ObjectiveTo explore the central neuroregulation mechanism of heat-sensitive moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis on pain relief. MethodsThirty patients who did not have experience of Deqi （得气） during heat-sensitive moxibustion treatment were assigned to the "non-Deqi group"， while another 30 patients who had experience of Deqi were assigned to the "Deqi group". Both groups received moxibustion at the left Heding （EX-LE2） acupoint. In the Deqi group， after the patients experienced sensation of Deqi at the acupoint， moxibustion was applied at approximately 3 cm from the skin for 10 minutes； in the non-Deqi group， moxibustion was also applied at approximately 3 cm from the skin for 10 minutes. Both groups received treatment once daily for 10 consecutive days. Knee joint pain was assessed before and after treatment using the visual analog scale （VAS）. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging （rs-fMRI） scans were performed on all participants before the first treatment session and after the final session on the 10th day. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations （fALFF） maps before and after treatment were processed using the SPM12 module by MATLAB. ResultsAfter treatment， VAS scores in both groups were significantly lower than before treatment （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， with the Deqi group showing significantly lower VAS scores than the non-Deqi group （P＜0.01）. Compared to before treatment， the Deqi group exhibited significant activation in the prefrontal cortex （t = 6.28）， white matter （t = 6.36）， and left temporal lobe （t = 9.33）， while significant inhibition was observed in the occipital lobe （t = -9.86） and right cerebrum （t = -4.54， P＜0.01）； in the non-Deqi group， significant changes after treatment were observed in the left occipital lobe （t = -6.42）， left medial frontal gyrus （t = -4.35）， left middle frontal gyrus （t = -4.74）， right superior frontal gyrus （t = -4.82）， right superior temporal gyrus （t = -6.61）， and right cerebellar posterior lobe （t = -8.64）， all of which were in inhibited states （P＜0.01）. Compared to the non-Deqi group， the Deqi group exhibited significant activation after treatment in the external nucleus （t = 5.77）， white matter （t = 3.58）， right cerebrum （t = 5.84）， left cerebellum （t = 5.35）， and left cerebrum （t = 4.32）， while significant inhibition was observed in the prefrontal cortex （t = -4.16）， occipital lobe （t = -4.87）， and precentral gyrus （t = -4.46， P＜0.01）. ConclusionsHeat-sensitive moxibustion provides better analgesic effects for knee osteoarthritis under state of Deqi. Its central neuroregulation mechanism may be related to the involvement of the frontal lobe， temporal lobe， occipital lobe， external nucleus， white matter， right cerebrum， left cerebellum， left cerebrum， and precentral gyrus in modulating pain signals.

Objective To investigate the differences in clinical and radiographic features between severe influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 in children.Methods The clinical and radiographic data of children diagnosed with severe influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the pathogen subtypes,they were divided into H1N1 group(34 cases)and H3N2 group(23 cases).Differences in clinical data,laboratory results,treatment,hospitalization time,outcome,and radiographic features between the two groups were analyzed.The t-test was used for the comparison of normally distributed measurement data between the groups,and Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of non-normally distributed measurement data between the groups.Chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method was used for the analysis of counting data,depending on the situation.Results There were differences in the season of onset,clinical and radiographic features between the two groups.H1N1 subtype mostly occurred in win-ter,and mainly manifested as respiratory symptoms(wheezing/shortness of breath)and respiratory complications(severe pneumonia).H3N2 subtype was mainly observed in summer,and more likely to involve the central nervous system(CNS),presenting with neuro-logical symptoms(convulsions),abnormal electroencephalogram,and concurrent influenza associated encephalopathy(IAE).Conclusion There are significant differences in epidemiology,clinical and radiographic features between severe influenza A H1N1 and H3N2.H3N2 has a higher probability of concurrent IAE and should be highly vigilant in clinical practice.

