AIM: To compare the visual quality in patients with low-to-moderate myopia after 0.05 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and conventional 0.25 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided SMILE.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 400 cases(400 eyes)with low-to-moderate myopia that underwent SMILE in the ophthalmology department of 989th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force from August 2021 to August 2023 were enrolled and the data from the right eyes were collected for analysis. According to the method of optometry test modality, they were divided into 0.05 D group and 0.25 D group, with 200 eyes in each group. The differences were compared between the two groups of patients in intraoperative corneal ablation thickness, uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA), high-order corneal aberrations(HOA), spherical aberrations, vertical coma, horizontal coma and trefoil aberrations before and at 1, 3 and 6 mo after surgery. Additionally, the percentage of eyes with residual spherical equivalent(SE)≤±0.25 D, postoperative visual symptoms and scores on the quality of visual(Qov)were compared between the two groups at 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS: The corneal ablation thickness in the 0.05 D group was 92.78±16.56 μm, which was slightly higher than that in the 0.25 D group(83.24±17.33 μm; P<0.001). The UDVA at each postoperative time point in the 0.05 D group was superior to that in the 0.25 D group(all P<0.001). The HOA, spherical aberration, horizontal coma and vertical coma in the two groups at 1, 3 and 6 mo after operation were higher than those before operation(all P<0.05). The spherical aberration in the 0.05 D group at each time point after surgery were higher than those in the 0.25 D group, and vertical coma were lower than those in the 0.25 D group(all P<0.05). At 6 mo postoperatively, the percentage of eyes with residual SE ≤±0.25 D in the 0.05 D group was 97.5%(195 eyes), which was higher than 87.5%(175 eyes)in the 0.25 D group(P<0.05). The most common adverse visual symptoms after SMILE in both groups were hazy vision and glare. The total Qov score in the 0.05 D group was 0.35(0.24, 0.55), which was lower than [0.62(0.32, 0.89)] in the 0.25 D group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional 0.25 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided SMILE, the 0.05 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided SMILE for the correction of low-to-moderate myopia has better predictability and can achieve better vision and visual quality.

Objective To investigate the identification of octreotide(OCT)modified chitosan(CS)miR-155 molecular beacon nanoparticles(CS-miR-155-MB-OCT)and imaging of lung cancer cells for the early screening of lung cancer.Methods A nude mouse model of lung transplantation tumor was established by injecting A549 lung cancer cells into tail veins to establish lung xenograft models.Cre adenovirus was injected through nasal cavity,and mice were killed at 4,6,8 and 12 weeks after adenovirus injection to establish lung cancer models of atypical hyperplasia,adenoma,carcinoma in situ and adenocarcinoma of lung in LSL K-ras G12D transgenic mice at different pathological stages.Lung tissue samples were taken and observed by HE staining.Immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect miR-155 expression levels in lung xenograft models and transgenic mice at different stages of lung cancer.Then CS-miR-155-MB and CS-miR-155-MB-OCT were injected via tail vein in lung xenograft models.CS-miR-155-MB-OCT was injected via tail vein in transgenic mice models.The fluorescence signals of lung in nude mice and transgenic mice at different disease stages were imaged by living imaging system.Frozen slices of lung tissue were made.The source of fluorescence signal was detected by laser confocal scanning microscope(CLSM).Results HE staining showed that lung transplantation tumor models and lung cancer models of atypical hyperplasia,adenoma,carcinoma in situ and lung adenocarcinoma at different pathological stages were successfully constructed.Immunohistochemical analysis showed somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2)was expressed in transplanted lung tumor and tissue at different pathological stages.In transgenic mouse models,the expression of miR-155 was gradually increased as the disease progressed(P＜0.05).In lung xenograft models,the fluorescence signals were significantly higher in the CS-miR-155-MB-OCT group than those of the CS-miR-155-MB group(P＜0.05).In transgenic mouse models,the fluorescence signals gradually increased with the gradual progression of lesions(P＜0.05).After re-imaging the lung tissue,it was found that the fluorescence signal came from lung,and CLSM showed that the fluorescence signal came from cancer cells and some normal alveolar epithelial cells.Conclusion CS-miR-155-MB-OCT can dynamically reflect the occurrence and development of lung cancer according to changes of different fluorescence intensity,thus providing a new technology for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

