Objective To understand the research status and development trend in the field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer.Methods Relevant literature published in the field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer from January 1,2013 to December 31,2022 was obtained in the web of science core collection(WoSCC)according to the search conditions,and bibliometric and visual analysis were performed using the bibliometric software VOSviewer and Excel.Results A total of 1 627 literatures were included.Among them,113 papers were published in 2013,and 214 were published in 2022.The annual number of publications was on the rise.There were 9 274 authors in total,of whom 6 published no less than 10 literatures.There were a total of 2 042 institutions,of which the top 10 institutions were mostly Chinese universities.There were 68 countries in total,and the largest number of publications was China,followed by the United States.There were 513 journals in total,and the top 10 journals with the largest number of literatures were mainly in the field of oncology,followed by the field of endocrinology and metabolism.A total of 62 563 references from 5 887 journals were cited.The most co-cited journal was Journal of Biological Chemistry(1 608 times),and the most co-cited references was Molecular Pathogenesis and Mechanisms of Thyroid Cancer(89 times).Conclusion The field of molecular and cell biology of thyroid cancer is currently developing steadily.Ferroptosis,glycosylation,telomerase reverse transcriptase and oxidative stress are the research frontiers in this field.

Objective:To explore the short-term efficacy of perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction.Methods:The cohort of this prospective cohort study comprised 45 patients (nine men and 36 women) with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction admitted to Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from January 2022 to October 2022. The median age was 53 (42–65) years. Thirty-five of the patients had gynecological tumors and 10 colorectal malignancies. The patients were randomly allocated to a fecal microbiota transplantation group of 20 patients who underwent fecal microbiota transplantation starting 2 weeks before surgery for 6 days, in addition to receiving conventional perioperative treatment, and a conventional treatment group of 25 patients who only received nutritional support during the perioperative period. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics (sex, age, preoperative nutritional indices, and surgical procedure) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Postoperative recovery (time to passing flatus or a bowel movement, length of stay) and complications were compared between the two groups. Postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery classified in accordance with the international Clavien–Dindo classification of surgical complications (I–V) were statistically analyzed. Improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, namely abdominal pain, distension, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding) and gastrointestinal quality of life scores (which include 36 problems rated 0–144 points related to physical, psychological, social activities and family life; the lower the score, the more severe the symptoms) were compared between the two groups. Nutritional recovery was assessed by body mass, body mass index, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin. Results:Compared with the conventional treatment group, the postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the fecal microbiota transplantation group (8.0±4.3 days vs. 11.2±5.4 days, t=2.157, P=0.037) and the time to passage of flatus or having a bowel movement was earlier (2.2±3.2 days vs. 3.9±2.3 days, t=2.072, P=0.044). There were 26 postoperative complications in the fecal microbiota transplantation group and 59 in the conventional treatment group. There were 20 and 36 Grade I to II complications and no and three Grade III to V complications in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively. The overall grade of complication did not differ significantly between the two groups ( P=0.544). However, the incidence of postoperative intestinal inflammatory obstruction was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group (10.0% [2/20] vs. 40.0% [10/25], P=0.040). One patient in the conventional treatment group died. This patient had complete intestinal obstruction complicated by severe malnutrition preoperatively, and an intestinal fistula complicated by abdominal infection postoperatively, and died despite active treatment. Nineteen and 23 patients in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively, attended for follow-up 1 month after surgery; 19 and 21, respectively, attended for follow-up 3 months after surgery, and 17 and 20, respectively, attended for follow-up 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences between the two groups in abdominal pain or rectal bleeding 1, 3, or 6 months after surgery (all P>0.05). One month after surgery, the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than in the conventional treatment group (3/19 vs. 48.0% [11/23], P=0.048; 3/19 vs. 52.2% [12/23], P=0.023). However, at the 3 and 6 month follow-ups the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea had gradually decreased in both groups and the differences between the groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05 for all). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life improved significantly in both treatment groups compared with preoperative values ( F=71.250, P<0.001; F=79.130, P<0.001, respectively). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life were higher in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group at all follow-up time points ( P<0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that body mass, body mass index, and total protein, albumin and hemoglobin concentrations improved in both groups compared with preoperative values (all P<0.05). Prealbumin concentration improved significantly in the transplantation ( F=5.514, P=0.002), but not in the conventional, group ( F=1.535, P=0.211). The improvements in body mass, body mass index, total protein, and albumin were better in the fecal microbiota transplantation than conventional treatment group at 3 and 6 months of follow-up (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support is effective in improving early postoperative nutritional status and quality of life in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction.

