Objective:To conduct the clinical effect achieved by the combination of axillary flap trimming and scraping through small axillary incisions in treating bromhidrosis.Methods:From June 2021 to December 2022, a study was conducted on patients with bilateral bromhidrosis in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jining First People’s Hospital. The study used a self-control method, with one side undergoing axillary flap trimming combined with scraping through small axillary incisions (designated as Group A), while the other side underwent direct axillary flap trimming through central axillary incisions (designated as Group B). Randomization was achieved using a number table method for both sides. In Group A, two short incision lines of 0.5-1.0 cm were designed on both sides of the armpit. These incisions separated all layers of the skin, and excised the sweat glands and fat tissue. Additionally, two drainage openings were left in the surgical area to maintain two drainage tubes through the surgical incision. In Group B, the incision lines of 2-3 cm were designed in the central axillary area. After incision and dissection, four drainage tubes were retained in the operation area. The efficacy evaluation consisted of three aspects: the surgical outcome one month post-operation, categorized as cure, effective, or ineffective; the recurrence of bromhidrosis six months post-operation; and the occurrence of surgical complications. SPSS 25.0 software was used for data analysis, and chi-square test was applied for the comparisons between the two groups in terms of response rate, recurrence rate, and complication rate. A statistically significant difference was determined at the P<0.05 level. Results:A study was conducted on 62 patients, aged between 16 and 35 years, with bilateral bromhidrosis, including 38 males and 24 females. In Group A, 55 patients achieved complete cure, while 7 patients experienced significant improvement, resulting in an overall effectiveness rate of 100%. However, 5 cases of recurrence were observed, with a recurrence rate of 8.1%. Additionally, there were 1 case of subflap hematoma, 2 cases of flap erosion, and 1 case of scar hypertrophy, resulting in a complication rate of 6.5%. In Group B, 58 patients achieved complete cure, while 4 patients experienced improvement, resulting in an overall effectiveness rate of 100%. Three cases of recurrence were reported within 6 months, with a recurrence rate of 4.8%. Furthermore, there were 4 cases of subflap hematoma, 4 cases of flap erosion, 2 cases of flap necrosis, and 4 cases of scar hypertrophy, resulting in a complication rate of 22.6%. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in treatment response rate ( χ2=0.34, P=0.559) or postoperative recurrence rate ( χ2=0.53, P=1.000) between the two groups. However, the complication rate in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B ( χ2=6.50, P=0.011). Conclusion:The clinical outcome is satisfactory, achieving a high rate of effectiveness by the combination of axillary flap trimming and scraping through small axillary incisions in treating bromhidrosis. And the complications are fewer compared to the direct axillary flap trimming through central axillary incisions.

