The complex anatomical structure and physiological barriers of the eye present substantial challenges for local drug delivery, leading to suboptimal ocular drug bioavailability, which typically remains below 5% in conventional ophthalmic formulations. Frequent or high-dose administration not only increases the treatment burden but also heightens the risk of both local and systemic adverse effects. Liposomes, as an advanced drug delivery system, enhance ocular bioavailability through their biocompatibility and targeted delivery properties. Recent innovations in surface modification and functionalization have further enhanced their ability to overcome ocular barriers and facilitate controlled drug release. Liposome-based formulations have demonstrated significant therapeutic potential for diseases such as glaucoma and dry eye syndrome. Drawing on the research advancements over the past 5 a, this article systematically reviews the innovative design strategies and applications of liposomes in ocular drug delivery, with the aim of providing theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of new ophthalmic drugs.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of exercise-based acupuncture in treating ischemic stroke and its effects in improving the patient's motor function and daily living ability. Methods:A total of 106 patients with motor dysfunction due to cerebral infarction were randomized into a trial group and a control group,each consisting of 53 cases.Both groups received conventional rehabilitation;in addition,the control group was given point-toward-point acupuncture at scalp points,and the trial group was offered exercise-based acupuncture,3 times weekly for 4 consecutive weeks.Before treatment,after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,and at the 2-month follow-up,the Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA)scale,Lovett scale for muscle strength,modified Ashworth scale(MAS),and activities of daily living(ADL)scale were used to assess the patient's motor function,muscle strength,muscle tension,and daily living ability. Results:After treatment,both groups gained improvements in motor function and daily living ability;after 4-week treatment and at the 2-month follow-up,the trial group had higher FMA and ADL scores than the control group(P<0.05).The MAS score decreased after treatment in both groups;after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment and at the 2-month follow-up,the MAS score was lower in the trial group than in the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the Lovett score increased in both groups;after 4 weeks of treatment,the Lovett score was higher in the trial group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Based on routine rehabilitation,exercise-based acupuncture and scalp point-toward-point acupuncture both can improve the motor function and daily living ability in ischemic stroke patients;exercise-based acupuncture performs better than scalp point-toward-point acupuncture.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a distinct histological type of B-cell lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Several agents, such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and inhibitors of B cell lymphoma-2 and Bruton's tyrosine kinase have shown efficacy for relapsed or refractory (r/r) MCL but often have short-term responses. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a novel treatment modality for r/r non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, long-term safety and tolerability associated with CAR T-cell therapy are not defined well, especially in MCL. In this report, we described a 70-year-old patient with r/r MCL with 48-month duration of follow-up who achieved long-term remission after CAR T-cell therapy. CAR T-cell-related toxicities were also mild and tolerated well even in this elderly patient. This report suggested that CAR T-cell therapy is a promising treatment modality for patients with MCL, who are generally elderly and have comorbid conditions.
Adult ; Aged ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/therapy* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

BACKGROUND: The types and number of day surgery are increasing, what is the result of day surgery of selected patients with lung cancer? To explore the operation process and clinical effect of day surgery in patients with lung cancer by fusing the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and minimally invasive surgical techniques. METHODS: A prospective study was planned with the approval of our institutional review board. 153 lung cancer patients who underwent anatomic resection in a single medical group between June 2019 and Nov 2019 were randomized. 20 patients were applied day surgery and 28 patients by inpatient surgery and the average length of stay, average hospital cost , complications and adverse reactions were analysed. RESULTS: The average hospital day in DSG group (1 d) was significantly shorter than in ISG group (7.7±2.8) d (P=0.000). The average hospital cost in DSG group (38,297.3±3,408.7)¥ was significantly lower than in ISG group (47,831.1±7,376.1)¥ (P=0.000). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the daytime surgery group (5.0%) and the inpatient surgery group (3.6%) (P=0.812). The postoperation adverse reactions in DSG (10.0%) and ISG (17.9%) is no difference (P=0.72). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the same clinical effect achieved between DSG and ISG, and recover quickly lung cancer patients after day surgery.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of the Duhuo-Jisheng decoction in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with the deficiency of liver and kidney. Methods Using the random number table method, a total of 80 KOA patients were randomly divided into 2 group, 40 in each group. The treatment group were treated with Duhuo-Jisheng decoction, and the control group with glucosamine sulfate orally. The 2 groups were treated with 30 day. The blood sedimentation (ESR) of before and after treatment was detected. The level of C-reactive protein (CRP) was detected by latex enhanced immunization. The degree of knee joint pain was evaluated by VAS scale. The severity of the symptoms was evaluated by the visual scale of Osteoarthritis Index (Western Ontario Mac Master University Osteoarthritis index, WOMAC index). The changes of TCM symptoms were observed and the clinical effective rate was evaluated. Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 95% (38/40), while the control group was 77.5% (31/40). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=10.213, P=0.003). After treatment, the ESR (15.41 ± 4.23 mm/h vs. 17.6 ± 7.27 mm/h, t=-4.426), CRP (4.73 ± 1.28 mg/L vs. 6.12 ± 2.38 mg/L, t=-14.735) level in the treatemnt group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The VAS scores (2.5 ± 0.62 vs. 4.9 ± 0.8, t=-15.026), WOMAC index(12.1 ± 4.7 vs. 16.7 ± 6.7, t=-11.177) and TCM symptom score (6.5 ± 0.4 vs. 7.5 ± 0.4, t=-3.482) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions The Duhuo-Jisheng decoction is effective improve the symptom and quality of life of liver-kidney deficiency of KOA.