Objective:To explore the short-term efficacy of perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction.Methods:The cohort of this prospective cohort study comprised 45 patients (nine men and 36 women) with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction admitted to Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from January 2022 to October 2022. The median age was 53 (42–65) years. Thirty-five of the patients had gynecological tumors and 10 colorectal malignancies. The patients were randomly allocated to a fecal microbiota transplantation group of 20 patients who underwent fecal microbiota transplantation starting 2 weeks before surgery for 6 days, in addition to receiving conventional perioperative treatment, and a conventional treatment group of 25 patients who only received nutritional support during the perioperative period. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics (sex, age, preoperative nutritional indices, and surgical procedure) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Postoperative recovery (time to passing flatus or a bowel movement, length of stay) and complications were compared between the two groups. Postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery classified in accordance with the international Clavien–Dindo classification of surgical complications (I–V) were statistically analyzed. Improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, namely abdominal pain, distension, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding) and gastrointestinal quality of life scores (which include 36 problems rated 0–144 points related to physical, psychological, social activities and family life; the lower the score, the more severe the symptoms) were compared between the two groups. Nutritional recovery was assessed by body mass, body mass index, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin. Results:Compared with the conventional treatment group, the postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the fecal microbiota transplantation group (8.0±4.3 days vs. 11.2±5.4 days, t=2.157, P=0.037) and the time to passage of flatus or having a bowel movement was earlier (2.2±3.2 days vs. 3.9±2.3 days, t=2.072, P=0.044). There were 26 postoperative complications in the fecal microbiota transplantation group and 59 in the conventional treatment group. There were 20 and 36 Grade I to II complications and no and three Grade III to V complications in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively. The overall grade of complication did not differ significantly between the two groups ( P=0.544). However, the incidence of postoperative intestinal inflammatory obstruction was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group (10.0% [2/20] vs. 40.0% [10/25], P=0.040). One patient in the conventional treatment group died. This patient had complete intestinal obstruction complicated by severe malnutrition preoperatively, and an intestinal fistula complicated by abdominal infection postoperatively, and died despite active treatment. Nineteen and 23 patients in the transplantation and conventional treatment group, respectively, attended for follow-up 1 month after surgery; 19 and 21, respectively, attended for follow-up 3 months after surgery, and 17 and 20, respectively, attended for follow-up 6 months after surgery. There were no significant differences between the two groups in abdominal pain or rectal bleeding 1, 3, or 6 months after surgery (all P>0.05). One month after surgery, the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea was lower in the fecal microbiota transplantation than in the conventional treatment group (3/19 vs. 48.0% [11/23], P=0.048; 3/19 vs. 52.2% [12/23], P=0.023). However, at the 3 and 6 month follow-ups the incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea had gradually decreased in both groups and the differences between the groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05 for all). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life improved significantly in both treatment groups compared with preoperative values ( F=71.250, P<0.001; F=79.130, P<0.001, respectively). Scores for gastrointestinal quality of life were higher in the fecal microbiota transplantation than the conventional treatment group at all follow-up time points ( P<0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that body mass, body mass index, and total protein, albumin and hemoglobin concentrations improved in both groups compared with preoperative values (all P<0.05). Prealbumin concentration improved significantly in the transplantation ( F=5.514, P=0.002), but not in the conventional, group ( F=1.535, P=0.211). The improvements in body mass, body mass index, total protein, and albumin were better in the fecal microbiota transplantation than conventional treatment group at 3 and 6 months of follow-up (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Perioperative fecal microbiota transplantation combined with nutritional support is effective in improving early postoperative nutritional status and quality of life in patients with radiation-induced enteritis complicated by intestinal obstruction.