Objective:To conduct the clinical effect achieved by the combination of axillary flap trimming and scraping through small axillary incisions in treating bromhidrosis.Methods:From June 2021 to December 2022, a study was conducted on patients with bilateral bromhidrosis in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jining First People’s Hospital. The study used a self-control method, with one side undergoing axillary flap trimming combined with scraping through small axillary incisions (designated as Group A), while the other side underwent direct axillary flap trimming through central axillary incisions (designated as Group B). Randomization was achieved using a number table method for both sides. In Group A, two short incision lines of 0.5-1.0 cm were designed on both sides of the armpit. These incisions separated all layers of the skin, and excised the sweat glands and fat tissue. Additionally, two drainage openings were left in the surgical area to maintain two drainage tubes through the surgical incision. In Group B, the incision lines of 2-3 cm were designed in the central axillary area. After incision and dissection, four drainage tubes were retained in the operation area. The efficacy evaluation consisted of three aspects: the surgical outcome one month post-operation, categorized as cure, effective, or ineffective; the recurrence of bromhidrosis six months post-operation; and the occurrence of surgical complications. SPSS 25.0 software was used for data analysis, and chi-square test was applied for the comparisons between the two groups in terms of response rate, recurrence rate, and complication rate. A statistically significant difference was determined at the P<0.05 level. Results:A study was conducted on 62 patients, aged between 16 and 35 years, with bilateral bromhidrosis, including 38 males and 24 females. In Group A, 55 patients achieved complete cure, while 7 patients experienced significant improvement, resulting in an overall effectiveness rate of 100%. However, 5 cases of recurrence were observed, with a recurrence rate of 8.1%. Additionally, there were 1 case of subflap hematoma, 2 cases of flap erosion, and 1 case of scar hypertrophy, resulting in a complication rate of 6.5%. In Group B, 58 patients achieved complete cure, while 4 patients experienced improvement, resulting in an overall effectiveness rate of 100%. Three cases of recurrence were reported within 6 months, with a recurrence rate of 4.8%. Furthermore, there were 4 cases of subflap hematoma, 4 cases of flap erosion, 2 cases of flap necrosis, and 4 cases of scar hypertrophy, resulting in a complication rate of 22.6%. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in treatment response rate ( χ2=0.34, P=0.559) or postoperative recurrence rate ( χ2=0.53, P=1.000) between the two groups. However, the complication rate in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B ( χ2=6.50, P=0.011). Conclusion:The clinical outcome is satisfactory, achieving a high rate of effectiveness by the combination of axillary flap trimming and scraping through small axillary incisions in treating bromhidrosis. And the complications are fewer compared to the direct axillary flap trimming through central axillary incisions.

Objective:To explore the experience to reconstruct large nasal defects with combined local flaps after cutaneous tumor excision based on the aesthetic subunit principle.Methods:From May 2007 to May 2019, based on the nasal aesthetic subunit principle, combined local flaps were used to cover the large nasal defects in 21 cases of nasal tumors that were removed. Among 21 cases, there were 11 cases of basal cell carcinoma, 7 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, and 3 cases of pigmented naevus. The locations were dorsum of nose in 8 cases, nasal side in 7 cases, nasal ala in 5 cases, nasal tip in 1 case, and across two nasal subunits in 17 cases. The area of the defect ranged between 1.3 cm × 0.9 cm and 3.6 cm × 3.1 cm. A local combined skin flap was used to repair the skin defect. The secondary defect of donor site was directly sutured.Results:Among 21 cases, 20 cases acquired complete recovery; 1 case had epiderm necrosis over the far end of the flap achieved healing by the first intention. The nasal defect was successfully repaired in all patients, and the all flaps survived. A total of 21 patients were available for follow-up of 1 to 48 months, no tumor recurrence occurred, and the repaired tissues were well matched to the surrounding tissue, good nasal contour was obtained, and the cosmetic results were satisfactory.Conclusions:Based on the nasal aesthetic subunit principle, the combined local flaps can be used to reconstruct the large nasal defects, and the cosmetic results are satisfactory.

