Objective: To explore the associations of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) among primary and secondary school students and their parents, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted physical activity promotion strategies for children and adolescents. Methods: From 2021 to 2022, basic information and 24 h movement behaviors of 2 484 pairs of students and their parents were collected from five primary and secondary schools in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City, with a convenient sampling combining with cluster sampling method. Component regression models were constructed to analyze the relationship between parental MVPA, SB and primary and secondary school students MVPA and SB, and a component isochronous substitution model was used to explore the effects of mutual substitution between parental MVPA, residual components (time use components other than SB during the 24 h period), and SB on the behavioral activities of MVPA and SB in primary and secondary school students. Results: Parental MVPA and SB of students in grade 1 to 3 were positively correlated with both students MVPA and SB ( β=0.06, 0.12, P <0.01). The component isochronous substitution model showed that substituting 10 and 20 minutes of MVPA for SB by parents in grade 1 to 3 was associated with an increase in MVPA of students, and substituting 10 and 20 minutes of residual ingredients for SB was associated with a decrease in SB of students, with mean changes of 0.8 (95% CI =0.4-1.2) and 1.4 (95% CI =0.7-2.2) and -1.4 (95% CI =-1.7 to -1.1) and -2.9 (95% CI =-3.4 to -2.3)( P <0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed between parents of students in grades 4 to 6 and 7 to 9 and students physical activity and sedentary behaviour ( P >0.05). Conclusions Parents of students in grades 1 to 3 increases MVPA and decrease SB are beneficial to increase MVPA and decrease SB of students. Parents could promote physical activity among primary and secondary school students, and the intervention gateway should be advanced, with the low grades as the optimal intervention period.

AIM: To investigate the changes in serum levels of trefoil factor 1(Tff1)and bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4)in patients with diabetic retinopathy, and to evaluate their diagnostic value for diabetic retinopathy.METHODS: From January 2022 to January 2024, 186 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected as the study group and divided into a retinopathy subgroup(52 cases)and a non-retinopathy subgroup(134 cases)based on the presence of retinopathy. Another 186 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations during the same period were chosen as the control group. Serum Tff1 and BMP4 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Pearson analysis was used to assess the correlation between serum Tff1, BMP4 levels, and clinical data. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing the development of retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum Tff1 and BMP4 levels for retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.RESULTS: Compared to the control group, serum Tff1 levels were lower and BMP4 levels were higher in both retinopathy and non-retinopathy subgroups(all P<0.05). Specifically, serum Tff1 levels were lower and BMP4 levels were higher in the retinopathy subgroup than in the non-retinopathy subgroup(all P<0.05). Pearson analysis revealed that Tff1 levels in type 2 diabetes patients were negatively correlated with disease duration, glycated hemoglobin levels, and triglyceride levels, while BMP4 levels were positively correlated(all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified type 2 diabetes duration, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, Tff1, and BMP4 as influencing factors for retinopathy development in type 2 diabetes patients(all P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the combined diagnosis of serum Tff1 and BMP4 had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.901, which was significantly higher than that of Tff1 alone(Z=2.069, P=0.039)and BMP4 alone(Z=2.072, P=0.038).CONCLUSION: Serum Tff1 levels are decreased and BMP4 levels are increased in patients with diabetic retinopathy, and the combined detection of these two markers offers high diagnostic value for diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the genetic relatedness between carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP) strains isolated from intestinal colonization and subsequent bloodstream infections.

Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor with highly aggressive and distal metastasis and poor prognosis. Abnormal metabolism of iron, an essential nutrient with electron-exchange capacity and an important participant in cellular activities, is closely associated with the progression of osteosarcoma. Ferroptosis has been shown to regulate osteosarcoma progression and play an important role in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Exploring the application of relevant molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in osteosarcoma and the current status of pharmacological intervention may provide new strategies for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Objective:To investigate the expression and prognostic value of ANO1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)tissues.Methods:Immunohistochemistry(IHC,n=163)and Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR,n=42)were employed to detect the expression level of ANO1 protein and mRNA in OSCC tissues and paracancerous normal tissues.The relationship between ANO1 ex-pression and clinicopathological features(n=163)and prognosis(n=93)of the patients were analyzed,and the results were compared with those in TCGA database.Results:IHC and qRT-PCR confirmed that ANO1 was highly expressed in OSCC(P＜0.05),which was consistent with the results of the TCGA database.Cox regression analysis showed that ANO1 expression was significantly correlated with T stage,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage and poor prognosis(P＜0.05).By Cox regression analysis,ANO1 overexpression(P=0.002)and differentiation degree(P=0.034)were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion:ANO1 is highly expressed in OSCC and is correlated with poor prognosis,which can be used as a novel biomarker for poor prognosis of OSCC patients.

Tetrandrine(TET),a natural bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Stephania tetrandra S.Moore,has diverse pharmacological effects.However,its effects on melanoma remain unclear.Cellular prolif-eration assays,multi-omics analyses,and xenograft models were used to determine the effect of TET on melanoma.The direct target of TET was identified using biotin-TET pull-down liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),cellular thermal shift assays,and isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)analysis.Our findings revealed that TET treatment induced robust cellular autophagy depending on activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.Simultaneously,it hindered autophagic flux by inducing cytoskeletal protein depolymerization in melanoma cells.TET treatment resulted in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and simultaneously triggered mitophagy.Sirtuin 5(SIRT5)was ultimately found to be a direct target of TET.Mechanistically,TET led to the degradation of SIRT5 via the ubiquitin(Ub)-26S proteasome system.SIRT5 knockdown induced ROS accumulation,whereas SIRT5 overexpression attenuated the TET-induced ROS accumula-tion and autophagy.Importantly,TET exhibited anti-cancer effects in xenograft models depending on SIRT5 expression.This study highlights the potential of TET as an antimelanoma agent that targets SIRT5.These findings provide a promising avenue for the use of TET in melanoma treatment and underscore its potential as a therapeutic candidate.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

Objective To investigate the effect of sirtuin 3(SIRT3)on the oxidative stress response and hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)expression in lung cancer cells through reactive oxygen species(ROS)under hypoxic conditions and its mechanism.Methods Human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were exposed to hypoxia for 0 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h.The mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α and SIRT3 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot to determine the optimal time of hypoxia induction.A549 cells were divided into 5 groups:control group,hypoxia group,hypoxia+ROS inhibitor n-acetylcysteine(NAC)group,hypoxia+(SIRT3 overexpression)SIRT3-OE group and hypoxia+SIRT3-OE+NAC group.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay.Cell apop-tosis was detected by flow cytometry.The mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1 α and SIRT3 in each group were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.ROS content in each group was detected by flow cytometry.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione(GSH)in the cells of each group were detected by biochemical kits.Results The optimal induction time of hypoxia was 24 h.Compared with the control group,the apoptosis rate,SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels,SOD and GSH contents in the hypoxia group signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.01),the cell proliferation ability,HIF-1 α mRNA and protein levels,ROS and MDA con-tent in cells significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxia group,the apoptosis rate,SIRT3 mR-NA and protein levels,SOD and GSH contents in the hypoxia+NAC and hypoxia+SIRT3-OE groups increased(P＜0.05),the cell proliferation ability,HIF-1 α mRNA and protein levels,ROS and MDA content in cells de-creased(P＜0.05).Compared with the hypoxia+NAC group,the apoptosis rate,SIRT3 mRNA and protein lev-els,SOD and GSH contents in the hypoxia+SIRT3-OE+NAC group significantly increased(P＜0.01),the cell proliferation ability,HIF-1 α mRNA and protein levels,ROS and MDA content in cells significantly decreased(P＜0.01).Conclusion Under hypoxic conditions,SIRT3 can promote cell apoptosis and inhibit lung cancer pro-gression by mediating ROS to inhibit oxidative stress response and HIF-1 α expression in lung cancer cells.