Objective To explore the value of HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI in diagosis of facial nerve injuries.Methods HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI were performed in 18 cases of facial nerve injuries.CPR of the facial nerve and canal was performed on the Philips EBW workstation,and the temporal bone involved location,fracture type and involvement of facial nerve and canal and its course were observed.The involved location,size,signal variation of facial nerve were analyzed compared with contralateral side on the GE AW 4.5 workstation.Results Among 18 cases,8 cases of longitudinal fractures,5 cases of transverse fractures and 5 cases of mixed fractures were found.HRCT axial scan and CPR of facial canal revealed that 18 cases had temporal bone fractures,including 1 case of labyrinthine segment,2 cases of geniculate fossa,4 cases of tympanic segment,2 cases of geniculate fossa,tympanic segment and hematoma of middle ear cavity,3 cases of tympanic segment with adjacent hematoma of middle ear cavity and 6 cases without obvious fracture of facial canal.Contrast-enhanced MRI and CPR of facial nerve revealed facial nerve injuries in all 18 cases,including 12 cases of internal auditory meatus segment,14 cases of labyrinthine segment,18 cases of geniculate ganglion,16 cases of tympanic segment and 15 cases of mastoid segment.Signal intensity ratio of affected internal auditory meatus segment,labyrinthine segment,geniculate ganglion,tympanic segment and mastoid segment were higher than those of contralateral side (all P＜ 0.001).Conclusion HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI can clearly reveal the involvement of different segment of traumatic facial nerve,HRCT CPR and MR CPR are helpful to visualiz the involvement of traumatic facial nerve and canal.

Objective To explore the value of HRCT for the diagnosis of internal ear injuries caused by temporal bone trauma.Methods Totally 106 patients with temporal bone trauma were scanned by HRCT,and 12 patients with internal ear injuries were collected.MPR of temporal bone (cochlea,vestibule,horizontal semicircular canal,anterior semicircular canal and posterior semicircular canal) was performed on Philips workstation.The locations,types,and the involving structures were observed.Results Among the 106 cases of temporal bone trauma,12 cases were internal ear injuries,including 8 cases of fractures of inner ear,3 cases of pneumolabyrinth,and 1 case of foreign body in the cochlea,which 3 cases complicated with traumatic labyrinthine ossification.Conclusion HRCT and MPR can clearly reveal internal ear injuries,which are effective methods for diagnosis of internal ear injuries.