With a large number of patients, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major chronic liver diseases that jeopardize the health of people worldwide. This article introduces the major factors in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) system that are associated with the production, decomposition, and receptor effect of GLP-1, summarizes the regulatory mechanism of GLP-1 system on NAFLD, and proposes the main problems of GLP-1 system in the treatment of NAFLD, so as to provide a reference for the research and clinical treatment of NAFLD.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of JAK2V617F gene mutation and non-mutation in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods:17 and 127 BCS cases with JAK2V617F gene mutation (mutation group) and non-gene mutation (non-mutation group) who were continuously treated with interventional therapy between January 2016 to December 2020 in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected as the research object for a comparative study. The hospitalization and follow-up data of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively, and the deadline for follow-up was June 2021. Quantitative data group differences were analyzed using the independent sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Qualitative data group differences were analyzed with χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the differences between groups in rank data. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the patient survival and recurrence rate. Results:Age [(35.41±17.10) years vs. (50.09±14.16) years, t=3.915, P<0.001], time of onset (median duration: 3 months vs. 12 months), and the cumulative survival rate (65.5% vs 95.1%; χ2=5.21, P=0.022) were lower in mutation than non-mutation group. Aaspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, prothrombin time, Child-Pugh score, Rotterdam score, Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, hepatic vein thrombosis incidence, and the cumulative recurrence rate after intervention were higher in mutation than non-mutation group. The above all indexes had statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) between the groups. Conclusion:Younger age, acute onset, severe liver injury, high incidence of hepatic vein thrombosis, and poor prognosis are the features of patients with BCS with JAK2V617F gene mutation than non-mutation.

Objective:To observe the changes of arterial blood gas indexes in pigs with the free-field primary blast lung injury (PBLI) model, and to explore the value of arterial blood gas indexes in predicting moderate to severe PBLI.Methods:Nine adult healthy Landrace pigs were selected to construct the pig free-field PBLI model. Arterial blood samples were taken 15 minutes before the explosion (before injury) and 10, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the explosion (after injury). Arterial blood gas indexes and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2) were measured, compare the changes of blood gas analysis indexes and SpO 2 levels at different time points, and observe the changes of gross injury scores and pathological injury scores of lung tissue. Analyze the correlation between the blood gas indicators. Results:As time prolonged, at each time point, pH, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), and SpO 2 were lower than those before the injury, and blood lactic acid (Lac) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) were higher than those before the injury. Compared with that before the injury, the pH value in the blood decreased significantly 10 minutes after the injury (7.39±0.06 vs. 7.46±0.02, P < 0.05), and the Lac increased significantly (mmol/L: 3.61±2.89 vs. 1.10±0.28, P < 0.05), and lasts until 180 minutes after injury (pH value: 7.37±0.07 vs. 7.46±0.02, Lac (mmol/L): 2.40±0.79 vs. 1.10±0.28, both P < 0.05); while PaO 2 and SpO 2 decreased significantly at 180 minutes after injury [PaO 2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 59.40±10.94 vs. 74.81±9.39, P < 0.05; SpO 2: 0.75±0.11 vs. 0.89±0.08, P < 0.05], PaCO 2 increased significantly (mmHg: 56.17±5.38 vs. 48.42±4.93, P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the gross injury score of lung blast injury animals was positively correlated with the pathological injury score ( r = 0.866, P = 0.005); PaO 2 and SpO 2 were positively correlated ( r = 0.703, P = 0.000); pH value and Lac were negative Correlation ( r = -0.400, P = 0.006); pH value is negatively correlated with PaCO 2 ( r = -0.844, P = 0.000). Conclusion:This study successfully established a large mammalian free-field PBLI model, arterial blood gas analysis is helpful for the early diagnosis of PBLI, whether SpO 2 can be used to evaluate the severity of lung injury remains to be further verified.

