[Objective] To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of different chemotherapeutic regimens combined with sintilimab as first-line treatment for Her-2 negative advanced gastric cancer. [Methods] We retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients with Her-2 negative advanced gastric cancer treated with albumin-bound paclitaxel plus S-1 combined with sintilimab (n=40) and oxaliplatin plus S-1 combined with sintilimab (n=36) at The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from September 1, 2021 to July 1, 2023. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated separately in patients treated with albumin-bound paclitaxel plus S-1 combined with sintilimab and in those treated with oxaliplatin plus S-1 combined with sintilimab. Factor analysis was made on two sets of clinical data separately. [Results] The objective response rate (ORR) of albumin-bound paclitaxel group and oxaliplatin group was 57.5% and 52.8%, respectively. The disease control rate (DCR) of albumin-bound paclitaxel group and oxaliplatin group was 85.0% and 80.6%, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in albumin-bound paclitaxel group and oxaliplatin group was 8.3 months and 9.0 months. The incidence of adverse reactions in albumin-bound paclitaxe group was 87.5% (35/40), and that in the oxaliplatin group was 91.7% (33/36). Factor analysis of the clinical data of albumin-bound paclitaxel group and oxaliplatin group revealed that liver metastasis was an independent risk factor for PFS. [Conclusion] Both albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with S-1 and sintilimab, and oxaliplatin combined with S-1 and sintilimab show promising efficacy and manageable side effects when used as first-line treatment for Her-2 negative advanced gastric cancer.

In China, the survival rate of liver cancer remains low while the mortality rate is high. Effectively reducing the burden of liver cancer is still a major challenge in the field of public health and chronic disease prevention in the Chinese population. Optimizing screening strategies for liver cancer remains a profound approach to secondary prevention worthy of continuous exploration. To address this pressing issue, the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission commissioned this guideline. The National Cancer Center of China initiated the guideline development and convened a multidisciplinary expert panel and working groups. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline integrated the most up-to-date evidence of liver cancer screening, China's national conditions, and existing practical experience in liver cancer screening. Evidence-based recommendations on the target population, screening technologies, surveillance strategies, and other key points across the process of liver cancer screening and surveillance management were provided. This guideline would help standardize the practice of liver cancer screening in China.

In China, the survival rate of liver cancer remains low while the mortality rate is high. Effectively reducing the burden of liver cancer is still a major challenge in the field of public health and chronic disease prevention in the Chinese population. Optimizing screening strategies for liver cancer remains a profound approach to secondary prevention worthy of continuous explora-tion. This guideline was commissioned by the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission. The National Cancer Center of China initiated the guideline develop-ment and convened a multidisciplinary expert panel and working group. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline integrated the most up-to-date evidence of liver cancer screening, China′s national conditions, and existing practical experience in liver cancer screening. Evidence-based recommendations on the target population, screening technologies, surveillance strategies, and other key points across the process of liver cancer screening and surveillance management were provided. This guideline would help to standardize the practice of liver cancer screening in China.

In China, the survival rate of liver cancer remains low while the mortality rate is high. Effectively reducing the burden of liver cancer is still a major challenge in the field of public health and chronic disease prevention in the Chinese population. Optimizing screening strategies for liver cancer remains a profound approach to secondary prevention worthy of continuous exploration. To address this pressing issue, the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission commissioned this guideline. The National Cancer Center of China initiated the guideline development and convened a multidisciplinary expert panel and working groups. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline integrated the most up-to-date evidence of liver cancer screening, China′s national conditions, and existing practical experience in liver cancer screening. Evidence-based recommendations on the target population, screening technologies, surveillance strategies, and other key points across the process of liver cancer screening and surveillance management were provided. This guideline would help standardize the practice of liver cancer screening in China.

