Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Region (both 32 publications), and the institution with the most publications in English was Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (8 publications), respectively. The Chinese and English journals with the largest number of publications were the Journal of High Altitude Medicine (39 publications) and the Journal of Ethnopharmacology (10 publications), respectively. The most highly cited Chinese and English literature included Effects of rhodiola on the free radical metabolism and serum creatine kinase after exercise at plateau (61 citations) and Anti-hypoxic activity at simulated high altitude was isolated in petroleum ether extract of Saussurea involucrate (68 citations) , respectively. The most frequent keywords in the Chinese and English literature were high altitude polycythemia and oxidative stress, respectively. The keyword time zone and emergence maps showed that the research hotspots in this field shifted from prevention and treatment of HAD to animal experiments, and then to mechanisms of action, in which oxidative stress, hypoxic injury, inflammation, and apoptosis were the main focuses. Conclusion The research of TCM against HAD is identified from early clinical observation to associations between clinical outcome variation and pharmacological mechanisms, and further to applying multi-omics techniques to explore the physical basis of TCM efficacy and mechanisms of action with focuses like TCM formula and single herb active ingredients, so as to elaborate potential scientific connotation of TCM against HAD.

Abstract: To investigate the differential expression of lncRNA SH3BP5-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and the possible mechanism of promoting hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods: The expression of SH3BP5-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue/paraneoplastic tissue(n=91) was detected by qRT-PCR. TCGA database visualization software UALCAN analyzed SH3BP5-AS1 expression in a large sample of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues(n= 371). The expression of SH3BP5-AS1 was detected by qRT-PCR in normal hepatocytes THLE-2 and hepatoma cell lines Huh 7, BEL-7405, SNU-387, Hep 3 B. After silencing SH3BP5-AS1 expression by siRNA technology, the effects of silencing SH3BP5-AS1 on the proliferation of Hep 3 B cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, cell clone formation assay and Edu assay, and the effects of silencing SH3BP5-AS1 on apoptosis and cycle of Hep 3 B cells were detected by flow-through assay. Based on the expression of SH3BP5-AS1 and TM6 SF2 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, the expression correlation was counted and analyzed. Results: SH3BP5-AS1 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. SH3BP5-AS1 was highly expressed in a large sample of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues from the TCGA database SH3BP5-AS1 was highly expressed in different hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Huh 7, BEL-7405, SNU-387 and Hep 3 B to a different extent. Silencing of SH3BP5-AS1 by siRNA inhibited the proliferation ability of Hep 3 B cells, promoted apoptosis ability, affected the cell cycle and increased the number of G1 phase cells. SH3BP5-AS1 and TM6 SF2 expression were negatively correlated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Conclusion SH3BP5-AS1 is an important oncogenic non-coding RNA that can provide a theoretical basis for tumour-targeted therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:To synthesize Gd labeled probe targeting transporter protein(TSPO) 2-(8-amino-2-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo[1, 2-a]pyridine-3-yl)- N, N-dipropylacetamide (CB86)-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), and investigate its MRI effect in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. Methods:CB86-DTPA was prepared by coupling a bifunctional chelating agent, and then chelated with Gd to obtain MRI targeted contrast agent CB86-DTPA-Gd. The cytotoxicity, MR relaxation rate and in vitro stability of CB86-DTPA-Gd were determined. RA model was established with Freund′s adjuvant and the biodistribution study and MRI was performed. The RA lesion and its surrounding normal tissue were used as regions of interest (ROI) to calculate the signal to noise ratio (SNR). Independent-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results:CB86-DTPA-Gd had excellent biosafety and a good MR relaxation rate ( r1=11.05 mmol·L -1·s -1). The survival rate of RAW264.7 cells and 4T1 cells was still more than 90% at the maximum concentration (20 μmol/L) of Gd 3+. CB86-DTPA-Gd also exhibited good stability in human serum and phosphate buffer saline solution (PBS; pH=7.4). The in vivo biodistribution showed that CB86-DTPA-Gd had better inflammatory targeting efficiency, and the uptake of Gd in the inflamed site of the ankle joint was still (2.33±0.29) percent dose rate per gram of tissue (%ID/g) at 120 min after injection. MicroMRI showed that the inflammation of the right ankle joint displayed significant enhancement after the injection of CB86-DTPA-Gd and Gd-DTPA. The SNR of CB86-DTPA-Gd group was up to 23.21±1.44, and the maximum intensification time was 90 min after injection, and can be significantly inhibited by CB86-DTPA at all time points ( t values: 6.083-12.451, all P<0.05), while the Gd-DTPA group had a strengthening time of 30 min after injection with the SNR of 16.12±1.24. Conclusion:CB86-DTPA-Gd shows good macrophage targeting and good uptake in arthritic reaction sites, and is expected to be a novel MRI molecular probe for peripheral inflammation imaging.