Objective:To study the influence of anticoagulation timing on incidence of perioperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made of the 179 elderly patients with hip fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedics and Traumaology, Hong-Hui Hospital from July 2017 to December 2018. They were 78 males and 101 females, aged from 62 to 91 years (mean, 79.5 years). There were 79 femoral neck fractures and 100 intertrochanteric fractures, 109 of which were treated by internal fixation and 70 by hip replacement. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the timing of anticoagulation after injury. In group 1 of 74 cases, anticoagulation started <24 h after injury; in group 2 of 36 cases, anticoagulation started 24 to 48 h after injury; in group 3 of 69 cases, anticoagulation started >48 h after injury. Anticoagulation continued until 12 h before surgery in all patients but was resumed 8 to 12 h after surgery. The 3 groups were compared in incidence of perioperative DVT.Results:The 3 groups were comparable due to insignificant differences between them in their pre-operative general data ( P>0.05). DVT occurred perioperatively in 84 patients, yielding an incidence of 46.9% (84/179). The incidences of perioperative DVT were 27.0% (20/74), 47.2% (17/36) and 68.1% (47/69) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively, showing significant differences ( χ2=24.206, P<0.001), between any 2 groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Since the earlier anticoagulation starts after injury the lower incidence of perioperative DVT in elderly patients with hip fracture, early standardized prophylactic anticoagulation after injury can effectively reduce incidence of perioperative DVT.

As an important platform compound, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) can be used as a substrate to synthesize a variety of biological products with commercial potential. The titer of 3-HP by wild-type bacteria is low, which severely limits the large-scale application and production of 3-HP. By modifying the genes related to the metabolic pathway, engineered bacteria using cheap substrates as carbon sources are constructed, the aim of reducing production cost and increasing output is realized. In this paper, the recent progress in the synthesis of 3-HP by metabolic engineering at home and abroad is reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of glycerol pathway, malonyl-CoA pathway and beta-alanine pathway for synthesis of 3-HP are also summarized and analyzed, and the future development of 3-HP is prospected.
Glycerol ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology ; trends ; Lactic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; biosynthesis ; Metabolic Engineering ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; genetics

Objective:To observe the long-term efficacy and complication rate of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the effects of different ways of transplantation and treatment courses on the efficacy of FMT.Methods:From April 2012 to April 2020, the data of 3 932 patients (804 cases of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command and 3 128 cases of Tenth People′s Hospital of Tongji University) who voluntarily received FMT treatment were prospectively collected. After the first course of transplantation, the follow-up rate and efficacy and complications in 5 years were observed at the 1st, 12th, 24th, 36th, 48th and 60th month. According to the different ways of the first transplantation, 3 932 patients were divided into nasointestinal tube group (2 604 cases), capsule group (873 cases), colonoscopy group (268 cases) and enema group (187 cases). One month after transplantation, the effective rate and complication were observed. At the same time, the 1 813 patients with FMT less than four courses were divided into 1 treatment course group (369 cases), 2 treatment courses group (568 cases), 3 treatment courses group (497 cases) and 4 treatment courses group (379 cases). The effective rates of patients in four groups with different treatment courses were observed 6 months after finishing the treatment. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among 3 932 patients, the follow-up rates at 1st, 12th, 24th, 36th, 48th and 60th month after the first course of FMT were 93.67%(3 683/3 932), 82.30%(2 307/2 803), 82.17%(1 825/2 221), 62.41%(978/1 567), 59.85%(559/934) and 60.84%(289/475), respectively. The total effective rates at 1st, 12th, 24th, 36th, 48th and 60th month were 67.23%(2 476/3 683), 64.20%(1 481/2 307), 59.29%(1 082/1 825), 59.71%(584/978), 55.81%(312/559) and 59.17%(171/289), respectively. During FMT period, the total incidence of different complications was 34.49%(1 356/3 932). During follow-up period, the total rate of complication was 4.22%(166/3 932). There were no serious adverse events such as gastrointestinal perforation, multi-drug resistant bacterial infection, organ failure and death. One month after FMT, the effective rates of nasojejunal tube group, capsule group, colonoscopy group, and enema group were 67.18%(1 668/2 483), 68.63%(549/800), 67.23%(158/235), 61.21%(101/165), respectively. There was no significant difference among the four groups ( P>0.05). The effective rates of patients with chronic constipation in nasal jejunal tube