In China, the survival rate of liver cancer remains low while the mortality rate is high. Effectively reducing the burden of liver cancer is still a major challenge in the field of public health and chronic disease prevention in the Chinese population. Optimizing screening strategies for liver cancer remains a profound approach to secondary prevention worthy of continuous exploration. To address this pressing issue, the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention of the National Health Commission commissioned this guideline. The National Cancer Center of China initiated the guideline development and convened a multidisciplinary expert panel and working groups. Following the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development, this guideline integrated the most up-to-date evidence of liver cancer screening, China′s national conditions, and existing practical experience in liver cancer screening. Evidence-based recommendations on the target population, screening technologies, surveillance strategies, and other key points across the process of liver cancer screening and surveillance management were provided. This guideline would help standardize the practice of liver cancer screening in China.

In China, the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and motality is lung cancer (LC). As screening and early detection and treatment are effective in reducing LC mortality, formulating a guideline in line with China′s national conditions for the screening and early detection and treatment of LC will greatly promote the homogeneity and accuracy of LC screening, and result in an improvement of the effectiveness of LC screening. Commissioned and directed by the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of the National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, the guidline was initiated by the National Cancer Center of China and formulated with joint effort by experts from different disciplines. Following the principles and methods in WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the guidline integrates the latest development in LC screening and early diagnosis and treatment worldwide while fully considering China′s national conditions and practical experience in LC screening. It provides detailed evidence-based recommendations for different aspects of LC screening, such as the targeted population, the technologies and the procedures, to regulate the practices of LC screening and early diagnosis and treatment and enhance the effectiveness of the prevention and control of LC in China.

Breast cancer is the commonest malignant tumor among Chinese females, ranking first in terms of incidence of female cancers. Commissioned by the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, the National Cancer Center formulated the Guideline for Screening and Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Female Breast Cancer in China according to WHO Handbook for Guideline Development. The methods on Cochrane China were referred to for the formulation of the system evaluation procedures. The GRADE methods for assessment, formulation and evaluation were adopted for the classification of evidence quality and recommendation strength, and the items were reported according to Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare. Based on the results of evaluation, the guideline gives evidence-based recommendations for the appropriate population and technical procedures for breast cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment after comprehensive consideration of China′s national conditions, the advantages and disadvantages of the evidence, the quality of the evidence, the economic cost of screening, the feedback of multidisciplinary clinical research respondents, and in-person expert consensus. It is aimed at regulating the practices of female breast cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment and enhancing the effectiveness of the prevention and control of female breast cancer in China.

Breast cancer is the commonest malignant tumor among Chinese females, ranking first in terms of incidence of female cancers. Commissioned by the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, the National Cancer Center formulated the Guideline for Screening and Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Female Breast Cancer in China according to WHO Handbook for Guideline Development. The methods on Cochrane China were referred to for the formulation of the system evaluation procedures. The GRADE methods for assessment, formulation and evaluation were adopted for the classification of evidence quality and recommendation strength, and the items were reported according to Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare. Based on the results of evaluation, the guideline gives evidence-based recommendations for the appropriate population and technical procedures for breast cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment after comprehensive consideration of China′s national conditions, the advantages and disadvantages of the evidence, the quality of the evidence, the economic cost of screening, the feedback of multidisciplinary clinical research respondents, and in-person expert consensus. It is aimed at regulating the practices of female breast cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment and enhancing the effectiveness of the prevention and control of female breast cancer in China.