Objective This test aimed to investigate the factors affecting the locking force between the implant and abutment and the amount of abutment subsidence in pure Morse taper connection implant systems.Methods With ref-erence to the Bicon implant abutment connection design,different types of implant specimens and their corresponding types of abutments were fabricated.The implant-abutment locking taper was uniformly 1.5°.The locking depths were 1.0,2.0,and 3.0 mm.The diameters of the locking column were 2.5,3.0,and 3.5 mm.The thicknesses of the outer wall of the implant were 0.15 and 0.30 mm.The loading forces of the testing machine were 200,300,and 400 N.At least 10 specimens of each group of implant-abutment were used.All specimens were loaded in the same manner using a univer-sal testing machine(finger pressure + specified loading force,five times).The total height of the implant-abut-ment was measured before finger pressure,after finger pressure,and after the testing machine was loaded for five times to calculate the amount of sinking of the abutment.Finally,the implant and abutment were pulled apart using the universal testing machine,and the subluxation force was observed and recorded.Results The test loading force,locking depth,and locking post diameter had an effect on the implant-abutment locking force and abutment subsidence.The implant-abutment locking force increased with the increase in the test loading force,locking depth,and locking post diameter(R=0.963,0.607,and 0.372,respectively),with the test loading force having the most significant effect.Abut-ment subsidence increased with the increase in test loading force(R=0.645)and decreased with the increase in locking depth and locking post diameter(R=-0.807 and-0.280,respectively),with locking depth having the most significant ef-fect on abutment subsidence.No significant correlation was found between the thickness of the outer wall of the implant and the change in the magnitude of the implant-abutment locking force.However,an increase in the thickness of the out-er wall of the implant decreased the amount of abutment subsidence,which was inversely correlated.Conclusion The locking force of the implant-abutment can be increased by adjusting the design of the pure Morse taper connection im-plant-abutment connection,increasing the locking depth and locking post diameter,and increasing the amount and num-ber of times the abutment is loaded during seating.Problems,such as loosening or detachment of the abutment,can be re-duced.The recommended abutment to be loaded should be no less than five times during seating to prevent the abutment from sinking and causing changes in the occlusal relationship in the later stages.Preliminary occlusal adjustments should only be conducted in the early stages of the use of temporary restorations,and final restorations and occlusal adjustments are recommended to be performed after using the abutment for a period of time.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the mid-and long-term clinical efficacies of simple taper retentive implants for immediate placement in chronic apical infected teeth in the posterior region.Methods A total of 36 pa-tients with 41 simple taper retentive implants were included in the study conducted.These patients underwent immediate implant treatment for teeth with chronic apical infection in the posterior region.The soft and hard tissues surrounding the implants were assessed and documented over a period of 5 years following the completion of crown restoration.Re-sults During the 5 years follow-up period,one implant failed with mobility,and the implant survival rate was 97.6％.The mean marginal bone resorption was(-0.74±1.03)mm from the immediate post-implant placement to the immediate post-crown restoration,and the difference in marginal bone heights between the two time points was statistically signifi-cant(P＜0.05).The mean marginal bone resorption was(-0.21±0.70)mm from the immediate post-crown restoration to the 5-year post-crown restoration,and the difference in marginal bone height between the two time points was not statisti-cally significant(P＞0.05).No significant difference(P＞0.05)was observed in bone resorption between mesial and distal,maxillary and mandibular,different tooth posi-tions,and different implant lengths.The soft tissue sur-rounding the implants remained healthy at the 5 years follow-up period,one implant exhibited peri-implantitis,and no mechanical complications were observed.The overall satisfaction of patients was good.Conclusion Immediate place-ment of simple taper retentive implants after thorough debridement of chronic infected alveolar socket in the posterior re-gion can achieve good mid-and long-term clinical outcomes after 5 years of loading.The soft and hard tissues were maintained in a steady state,which expanded the indications for immediate implantation.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of simple taper retentive implants in the posterior dental area after immediate implantation for 5-7 years. METHODS: Selected from January 2015 to December 2017 in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University dental clinic line tooth area immediately after the implant prosthesis, a total of 38 patients, 53 implants, were deep into (bone under 2 mm or higher) and the upper structure was repaired. In addition, after the completion of tracking observation of 60-90 months, the implant surrounding bone health was recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: After 5-7 years of follow-up, 1 of the 53 implants failed to fall out, and the implant retention rate was 98.1%. The amount of bone resorption in the proximal and distal margins 5-7 years after implant restoration was (0.16±0.94) mm and (-0.01±1.29) mm, respectively, and the difference in bone height between the proximal and distal margins of the implant and the immediate post-restoration period was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the effects of periodontitis, implant site inflammation, and smoking on peri-implant marginal bone resorption (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The single taper-retained implant broadens the indications for immediate implant placement in the posterior region, and its deep sub-osseous placement (≥2 mm below the bone) avoids to a certain extent the disturbance of the implant by external stimuli and the exposure of the cervical abutment of the implant, with the good long-term stability of the marginal bone around the implant.
Humans ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Immediate Dental Implant Loading ; Follow-Up Studies ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; Alveolar Bone Loss/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Dental Restoration Failure

Epidermoid cysts are generally benign neoplastic lesions, the etiology of which is unclear and is mainly related to epithelial cells left in the tissues during the embryonic period and traumatically implanted in the tissues. The most common intraosseous sites are the phalanges and the skull. Epidermoid cysts occurring in the jaws are clinically rare. In this paper, we report a case of epidermoid cyst occurring in the mandible with embedded teeth and discuss the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of epidermoid cysts in the jaws in the context of the relevant literature.
Humans ; Epidermal Cyst/surgery* ; Skull ; Mandible ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelial Cells