AIM: To investigate the early visual quality after 0.05 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)for the correction of different degrees of myopia.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 200 cases(200 eyes)that underwent SMILE at the 989th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force from May to September 2023 were selected. The 0.05 D optometry was used to measure diopter. According to the preoperative spherical equivalent(SE), they were divided into low-to-moderate myopic group(>-6.0 D)and high myopic group(≤-6.0 D), with 100 eyes in each group. The total high-order corneal aberration(HOA), spherical aberration, coma and trefoil aberration were compared between the two groups preoperatively and at 6 mo postoperatively, and the quality of vision questionnaire was completed.RESULTS: The HOA, spherical aberration and vertical coma aberration in the two groups at 6 mo after operation were significantly higher than those before operation(all P<0.05). At 6 mo postoperatively, the HOA, spherical aberration and vertical coma aberration in the low-to-moderate myopic group were lower than those in the high myopic group(all P<0.05). The scores of the quality of vision questionnaire, near vision, night vision, night glare and visual fatigue in the low-to-moderate myopic group were all higher than those in the high myopic group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Both low-to-moderate myopia and high myopia after the 0.05 D interval spherical lens optometry-guided SMILE had some visual symptoms, but great visual quality can be obtained after surgery.

Objective By investigating the effects of miR-379-5p on the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells,we aimed to provide new therapeutic targets for the clinical inhibition of breast cancer proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.Methods After plasmid transfection,4T1 cells were utilized to detect the expression of miR-379-5p using fluorescence quantitative PCR.While 5-ethynyl-2'doxyuridine(EdU)cell proliferation and Transwell assays were employed to detect changes in the proliferation and invasion ability of 4T1 cells in each group.The migration ability of 4T1 cells after overexpression and knockdown of miR-379-5p was examined by scratch healing assay.A transplanted tumor model of breast cancer was established in BABL/c mice,and the effects of overexpressing miR-379-5p on tumor growth and the number and size of lung metastases were observed.Results EdU result showed that knocking down miR-379-5p enhanced the proliferation ability of the cells compared with the control group cells,and miR-379-5p overexpression reduced the capacity of breast cancer cells to proliferate(P＜0.05).Transwell and wound healing assays showed that miR-379-5p knockdown enhanced,while miR-379-5p overexpression significantly inhibited,the invasion and migratory ability of breast cancer cells(P＜0.01).An in vivo tumorigenesis experiment with BABL/c mice showed that miR-379-5p overexpression significantly slowed the tumor growth rate(P＜0.05)and inhibited lung metastasis(P＜0.01).Conclusions MiR-379-5p plays a role in tumor gene suppression in breast cancer and inhibits the proliferation,invasion,and migration of mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells.