Objective To explore the role of miR-202 in multiple myeloma (MM) cells,and study the regulation of miR-202 on drug sensitivity of MM cells.Methods miR-202 and BAFF mRNA levels were detected by real-time PCR.U266 cells were transfected with miR-202-mimics,miR-202-inhibitor,siBAFF and their negative controls.After above treatments,protein levels of Bcl-2 family and MAPK signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis,and the proliferation and apoptosis ability of MM cells were examined by WST-1,Annexin Ⅴ-FLUOS assay,respectively.Results The results showed that the expression ofmiR-202 in CD138+ MM cells (0.304±0.354) and U266 cells (0.052± 0.009) were lower than in normal controls (3.550± 1.126) (P＜0.001,P=0.009),whereas BAFF mRNA levels (5.700±0.734,9.576±2.887) were higher than in normal controls (1.819±0.853) (P＜0.001,P=0.006).The proliferation ability of U266 cells transfected with miR-202 mimics was significantly inhibited than in control group [(56.04±0.021)％ vs (18.89±0.32)％,P=0.002].The result of Western blot showed that the expression of Bcl-2 decreased by about 24％,and the expression of Bax increased by about 124％ in cells transfected with miR-202 mimics.The apoptosis rate in cells transfected with miR-202 mimics was significantly more than in control group [(49.60±4.89)％ vs (26.20±1.28)％,P=0.029].The apoptosis rate in miR-202 mimics combined with Bort group (51.23±5.41)％ was higher as compared with Bort treatment alone (31.70±4.40) ％ or miR-202 mimics control combined with Bort group (27.94±4.04) ％,(P=0.047,P=0.028),whereas the apoptosis rate in miR-202 mimics combined with Thal or Dex had no significant difference compared with miR-202 mimics control [(11.66±1.91)％ vs (10.63±1.74)％,P=0.700;(16.35± 1.32)％ vs (17.43 ± 1.95)％,P=0.400].The inhibitory rate of cell growth in miR-202 mimics combined with Bort group was higher as compared with Bort treatment alone [(36.93±5.98)％ vs (18.18±4.10)％,P=0.029].The expressions of p-JNK protein decreased in U266 cells transfected with miR-202 mimics and treated with Bort.Conclusion miR-202 mimics combined with Bort could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of U266 cells through negative regulating target gene BAFF,which further inhibited the JNK/ SAPK signaling pathway.

Objective:To detect the expression of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in human acute lymphocyte leukemia (ALL) T lymphocytes ( CCRF-CEM) ,explore its effects on the biological features of CCRF-CEM cells and the expression of its target gene c-kit, so as to provide new insights for leukemia treatment.Methods: Using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction ( qRT-PCR) ,we detected the expression of miR-218 in the normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes and CCRF-CEM cells.Forty-eight hours after the miR-218 mimic was transfected into the CCRF-CEM cells,the expression of miR-218 in the CCRF-CEM cells was detected by qRT-PCR.The effect of miR-218 on the CCRF-CEM cell viability was detected using MTT.The effect of miR-218 on the proliferation and apoptosis of CCRF-CEM cell was analyzed using flow cytometry.c-kit gene was identified to be a target gene of miR-218 by luciferase reporter enzyme system,and the effect of miR-218 on the expression of KIT protein in cells were determined using Western blot.Results:As shown by qRT-PCR,compared with that in the normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes,the expressions of miR-218 in ALL T lymphocytes cell lines were significantly decreased ( P<0.01 ) .Compared with the control group, the expression of miR-218 increase significantly in CCRF-CEM cells transfected with miR-218 mimic for 48 hours ( P<0.01).MTT showed that the cell viability decreased significantly after the over-expression of miR-218 in the CCRF-CEM cells ( P<0.05 ) .Flow cytometry showed that the S-phase fraction significantly declined after the over-expression of miR-218 ( P<0.01 ) , and meanwhile the apoptosis of cells also significantly increased (P<0.01).Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that,compared with the control group,the relative luciferase activity significantly declined in the miR-218 mimic transfection group (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the expression of KIT protein in the CCRF-CEM cells transfected with miR-218 mimic for 48 hours significantly decreased ( P<0.01).Conclusion:The expression of miR-218 decreases in ALL T lymphocytes cell lines.MiR-218 can negatively regulate the expression of KIT protein,inhibit the proliferation and increase the apoptosis of CCRF-CEM cells.Treatment based on the enhanced expression of miR-218 may be a promising strategy for leukemia.