Objective: Patients with late life depression sometimes refuse to receive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) owing to its adverse reactions. To alleviate patient’s resistance, a novel ECT stimulation strategy named mixed-strategy ECT (msECT) was designed in which patients are administered conventional ECT during the first three sessions, followed by low energy stimulation during the subsequent sessions. However, whether low energy electrical stimulation in the subsequent stage of therapy affect its efficacy and reduce adverse reactions in patients with late life depression remains unknown. To explore differences between msECT and regular ECT(RECT) with respect to clinical efficacy and side effects Methods: This randomized, controlled trial was conducted from 2019 to 2021 on 60 patients with late life depression who were randomly assigned to two groups: RECT or msECT. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to compare the two stimulation strategies regarding their efficacy and side effects on cognition. Chi-squared test was used to compare side effects in the two strategies. Results: In the intent-to-treat group, the GEE model suggested no differences between-group difference in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 score over time (Wald χ2=7.275, p=0.064), whereas the comparison of side effects in the two strategies favored msECT (Wald χ2=8.463, p=0.015) as fewer patients had adverse events during the second phase of treatment with msECT (χ2 =13.467, p=0.004). Conclusion msECT presents its similar efficacy to RECT. msECT may have milder side effects on cognition.

Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists ; Consensus ; Cardiovascular System ; Cardiology ; Asia

OBJECTIVE: To understand the current state and problem of screening and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the community, and to explore the improving strategies. METHODS: We established a community-CKD integrated data science platform based on medical information from 79 community health centers, in Xicheng District, Beijing. Patients who referred to 79 community health centers from 21 June 2015 to 20 November 2021 were retrospectively included in this study using the CKD data platform. The monitoring of the indicator of kidney injury, risk factor control, medicine use and device configuration in community were assessed in the study. RESULTS: In the study, 70.6% of the population were identified with high risk of CKD in the total 374 498 individuals who referred to the community health centers. Hypertension (62.3%), coronary heart disease (43.3%) and diabetes (30.4%) were the most common risk factors in high-risk CKD population. Only 17.2% of the patients with high risk of CKD were screened for kidney injury including at least one serum creatine (Scr) or albuminuria test, among which 10 992 (24.2%) individuals were defined as CKD. 22.7% (11 338/49 908) of the total patients with kidney screening in community were defined as CKD, of whom, 42.6% and 46.1% were identified by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/(min·1.73 m²) and abnormalities of urinary proteins, respectively. The overall CKD detection rate in the community was 5.2% (19 299/374 498), and the miss-diagnosis rate of CKD was 38.1%. Of the 79 community health centers, 13 (16.5%) were equipped with ACR testing device, and eGFR was reported directly in 66 (83.5%) centers. Altogether 60.3% and 99.7% of the community CKD patients achieved glucose control and blood pressure control, respectively, and 59.3% of the CKD patients who had proteinuria was treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors. CONCLUSION High-risk CKD population account for a substantial proportion of patients who refer to the community. Early screening, prevention and management of CKD in the community are of great importance to improve the prognosis and decrease the burden of CKD. It's essential to establish a screening and monitoring system, strengthen standardized management and clinician training for improving the ability of CKD management in the community.
Albuminuria/epidemiology* ; Blood Glucose ; Creatine ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective Focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) and lung ultrasound (LU) are increasingly being used in critically ill patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FCU in combination with LU on these patients and to determine if the timing of ultrasound examination was associated with treatment change. Methods This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study. Consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for enrollment. FCU and LU were performed within the first 24 h, and treatment change was proposed by the performer based on the ultrasound results and other clinical conditions. Results Among the 992 patients included, 502 were examined within 6 h of ICU admission (early phase group), and 490 were examined after 6 h of admission (later phase group). The early phase group and the later phase group had similar proportions of treatment change (48.8%
Critical Illness ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the univariate heritability of resting heart rate and common chronic disease such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia based on extended pedigrees in Fujian Tulou area and to explore bivariate heritability to test for the genetic correlation between resting heart rate and other relative phenotypes. METHODS: The study was conducted in Tulou area of Nanjing County, Fujian Province from August 2015 to December 2017. The participants were residents with Zhang surname and their relatives from Taxia Village, Qujiang Village, and Nanou Village or residents with Chen surname and their relatives from Caoban Village, Tumei Village, and Beiling Village. The baseline survey recruited 1 563 family members from 452 extended pedigrees. The pedigree reconstruction was based on the family information registration and the genealogy booklet. Univariate and bivariate heritability was estimated using variance component models for continuous variables, and susceptibility-threshold model for binary variables. RESULTS: The pedigree reconstruction identified 1 seven-generation pedigree, 2 five-generation pedigrees, 23 four-generation pedigrees, 186 three-generation pedigrees, and 240 two-generation pedigrees. The mean age of the participants was 57.2 years and the males accounted for 39.4%. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia in this population was 49.2%, 10.0%, and 45.2%, respectively. The univariate heritability estimation of resting heart rate, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was 0.263 (95%CI: 0.120－0.407), 0.404 (95%CI: 0.135－0.673), and 0.799 (95%CI: 0.590－1), respectively. The heritability of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 0.379, 0.306, 0.393, 0.452, 0.568, 0.852, and 0.387, respectively. In bivariate analysis, there were phenotypic correlations between resting heart rate with hypertension, diabetes, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and triglyceride. After taking resting heart rate into account, there were strong genetic correlations between resting heart rate with fasting glucose (genetic correlation 0.485, 95%CI: 0.120－1, P<0.05) and diabetes (genetic correlation 0.795, 95%CI: 0.181－0.788, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Resting heart rate was a heritable trait and correlated with several common chronic diseases and related traits. There was strong genetic correlation between resting heart rate with fasting glucose and diabetes, suggesting that they may share common genetic risk factors.
Blood Pressure ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree

Objective To investigate whether elevated baseline levels of high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and neutrophil (NE) are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Kailuan female cohort. Methods Females from Kailuan cohort (2006-2007) were included in this study. Information on check-up, hsCRP and NE were collected at baseline for all subjects. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of association between baseline hsCRP and NE values and breast cancer risk. Results By December 31, 2015, a total of 18 866 participants were enrolled in this study. During the follow-up, 183 new cases of breast cancer were observed. All participants were divided into three groups according to the level of hsCRP (<1 mg/L, 1-3 mg/L and >3 mg/L). The cumulative incidence of breast cancer were 829/105, 1 211/105 and 1 495/105 in these 3 groups, respectively ( 2=12.08， P=0.002). Compared with participants with lower hsCRP levels (<1 mg/L), individuals with the highest hsCRP (>3 mg/L) levels had significantly increased risk of breast cancer (HR=1.71,95%CI: 1.18-2.47, P=0.005), howerver, we didn’t find the statistically significant association between NE level (<3.70×109/Lvs. ≥3.70×109/L) and the risk of brease cancer (P>0.05). Conclusions Elevated levels of hsCRP at baseline might increase the risk of breast cancer in females.

Whether and how garlic-derived -allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unknown. In the current study, the role of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-related protein 6 (LRP6) in HCC progression and the anti-HCC mechanism of SAMC was examined in clinical sample, cell model and xenograft/orthotopic mouse models. We demonstrated that SAMC inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, while induced apoptosis of human HCC cells without influencing normal hepatocytes. SAMC directly interacted with Wnt-pathway co-receptor LRP6 on the cell membrane. LRP6 was frequently over-expressed in the tumor tissue of human HCC patients (66.7% of 48 patients) and its over-expression only correlated with the over-expression of -catenin, but not with age, gender, tumor size, stage and metastasis. Deficiency or over-expression of LRP6 in hepatoma cells could partly mimic or counteract the anti-tumor properties of SAMC, respectively. administration of SAMC significantly suppressed the growth of Huh-7 xenograft/orthotopic HCC tumor without causing undesirable side effects. In addition, stable down-regulation of LRP6 in Huh-7 facilitated the anti-HCC effects of SAMC. In conclusion, LRP6 can be a potential therapeutic target of HCC. SAMC is a promising specific anti-tumor agent for treating HCC subtypes with Wnt activation at the hepatoma cell surface.