To establish a simple,convenient,sensitive,and specific method for rapid detection of Zi-ka virus(ZIKV),the whole genome sequences of ZIKV isolated from different times and regions were analyzed.The specific primers and probes were designed based on the screened target se-quences located in the conserved region of the ZIKV NS5 gene.By combining RT-LAMP isother-mal amplification technology and immunochromatography technology,a reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification nucleic acid and flow visualization strip(RT-LAMP-VF)detec-tion method for ZIKV was established.The results showed that the method had good specificity and sensitivity.When the ratio of inner,outer,and ring primers(FIP∶LF∶F3)was 4∶2∶1,the detection method can specifically detect 102 copies/pL RNA transcripts or 2.15 pfu ZIKV at 61 ℃for 45 minutes,with no cross reaction with other flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus and classical swine fever virus.Other RNAs in blood tissue samples did not affect the sensitivity and specificity of RT-LAMP-VF,indicating that the method can be applied to clinical practice.The ZIKV RT-LAMP-VF detection method established in this study is easy to perform and does not require special instruments and equipment.It is particularly suitable for the rapid detection of ZIKV in grassroots units,providing technical support and material support for the establishment of on-site rapid detection and early warning and prediction systems for ZIKV disease.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨抑制素β亚基A反义RNA1（INHBA-AS1）对宫颈癌HeLa细胞EMT和鸟氨酸代谢途径的影响及其机制。方法：体外常规培养HeLa细胞，实验分为10组：对照组、阴性对照（NC）组、sh-INHBA-AS1组、PluriSIn 1[硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（stearyl CoA desaturase，SCD）抑制剂]组、NC+PluriSIn 1组、sh-INHBA-AS1+PluriSIn 1组、10058-F4（c-Myc抑制剂）组、NC+10058-F4组、sh-INHBA-AS1+10058-F4组、sh-INHBA-AS1+OE-c-Myc组。平板克隆实验检测各组细胞的增殖能力，FCM检测各组细胞的凋亡情况，Transwell小室实验检测各组细胞的侵袭、迁移能力，qPCR法检测各组细胞中INHBA-AS1、c-Myc、SCD和EMT相关基因（N-cadherin、TGF-β、ZEB1）mRNA的表达，WB法检测各组细胞中c-Myc、SCD、EMT相关（N-cadherin、TGF-β、ZEB1）、S-腺苷-甲硫氨酸脱羧酶（SAMDC）和亚精胺/精胺N1-乙酰转移酶（SSAT）蛋白的表达，ELISA检测各组细胞上清液中鸟氨酸脱羧酶（ODC）的含量。结果：敲减INHBA-AS1表达使HeLa细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移能力显著降低（均P<0.05）而细胞凋亡率显著升高（P<0.05），qPCR、WB法检测结果显示，敲减INHBA-AS1均可显著抑制HeLa细胞中c-Myc、SCD、N-cadherin、TGF-β、ZEB1和SAMDC的表达（均P<0.05），而促进SSAT的表达（P<0.05），并降低HeLa细胞上清液中ODC的含量（P<0.05）。与c-Myc抑制剂和SCD抑制剂单独处理相比，其联合敲减INHBA-AS1后上述作用更加显著（均P<0.05）；与sh-INHBA-AS1组相比，进一步过表达c-Myc后HeLa细胞的增殖能力显著升高（P<0.05）、SCD和N-cadherin蛋白表达水平显著升高（P<0.05）、细胞上清液中ODC含量显著升高（P<0.05）。结论：INHBA-AS1可通过c-Myc调控SCD的表达，从而影响HeLa细胞鸟氨酸代谢和EMT进程，进而促进HeLa细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移能力。

In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of silk/threonine protein kinase (STK)-mediated blue light response in the algal Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, phenotype identification and transcriptome analysis were conducted for C. reinhardtii STK mutant strain crstk11 (with an AphvIII box reverse insertion in stk11 gene coding region) under blue light stress. Phenotypic examination showed that under normal light (white light), there was a slight difference in growth and pigment contents between the wild-type strain CC5325 and the mutant strain crstk11. Blue light inhibited the growth and chlorophyll synthesis in crstk11 cells, but significantly promoted the accumulation of carotenoids in crstk11. Transcriptome analysis showed that 860 differential expression genes (DEG) (559 up-regulated and 301 down-regulated) were detected in mutant (STK4) vs. wild type (WT4) upon treatment under high intensity blue light for 4 days. After being treated under high intensity blue light for 8 days, a total of 1 088 DEGs (468 upregulated and 620 downregulated) were obtained in STK8 vs. WT8. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that compared to CC5325, the crstk11 blue light responsive genes were mainly involved in catalytic activity of intracellular photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and pigment synthesis. Among them, upregulated genes included psaA, psaB, and psaC, psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbH, and L, petA, petB, and petD, as well as genes encoding ATP synthase α, β and c subunits. Downregulated genes included petF and petJ. The present study uncovered that the protein kinase CrSTK11 of C. reinhardtii may participate in the blue light response of algal cells by mediating photosynthesis as well as pigment and carbon metabolism, providing new knowledge for in-depth analysis of the mechanism of light stress resistance in the algae.
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genetics* ; Photosynthesis/genetics* ; Plants/metabolism* ; Protein Kinases ; Threonine/metabolism* ; Carbon/metabolism* ; Serine/metabolism*