Objective To synthesize a novel 18 F labeled probe targeting translocator protein ( TSPO) ligand 2-( 5, 7-diethyl-2-( 4-( 2-fluoroethoxy ) phenyl ) pyrazolo [ 1, 5-a ] pyrimidin-3-yl )-N, N-diethylacet-amide (VUIIS1008), and evaluate its biodistribution and imaging in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model. Methods The tosylate substrate was labeled with 18 F using a tosyloxy for fluorine nucleophilic aliphatic substitution to obtain 18 F-VUIIS1008. The labeling efficiency, radiochemical purity, and stability in vitro were determined. In vitro cellular uptake and competitive binding assay were performed on RAW264.7 mac-rophage cells. Biodistribution and microPET/CT imaging were investigated on RA mice established by Com-plete Freund's Adjuvant. Two-sample t test was used to analyze the data. Results 18 F-VUIIS1008 was syn-thesized with the labeling yield up to (41.00±5.00)％, the radiochemical purity>98.00％, and the specific radioactivity >1. 52 × 108 MBq/mmol. 18 F-VUIIS1008 was highly stable with the radiochemical purity >98. 00％ at 4 h after incubation in mouse serum. In vitro, it also exhibited high specific TSPO binding in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The uptake ratio was (14.00±0.30)％ at 1 h after incubation, and decreased significantly ((4.00±0.70)％;t=12.894, P<0.05) after adding excessive unlabeled VUIIS1008. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 18F-VUIIS1008 binding to TSPO was 0.05 nmol/L in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In vivo distribution results showed that the uptake of 18 F-VUIIS1008 in the left arthritic ankles reached the peak value of (1.33±0.02) percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (％ID/g) at 1 h after injection. The radioactivity ratio of left ankle arthritic tissue to blood ( A/B) and to normal muscle ( A/M) was 4.40±0.22 and 1.65±0.07 respectively. MicroPET/CT imaging demonstrated that 18F-VUIIS1008 could specifically target and retained in the inflammation site. Conclusion 18 F-VUIIS1008 can be easily synthe-sized with high radiochemical purity and can clearly visualized in RA imaging with low background, suggesting its potential as a novel promising molecular probe targeting TSPO for RA PET imaging.

A viable spermatozoon is a prerequisite for fertilization in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Thus, it is crucial to select viable but immotile spermatozoa on the day of ICSI. We report conflicting results in the identification of viable but immotile spermatozoa between the eosin-nigrosin staining and the laser test, which resulted in confusion for embryologists during assisted reproductive technology (ART). Three patients’ semen samples that showed no motile spermatozoa are described in this report. To identify viable spermatozoa, we used both the eosin-nigrosin test and the laser test for each sample, and repeated the semen analysis twice in each patient. Viable but immotile spermatozoa selected by the laser test were used for ICSI. Viable spermatozoa were detected by both the eosin-nigrosin and laser tests in two patients (case 1, 95.00% vs. 24.21% and 92.68% vs. 22.22%; case 2, 41.18% vs. 23.48% and 39.81% vs. 22.52%), indicating consistent results between the two methods. In the third patient, the eosin-nigrosin test yielded viability rates of 20.75% and 19.14%, while the result of the laser test was 0%. Thus, testicular aspiration was performed to collect viable sperm from this patient. Normal fertilization was achieved after the injection of viable but immotile spermatozoa selected from these patients by the laser test, resulting in the birth of two healthy babies. Our study documents a case where the eosin-nigrosin test showed a limitation in identifying viable but immotile spermatozoa for ART, while the laser test may overcome this limitation. Larger samples may be required to corroborate the clinical value of the laser test.
Fertilization ; Humans ; Parturition ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa

OBJECTIVE To study the cardiotoxicity of ophiopogonin D′(OPD′) for rat H9c2 cardio? myocytes. METHODS H9c2 cells were exposed to OPD′ 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20, 25 and 50 μmol·L-1 for 24 h. Cell viability was examined by MTS assay, and the morphological changes in H9c2 cells were quanti? fied. The cell nucleus injury was examined by high content immune fluorescence screening and the morphological changes were observed under a fluorescence microscope. After treatment with OPD′ 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L- 1 for 24 h, the effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial mem? brane potential(MMP) and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The viability was sig? nificantly reduced following exposure to OPD′ 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20, 25 and 50 μmol·L- 1 (P<0.05,P<0.01). The IC50 value was 9.9 μmol ·L- 1 and cell shrinkage and apoptosis occurred. The levels of ROS and apoptosis rate of H9c2 cells were significantly increased after exposure to OPD′ 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 for 24 h (P<0.05,P<0.01) and MMP markedly declined (P<0.05,P<0.01). CONCLUSION OPD′ has significent cytotoxicity on H9c2 cells. It may be related to inducing apopotsis pathways.