Objective:To investigate the infection rate and intra-type lineage distribution of human papillomavirus type 30 (HPV30) in Chinese women.Methods:Cervical exfoliated cells were collected within 30 days of cytological tests for patients from the People’s Liberation Army General Hospital. After DNA extraction and screening of HPV30 type specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), full-length genomes were amplified for HPV30 positive samples.Results:A total of 1 600 cervical samples were collected. The infection rate of HPV30 was 0.56% (9/1 600). All the nine HPV30 strains belonged to lineage A. A1 accounted for 66.7%(6/9), A4 accounted for 22.2%(2/9), A5 accounted for 11.1%(1/9).Conclusion:HPV30 infection exists among Chinese women. Lineage A was the only prevalent lineage across all the HPV30 isolates.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of action of integrin α4 (ITGA4) in liver fibrosis based on the anti-liver fibrosis effect of sticky sugar amino acid (SSAA) in rats. Methods A rat model of liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4 , and then colchicine and low-, middle-, and high-dose SSAA were used for intervention, with blank control group and SSAA group as control. After 12 weeks of experimental intervention, serum and liver samples were collected to measure the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and HE staining and Sirius Red staining were used to observe the pathological conditions of liver tissue; quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the transcriptional level of ITGA4, integrin β1 (ITGB1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and TIMP2 in liver tissue; Western blot was used to measure the relative protein expression levels of ITGA4, ITGB1, TGFβ1, α-SMA, MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2; immunohistochemistry was used to observe the protein expression of TGFβ1 and α-SMA. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t -test was used for comparison between two groups. Results There were significant increases in AST and ALT in the CCl 4 model group, and intervention with colchicine or low-, middle-, and high-dose SSAA reduced the levels of AST and ALT, with a significant difference between the CCl 4 model group and the other groups (all P < 0.05). HE staining and Sirius Red staining showed disordered structure of hepatic lobules and an increase in collagen fibers in the CCl 4 model group, and the structure of hepatic lobules was improved after intervention with colchicine or low-, middle-, and high-dose SSAA. The CCl 4 model group had significantly higher transcriptional levels of ITGA4, TGFβ1, α-SMA, and TIMP2 than the other groups, and there were significant reductions in the transcriptional levels of each factor after intervention with colchicine or SSAA, with a significant difference between the CCl 4 model group and the other groups (all P < 0.05). The CCl 4 model group had significantly higher protein expression levels of ITGA4, TGFβ1, α-SMA, TIMP2, and TIMP1 and a significantly lower protein expression level of MMP2 than the other groups, and intervention with colchicine or SSAA inhibited the expression of ITGA4, TGFβ1, α-SMA, TIMP2, and TIMP1 and promoted the expression of MMP2. Immunohistochemistry showed that the CCl 4 model group had significantly higher expression levels of TGFβ1 and α-SMA than the other groups, which was inhibited by intervention with colchicine or SSAA. The high-dose SSAA group had the most significant effect in reducing aminotransferases, improving lobular structure, and inhibiting the protein expression of liver fibrosis factors. Conclusion The high expression of ITGA4 in the liver is associated with the development of liver fibrosis, which is consistent with the increases in the expression of TGFβ1 and α-SMA. Inhibiting the expression of ITGA4 can provide more therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis and expand the anti-liver fibrosis mechanism of SSAA.

In animal experiments, ischemic stroke is usually induced through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and quality assessment of this procedure is crucial. However, an accurate assessment method based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is still lacking. The difficulty lies in the inconsistent preprocessing pipeline, biased intensity normalization, or unclear spatiotemporal uptake of FDG. Here, we propose an image feature-based protocol to assess the quality of the procedure using a 3D scale-invariant feature transform and support vector machine. This feature-based protocol provides a convenient, accurate, and reliable tool to assess the quality of the MCAO procedure in FDG PET studies. Compared with existing approaches, the proposed protocol is fully quantitative, objective, automatic, and bypasses the intensity normalization step. An online interface was constructed to check images and obtain assessment results.
Animals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnostic imaging* ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods*

Objective:To establish and optimize the isolation scheme of exosomes from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infected HEp-2 cells.Methods:The supernatant of HSV-1 infected HEp-2 cells were collected and pretreated with differential centrifugation and filtration, then purified by total exosome isolation (TEI) in combination with size-exclusion chromatography (SEC); and enriched the exosome with ultrafiltration. Western blotting, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were performed to characterize the purified exosomes.Results:The purified exosomes from HEp-2 cells with or without HSV-1 infection showed positive signals of exosome-specific markers (TSG101 and CD9), and the expression of virus protein gB, VP16 and ICP5 were detected in exosomes derived from HSV-1 infected cells. The purified exosomes from HEp-2 cells with or without HSV-1 infection showed a typical round-shaped morphology under TEM, with a mean diameter of 50~150 nm; meanwhile, no typical HSV-1 virus particles were detectable. The peak diameter of purified exosomes was 112.2 nm, furthermore, the peak concentration of exosomes from HEp-2 control cells was 3.4×10 9 particles/ml, while the peak concentration of exosomes from HSV-1 infected cells was 4.1×10 9 particles/ml. Conclusions:We accomplished an efficient and optimized approach for the isolation and purification of exosomes from HSV-1 infected cells.