Objective To explore the application value of 256-slice high resolution CT(HRCT)and reconstuction technique in the preoperative assessment of ossicular chain trauma.Methods 106 cases of temporal bone trauma were scanned using 256-slice HRCT,38 cases of ossicular chain trauma were collected.The multi-planar reformaition(MPR),curved plannar reformation(CPR) and three-dimensional volume rendering reformation (3D VR)of the ossicular chain were performed on Philips work station.The locations, types and the involving structures were analyzed,then these cases were followed up.The display rates of AX,MPR,CPR,3D VR were evaluated.Results Among 106 cases of temporal bone trauma,38 cases(76 ears)were found ossicular chain trauma,in which there were 43 ears of ossicular dislocation,22 ears incudomalleolar joint separation,6 ears incudomalleolar and incudostapedial joint separation,3 ears incudostapedial joint separation,11 ears translocation of the ossicles,1 ear stapediovestibular dislocation;4 ears ossicular fractures,2 ears fracture of the malleus,1 ear fracture of the incus,1 ear fracture of the stapes.Among 38 cases,11 cases underwent surgery,and the surgical results were consistent with CT findings.The display rates of AX,MPR,CPR,3D VR were 97.87％,100％, 97.87％,82.98％ respectively.Conclusion 256-slice HRCT and reconstuction technique can clearly reveal the whole structure of ossicular chain trauma,which are effective methods for diagonsis of ossicular chain trauma before surgery.

Objective:To transfer the interleukin 37 (IL-37) gene to cervical cancer Hela cells,and to explore the killing effect of IL-37 on the HeLa cells and its enhancement in the chemotherapy sensitivity of HeLa cells.Methods:The pIRES2-EGFP (NC group) and pIRES2-EGFP/IL-37 (IL-37 group) plasmids were transfected into the HeLa cells.Q-PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression levels of IL-37 mRNA and protein.The activities of HeLa cells in NC group,IL-37 group,DDP group and IL-37+DDP group were detected by CCK8 method,and the inhibitory rates of cells were calculated.The gene expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Cyclin D1 were detected by RT-PCR method.Results:Compared with NC group,the expression levels of IL-37 mRNA and protein in IL-37 group were significantly increased (P＜0.01).The activities of HeLa cells in DDP (5-15 mg · L-1) groups were inhibited after administration for 24-72 h (P＜ 0.01);the inhibitory rates in IL-37 + DDP group were higher than those in DDP group within 48 h after administration (P＜0.05).Compared with IL-37 group,the inhibitory rates in IL-37+DDP group was increased with 96 h after administration (P＜0.05).Compared with NC group,the expression levels of STAT3 and Cyclin D1 mRNA in IL-37 group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion:The over-expression of IL-37 can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells and enhance the effect of DDP on the chemotherapy of cervical cancer cells which may be related to the down-regulation of the expressions of STAT3 and Cyclin D1 by IL-37.

Objective To investigate the imaging presentation of T-and NK/T-cell lymphomas with different pathology subtypes on 18F-FDG PET/CT.Methods A total of 95 patients (66 males, 29 females, average age 38.42 years) with T-and NK/T-cell lymphoma proved by pathology from June 2006 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.18F-FDG uptake (SUVmax), nodal invasion, nodal distribution, extra-nodal involvement and staging were compared among 7 pathological subtypes of T-and NK/T-cell lymphomas.One-way analysis of variance, Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for data analysis.Results There were significant differences in terms of 18F-FDG uptake, nodal invasion, nodal distribution, extra-nodal involvement and staging among different pathological subtypes of T-and NK/T-cell lymphomas (F=2.937, P<0.05;Fisher exact test,all P<0.01;H=19.883, P<0.01).NK/T-cell lymphoma was found to be prone to invade the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, enteropathic type T-cell lymphoma was specific to the intestine, and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma presented with subcutaneous infiltration.All those 3 subtypes were quite specific in their extra-nodal involvement.Most patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (ATCL), peripheral unspecified T-cell lymphoma (PUTCL) and T immunoblastic lymphoma (TIBL) presented as stage Ⅳ disease.Widespread lymph node disease associated with splenic, parotid and serous membrane involvement were often seen in ATCL patients (most commonly to involve the parotid glands and serous membrane among the 7 subtypes).Nodal involvement was found in PUTCL patients, but extranodal involvement was rather non-specific.TIBL had a non-specific pattern of nodal involvement with low 18F-FDG uptake, lower than ATCL and the other 5 subtypes.Anaplastic large cell lymphoma subtypes had the highest 18F-FDG uptake when compared with the other 6 subtypes, but were less often to manifest as stage Ⅳ disease despite their preponderance for marrow and nodal infiltration.Conclusion Different pathological subtypes of T-and NK/T-cell lymphoma manifest different imaging presentations on 18F-FDG PET/CT, which are useful for understanding their biological characteristics.