Objective To investigate the effect of blastocyst quality on the strategy of single blastocyst transfer in frozen-thawed cycles. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in Reproductive Medicine Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on clinical data of single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles from January 2008 to December 2013. All cycles were divided into four groups (AA, AB/BA, BB, BC/CB) according to the blastocyst score, then the clinical outcomes were compared between groups. And on this basis, the clinical outcomes were further explored when the group of outcomes with single blastocyst transfer wasn′t ideal, which would diverted to transfer two blastocyst. Results In single frozen blastocyst transfer cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate of each group with the blastocyst scored AA, AB/BA, BB, BC/CB were 61.4%(470/765), 51.2%(330/645), 40.5%(407/1 005), 22.9%(60/262), live births rate in each group were 52.2%(399/765), 41.2%(266/645), 30.4%(306/1 005), 13.7%(36/262), and the abortion rate were 13.6%(64/470), 16.7%(55/330), 21.4%(87/407), 35.0%(21/60), separately. This showed that the clinical pregnancy rate and live births rate decreased significantly with the decline of blastocyst quality (P<0.01), but the abortion rate showed significant upward trend (P<0.01). When single blastocyst scored≥BB grade transferred, an acceptable clinical pregnancy rate (>40%) and live births rate (>30%) could be obtained, however, the clinical pregnancy rate of 22.9% and live births rate of 13.7%could only be acquired when blastocyst scored BC/CB only transferred one embryo, which significant lower than those of each group scored ≥BB grade (P<0.01). So, after that, the blastocyst scored BC/CB were further divided into two groups (single blastocyst transferred versus two blastocyst transferred) to investigate, then the result showed that the clinical pregnancy rate [22.9%versus 38.5%(67/174), P<0.01] and live births rate [13.7%versus 30.5%(16/67), P<0.01] were significantly increased in the group of two blastocyst transferred compared with the group of one blastocyst transferred, and the abortion rate was also significantly decreased from 35.0%to 17.9%(12/67;P<0.05). So when two blastocyst scored BC/CB were transferred, the clinical outcomes were similar to the group of one blastocyst scored BB transferred (P>0.05). Conclusions Of single blastocyst transfer in frozen-thawed cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate and liver births rate showed significant upward trend, but the abortion rate showed significant downward trend, with the decline of blastocyst quality. When the blastocyst scored ≥BB grade, the single blastocyst transfer could be considered to be performed.

Aim To study the effect of emodin in Po-lygonum multiflorum on the expression of CYP450 isoenzymes in L02 hepatocytes and explore its mecha-nism of cytotoxicity. Methods L02 cells were treated with different concentrations of emodin. Cell viability was examined by MTS assay kit, and cell membrane injury was examined by detecting the release rate of lactate dehydrogenase( LDH) . The expression of cyto-chrome P450 mRNA was detected by real time PCR. Results The result of MTS assay showed that L02 cells viability was significantly reduced following expo-sure to emodin in a concentration and time dependent manner. The LDH release rate of L02 cells significant-ly increased after exposure to emodin for 48 h com-pared with the control group. On the mRNA level, compared with the control group,emodin had inductive effects on mRNA of each CYP450 enzyme, while had significant inductive effects on mRNA of CYP1 A1 and CYP1 B1 in a concentration and time dependent man-ner. Conclusion Emodin in Polygonum multiflorum may generate significant liver injury in L02 cells and has inductive effects on CYP450 enzyme activity.

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy(HDIP),to explore the significance of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in HDIP.MethodsThe levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 in 30 patients with HDIP( 11 cases with gestational hypertension,11 casses with mild preeclampsia,8 cases with severe preeclampsia) and 18 healthy pregnant women were detected.ResultsThe levels of serum TNF-α in HDIP were( 1.88 ±0.48) μg/L,(2.32 ±0.40) μg/L and(2.35 ± 0.42) μg/L,The levels of serum IL-6 of HDIP were (99.54 ± 31.62) ng/L,( 120.53 ± 26.42)ng/L,( 140.83 ± 22.13 ) ng/L respectively,the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in healthy pregnant women were( 1.63 ± 0.32)μg/L and(95.82 ± 30.65 )ng/L,there was significant difference among them ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in HDIP were higer than those in healthy pregnant women,and vascular endothelium cell injury should play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of HDIP.