Microrobot may be controlled wirelessly in a patient for minimizing the invasiveness of diagnosis and treatment.Microrobot plus stem cell transplantation (SCT) is ideal for offering targeted precision therapy.SCT has great potentials for many common diseases.However, clinical application of SCT still has several perplexing problems such as pulmonary embolism and infarction due to cell embolism, infection and poor targeting.This review summarized the latest researches and applications of microrobots plus SCT from the perspectives of origins, design types, driving modes, materials and imaging systems.It also provided an outlook on their future development trends.

Objective:To construct an aggregation induced emission (AIE) self-assembled probe based on glutathione (GSH) response covalent cyclization and evaluate it in vitro.Methods:The peptide sequence containing the 2-cyano-6-aminobenzothiazole-cysteine (CBT-Cys) condensation sequence was synthesized by the solid-phase peptide synthesis method. After coupling with an AIE molecule by click chemical reaction, an AIE self-assembled probe 1 based on GSH response covalent cyclization was constructed, and probe 2 lacking Cys structure was used as the control. The absorption and emission spectra of probes were tested and the specificity of probes to GSH was analyzed. The hydrodynamic diameter and structure of the probes after response were compared. The effects of different pH values, temperatures, probe concentrations, and GSH concentrations on fluorescence intensity were investigated. The toxicity of probes to tumor cells such as HeLa, HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 was evaluated.Results:After GSH response, the fluorescence of probe 1 was enhanced by about 6 times and that of probe 2 was enhanced by about 2 times; probe 1 was converted into a dimer with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 896.1 nm. Probe 2 lacked a cyclization motif and was converted into a monomer with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 427.4 nm. The fluorescence intensity of probe 1 was significantly higher than that of probe 2 at pH=7.0 and 37 ℃, and the toxicity of probes to tumor cells (HeLa, HepG2 and MDA-MB-231) was low.Conclusions:After the disulfide bond of probe 1 was reduced by GSH, the probe molecule lost the hydrophilic sequence, resulting in fluorescence turn-on (the first aggregation), and probe 1 immediately generates an AIE dimer (the second aggregation) because it contains a CBT-Cys cyclization sequence, which realizes the dual AIE effect compared with the single aggregation of probe 2, and significantly enhances the fluorescence emission. Probe 1 has better applicability in physiological environments, which provides an idea for in-situ generation of covalent cycling probes in vivo and is expected to be used in tumor imaging and treatment in the later stages.

End-stage liver disease refers to the advanced stage of liver disease caused by various acute and chronic liver damage, of which decompensated cirrhosis and liver failure are most common. Currently, liver transplantation is the most effective treatment option for patients with end-stage liver disease, but several limitations regarding transplantation currently restrict its application. Mesenchymal stem cells are the potential treatment option for end-stage liver disease because of the biological properties such as multidirectional differentiation, paracrine and immunomodulatory properties, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrosis, but the therapeutic effect is affected by low homing rate, poor colonization and low conversion rate. The researchers aimed to improve them through genetic modification, chemical or hypoxic pretreatment, and three dimensional culture. This article reviewed and discussed the pretreatment methods, their application status of treatment for end-stage liver disease and the existing problems.