group, capsule group and colonoscopy group were all higher than that of enema group (67.82%, 1 043/1 538; 67.98%, 138/203 and 62.96%, 17/27 vs. 26.67%, 8/30), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=22.55, 19.07 and 7.60, all P<0.01). During the period of FMT, the total incidence of complications of nasojejunal tube group, capsule group, colonoscopy group and enema group were 35.22%(917/2 604), 30.24%(264/873), 42.54%(114/268) and 32.62%(61/187), respectively. The difference was statistically significant among four groups ( χ2 =18.84, P<0.01). Among nasojejunal tube group, capsule group, colonoscopy group and enema group, there were significant differences in the incidence of diarrhea (4.49%, 117/2 604; 4.58%, 40/873; 7.83%, 21/268 and 5.35%, 10/187, respectively), throat pain (5.30%, 138/2 604; 0.69%, 6/873; 2.99%, 8/268 and 1.07%, 2/187, respectively), gastrointestinal bleeding (0; 0; 1.87%, 5/268 and 0.53%, 1/187, respectively) and enterogenous infection (0; 0; 1.49%, 4/268 and 0.53%, 1/187, respectively) ( χ2 =8.24, 39.24, 63.13 and 49.68, all P<0.05). At the 6th month after treatment, the effective rates of 1 treatment course group, 2 treatment courses group, 3 treatment courses group and 4 treatment courses group were 63.94%(211/330), 61.93%(301/486), 65.75%(286/435) and 72.54%(251/346), respectively. There were statistically significant differences among groups with different treatment courses ( χ2 =10.70, P =0.01). The effective rate of the four treatment courses group was significantly higher than those of the one treatment course group, two treatment courses group and three treatment courses group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=5.78, 10.18 and 4.14, all P<0.05). The effective rates of in chronic constipation and autism in 4 treatment courses group were significantly higher than those in 1 treatment course group and 2 treatment courses group (72.73%(136/187) vs.55.47%(71/128) and 58.71%(155/264), 72.73%(40/55) vs.6/15 and 47.83%(11/23)), the effective rate of autism in 3 treatment courses group was higher than that in 1 treatment course group (69.05%(29/42) vs. 6/15), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=10.05, 9.39, 5.60, 4.44 and 3.94, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The long-time efficacy of FMT is definite in the treatment of intestinal flora derangement related intestinal diseases and extraintestinal diseases complicated with intestinal disfunction and there are no serious adverse events. The efficacy of FMT is related to the way of transplantation and treatment. The incidence of complications of FMT is related to the way of transplantation. Different ways of transplantation and treatment courses should be formulated for different diseases.

Objective To explore the predictive significance of platelet changes on deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs after total knee replacement,and to guide the early clinical prediction and prevent the occurrence of thrombotic events.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 50 patients who had been treated by total knee arthroplasty for degenerative knee osteoarthropathy from January 2016 to June 2018 in the Department of Orthopedics and Traumaology,Xi'an Jiangtong University Medical College Red Cross Hospital.There were 10 males and 40 females,aged from 47 to 80 years (average age 65.1 years).According to the results of B ultrasound examination of the lower extremities,the patients were divided into the non embolic group (24 cases) and the embolic group (26 cases).The platelet counts and hemoglobin levels of the two groups were recorded before and after operation,and their respective differences were calculated.The difference of hemoglobin difference between the two groups was analyzed.At the same time,the difference of platelet count and total knee joint were examined.Whether the deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after replacement was statistically significant.If there was no statistical difference in the difference in hemoglobin between the two groups,and the difference in platelet count was statistically significant,the ROC curve was made to determine the optimal screening point.If obeying the normal distribution and the homogeneity of the variance,an independent sample t test was performed on the platelet count difference and the hemoglobin amount difference between the two groups,and the dose data in accordance with the normal distribution was expressed as (Mean ±SD).Results The difference of platelet count was (30.4 ± 14.8) ×109/L in thrombosis group and (53.5 ± 15.2) × 109/L in thrombosis group.The difference of platelet count between the two groups had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.001).The best screening point of platelet count difference was 34.0 × 109/L.The difference of hemoglobin count between thrombosis group and thrombosis group was (20.8 ± 9.3) g/L and (24.0 ± 10.7) g/L,there was no significant difference in hemoglobin between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Preoperative and postoperative platelet count difference can effectively predict the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty.When the platelet count difference before surgery ≥34.0 × 109/L,early prevention of deep venous thrombosis should be avoided.The formation of the occurrence.