Objective To explore the effect of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) combined with bundle management on prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods Patients who were admitted to the ICU in a tertiary first-class hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were studied,MDT combined with bundle management has been applied in the prevention and control of MDRO infection in ICU since January 2014,continuous quality improvement program was performed one year later,isolation of MDROs from specimens of ICU patients before implementation(in the year of 2013),after implementation(in the year of 2014),and after continuous quality improvement(in the year of 2015) was compared.Results The infection rates of MDROs in ICU patients before implementation,after implementation,and after continuous quality improvement were 26.55％ (154/580),17.13％ (117/683),and 12.01％ (77/641) respectively,showing a downward trend,with a significant difference (x2 =44.030,P＜0.001);the total isolation rates of MDROs in ICU patients were 64.44％(154/239),63.59％(117/184),and 43.26％ (77/178) respectively,showing a downward trend,with a significant difference (x2 =22.284,P＜0.001).The main MDROs in ICU were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and pandrug resistant(PDR) Acinetobacterbaumannii (44.54％).Conclusion MDT combined with bundle management can decrease MDRO infection rate and isolation rate in ICU.

Objective To observe the effects of Shuangdan Mingmu Capsules on the expressions of HIF-1α and NF-κB; To explore its possible mechanism of treatment. Methods SD rats were injected with STZ (50 mg/kg) into the tail vein to induce diabetes mellitus. After the DR model was confirmed by fundus fluorescein angiography, the rats were randomly divided into model group, Shuangdan Mingmu Capsules group and positive medicine group, and normal rats were set as control group. After the last administration, the blood glucose level and retinopathy in rats were measured. The protein and gene expression of HIF-1α and NF-κB in the retina were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively. Results Compared with control group, the blood glucose in the model group was significantly increased; the retinal capillaries increased; the leakage of fluorescein was obvious; the protein and gene expressions of HIF-1α,NF-κB were significantly increased.After administration of Shuangdan Mingmu Capsules,the model rats decreased blood glucose; retinal microvascular volume decreased; fluorescein leakage area was significantly reduced; protein and gene expressions of HIF-1α and NF-κB were decreased. Conclusion Shuangdan Mingmu Capsules can effectively inhibit the neovascularization of DR rats and protect the retina, which may be related to the down-regulation of the expressions of HIF-1α and NF-κB.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of prenatal mobile phone exposure on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and doublecortin (DCX) in dentate gyrus of offspring rats. METHODS: The rat model of prenatal mobile phone exposure was established and there were three groups including control group, short term maternal exposure group and long term maternal exposure group(=6). From pregnant day 1 to day 17, pregnant rats in long term and short term maternal exposure group were exposed to an mobile phone in talking mode for 6 h/d and 24 h/d, respectively. Length of pregnancy, maternal body weight gain, litter size and pup's body weight were observed. The cell morphology in dentate gyrus of offspring rats at the age of 1 month was studied by cresyl violet staining. The immunohistochemical expression of PCNA and DCX in dentate gyrus of rat offspring were detected, and the expression of DCX and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of rat offspring were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS: There was no difference in length of pregnancy, maternal body weight gain, litter size and pup's body weight among three groups. The morphological changes of pyramidal cells in the polymorphic layer and DCX-positive cells in the dentate gyrus were obvious in rat offspring of long term maternal exposure group. There were less PCNA-positive cells in dentate gyrus and decreased expression of DCX and BDNF in hippocampus by Western blot in long term maternal exposure group compared with control and short term maternal exposure group (all <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Long term prenatal mobile phone exposure might inhibit the expression of PCNA and DCX in dentate gyrus of rat offspring by down-regulating BDNF.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; metabolism ; Cell Phone ; Dentate Gyrus ; metabolism ; Female ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Neuropeptides ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Radio Waves ; Rats