Objective:To recognize the development pattern of COVID-19 epidemic, and to predict the development trend of the epidemic in three categories: the country, Hubei province, and areas outside Hubei province.Methods:The BloComp model was used to fit existing data. With the estimated parameters, we simulated future epidemic development.Results:The pattern of virus transfer among different populations in Hubei province was significantly different from that outside Hubei province. It is predicted by the BloComp model that the time when the number of confirmed cases fell to zero in Hubei province and areas outside Hubei will be May 2020 and April 2020, respectively.Conclusions:The epidemic situation will end at the end of May 2020. Adequate medical resources investment and more comprehensive and accurate investigation of suspected people play important roles in controlling the epidemic situation.

Objective: To understand the consistency of ALK Ventana-D5F3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) interpretation in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma among histopathologists from different hospitals, and to recommend solution for the problems found during the interpretation of ALK IHC in real world, with the aim of the precise selection of patients who can benefit from ALK targeted therapy. Methods: This was a multicenter and retrospective study. A total of 109 lung adenocarcinoma cases with ALK Ventana-D5F3 IHC staining were collected from 31 lung cancer centers in RATICAL research group from January to June in 2018. All cases were scanned into digital imaging with Ventana iSCANcoreo Digital Slide Scanning System and scored by 31 histopathologists from different centers according to ALK binary (positive or negative) interpretation based on its manufacturer′s protocol. The cases with high inconsistency rate were further analyzed using FISH/RT-PCR/NGS. Results: There were 49 ALK positive cases and 60 ALK negative cases, confirmed by re-evaluation by the specialist panel. Two cases (No. 2302 and No.2701) scored as positive by local hospitals were rescored as negative, and were confirmed to be negative by RT-PCR/FISH/NGS. The false interpretation rate of these two cases was 58.1% (18/31) and 48.4% (15/31), respectively. Six out of 31 (19.4%) pathologists got 100% accuracy. The minimum consistency between every two pathologists was 75.8%.At least one pathologist gave negative judgement (false negative) or positive judgement (false positive) in the 49 positive or 60 negative cases, accounted for 26.5% (13/49), 41.7% (25/60), respectively, with at least one uncertainty interpretation accounted for 31.2% (34/109). Conclusion There are certain heterogeneities and misclassifications in the real world interpretation of ALK-D5F3 IHC test, which need to be guided by the oncoming expert consensus based on the real world data.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of biweekly paclitaxel and platinum chemotherapy followed by surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 20 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated in our hospital between January 2012 and March 2016. All patients received biweekly paclitaxel and platinum chemotherapy followed by surgery. Results: 20 cases received preoperative chemotherapy for 3-8 cycles with an average of 4 cycles. The main chemotherapy-related adverse events were bone marrow suppression (18/20, 90.0%), followed by vomiting and nausea (10/20, 50.0%). Five patients (25.0%) had grade 4 neutropenia and all toxicities were torlerable and manageable. After chemotherapy, all patients received surgery. The histological responses in the primary tumors were grade 1 in 13 (65.0%) patients, grade 2 in 7 (35.0%) patients, and grade 3 in 0 (0%) patient. None had disease progression. Downstaging of T-stage was observed in 5 cases (25.0%) after chemotherapy. Among them, 4 cases were with moderate histologicl responses and one case with mild histological response. The incidence of postoperative complications was 25.0%(5/20), and the complications were improved following symptomatic treatments. There was no treatment-related death. Conclusions Biweekly paclitaxel and platinum chemotherapy followed by surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is safe and effective. Further randomized clinical trial should be conducted to assess the value of this therapeutic regimen in the preoperative chemotherapy for esophageal cancer.