Objective:To investigate the effects of case-based learning combined with clinical anatomy in neurosurgery internships.Methods:We included students in grades 2014 and 2015 (test group, n=58) and those in grade 2013 (control group, n=48) doing internships in The first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. The test group adopted case-based learning combined with clinical anatomy in the form of neurosurgery intern learning groups. The group learning consisting of four sessions was held twice a week for a total of four times. The traditional teaching method was used in the control group. All the students filled in the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale before and after neurosurgery internships. The test group filled in the Satisfaction Survey on case-based learning combined with clinical anatomy after neurosurgery internships. SPSS 20.0 was used to perform t test. Results:Before neurosurgery internships, there was no difference in self-directed learning ability between the test group and control group ( t=0.25, P=0.807). After the internships, the total score of self-directed learning ability was significantly improved in both the test group ( t=-6.49, P<0.001) and the control group ( t=-4.68, P<0.001). The test group showed improvements in six learning factors, while the control group had no significant changes in love of learning and learning motivation. Compared with the control group, the test group showed a significantly higher total score of self-directed learning ability ( t=2.17, P=0.032) and significantly higher scores of efficient learning ( t=3.81, P=0.001) and learning motivation ( t=4.20, P=0.001). The students in the test group were generally satisfied with the new method combining case-based learning and clinical anatomy. Conclusion:The new method combining case-based learning and clinical anatomy has positive effects on students' self-directed learning ability, especially on learning efficiency and motivation, with a high degree of satisfaction from the students.

Molecular nuclear medicine is a new subject that uses nuclear medicine technology to study the changes of molecular level in organisms in order to understand their functional changes. 2021 Radiological Society of North America annual meeting has more than 40 academic reports on molecular nuclear medicine. The main content includes new tracers and new imaging methods in tumors (prostate cancer, breast cancer, rectal cancer, etc.) and other diseases (Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Alzheimer′s disease, Parkinson′s disease, etc.). This article reviews the relevant research progress.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by alveolar and pulmonary microvascular dysplasia.It happens in premature infants, which is a major cause of death and long-term complications in premature infants.Chest radiology examination is essential for BPD, which not only reveals main radiological features such as pulmonary hyperinflation, pulmonary fibrosis and atelectasis, but also evaluates the severity and progression.These provide significant information for clinical treatment and follow-up study of children with BPD.

Objective:To explore the action mechanism of suppressing expression of mitogen- activated protein kinase 14（MAPK14）to alleviate glutamate excitatory toxicity and its neuronal protection effect.Methods:Lentivirus-mediated MAPK14 interference vector was synthetized by Shanghai Jikai Gene Chemical Technology Co.，Ltd. Astrocytes were obtained from SD rats 48 hours after birth，which were cultured in vitro and transfected by lentivirus-mediated transfection. According to the random number table，the cells were divided into three groups：（1）un-transfected group（normal group）with normal astrocytes and the cells were cultured in regular medium composed of Dulbecco's?modified Eagle's?medium（DMEM）；（2）negative control group with astrocytes transfected by MAPK14 no-loaded interference vector；（3）lentivirus transfected group with astrocytes transfected by MAPK14 interference vector. Seventy-two hours after transfection，astrocytes were co-cultured with neurons for 48 hours，and then they were cultured in a medium containing glutamate for 2 hours. The detection indexes included the optimal multiplicity of infection（MOI）value for astrocytes transfected by lentivirus vector，mRNA levels of MAPK14 and glial glutamate transporter 1（GLT-1）detected by rPCR 72 hours after transfection，protein levels of MAPK14 and GLT-1 detected by Western blot 72 hours after transfection，level of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）and mortality of neurons measured by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry 2 hours after culturing in the medium with glutamate. Results:（1）The optimal MOI value for lentivirus transfecting astrocytes was 30，and astrocytes grew well after transfection.（2）Seventy-two after transfection，the mRNA level of MAPK14 in lentivirus transfected group（0.005 7±0.000 6）was significantly decreased as compared with un-transfected group（0.013 1±0.001 1）and negative control group（0.013 9±0.001 0）（ P<0.01），the mRNA level of GLT-1 in lentivirus transfected group（0.009 1±0.001 2）was not significantly changed as compared with un-transfected group（0.008 7±0.000 3）and negative control group（0.008 9±0.001 1）（ P>0.05）.（3）Seventy-two hours after transfection，the protein level of MAPK14 in lentivirus transfected group（0.29±0.04）was significantly decreased as compared with non-transfected group（0.61±0.05）and negative control group（0.63±0.01）（ P<0.01），the protein level of GLT-1 in lentivirus transfected group（0.73±0.06）was significantly increased as compared with un-transfected group（0.20±0.03）and negative control group（0.23±0.09）（ P<0.01）.（4）After astrocytes were co-cultured with neurons and subsequently cultured in the medium containing glutamate for 2 hours，the level of LDH in lentivirus transfected group［（109.67±2.40）U/L］was significantly lower than that in un-transfected group［（141.52±3.88）U/L］and negative control group［（141.29±3.61）U/L］（ P<0.01）. The mortality of neurons in lentivirus transfected group［（38.72±0.26）%］was significantly lower than that in un-transfected group［（52.94±1.36）%］and negative control group［（54.30±1.23）%］（ P<0.01）. Conclusions:The transfection with lentivirus-mediated MAPK14 interference vector can increase expression of GLT-1 in astrocytes to increase glutamate re-uptake and relieve the glutamate excitatory toxicity in neurons，which may provide a new experimental basis for future use of astrocyte gene regulation to alleviate neuronal injury caused by glutamate excitatory toxicity after traumatic brain injury.