Objective To analyze the transcription factor binding sites(TFBS)in the promoter region of E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1(MIB1)gene in zebrafish,the types of MIB1 interacting genes and proteins and their roles in signaling pathways,and to investigate the regulatory mode and potential function of MIB1 gene.Methods Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)was predicted by National Genomics Data Center(NGDC).Alggen and AnimalTFDB online software were used to predict the TFBS types of MIB1 gene.GeneMANIA and STRING were used to analyze the interacting genes and proteins of MIB1.The related data were obtained through DA-VID website,and gene ontology(GO)visual analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)metabolic pathway analysis were performed.Results ncRNA could be transcribed from the promot-er region and 5'untranslated region of MIB1 gene.A total of 121 TFBS were obtained by prediction.P53 tran-scription factor could bind to the promoter region of MIB1 gene and interact with MIB1 protein.A total of 6 co-expressed genes of MIB1 were predicted online,and 20 interacting genes were screened.GO visual analysis showed that MIB1 and its interaction genes had functions in regulating the growth and differentiation of cells,tissues and organs and regulating the NOTCH signaling pathway in the biological process,and were mainly enriched in the cytoplasmic perinuclear region,cell membrane,postsynaptic dense area and so on.It had molec-ular functions such as binding NOTCH proteins and PDZ domain proteins.KEGG metabolic pathway analysis showed that MIB1 and its interacting genes were involved in 4 metabolic pathways.Conclusion MIB1 con-tains a variety of TFBS,and affects a variety of biological processes such as cell carcinogenesis and immune regulation by interacting with specific transcription factors.MIB1 may also play an important role in cell growth regulation,hematopoietic stem cell differentiation,embryonic development and neuronal information transmission through the mediation of its interacting genes and proteins.

Purpose To investigate and summarize the clinicopathological features,immunophenotype,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC).Methods The clinicopathological features and follow-up data of 15 patients with ATC were reviewed and retrospectively ana-lyzed,and the histological features,immunophenotypic,and molecular features were observed.Results There were 8 males and 7 females with a mean age of 63.5 years.The largest tumor diameter was 45.9 mm(range,20-73 mm).Macroscopically,the tumors appeared nodular or lobulated,mostly firm to hard,with a cut surface of gray-white or gray-yellow in color,and were accompanied by hemorrhage,necrosis,and cystic changes.Mi-croscopically,the tumor exhibited diverse structures and cellular morphology mainly composed of epithelioid,spindle,multinu-cleated giant cells,rarely rhabdoid morphology(2 cases)and heterologous osteosarcomtoid differentiation(1 case).Two cases showed squamous cell carcinoma morphology as well.Among them,there were pure ATC in 11 cases while three cases had mixed papillary thyroid carcinoma components and one case had coexisting high-grade differentiated thyroid carcinoma compo-nent.Cervical lymph node metastasis was present in 6 cases.CK(AE1/AE3)expression was observed in 80%of the cases while PAX8 expression was seen in53.3%.Varying degrees of BRAF(VE1)expression were found in 42.9%whereas weak focal TTF-1 expression occurred only in two cases;and all cases did not express TG.Overall,genetic testing was performed in 8 cases(53.3%).The TP53 gene was the most frequently muta-ted gene(5/8,62.5%),followed by the RAS(3/8,37.5%)and BRAF(3/8,37.5%)genes,while the TERT combined with PIK3CA gene was mutated in only one case.Moreover,multiple gene mutations occurred simultaneously in five cases.Of the total fourteen patients who underwent follow-up,the mean and median survival times were 13.9 and 5.0 months,respec-tively.The disease-specific mortality rate reached 78.6%.Conclusion ATC is extremely rare,displaying unique histolog-ical characteristics,often accompanied by various gene muta-tions.It has a poor prognosis;therefore,establishing a defini-tive pathological diagnosis provides valuable evidence for predic-ting patient outcomes and guiding clinical management.