BACKGROUND:There is an increasing demand for orthodontic treatment,and periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)technique can make it possible to move orthodontic teeth that are limited by thin alveolar bone. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanics of orthodontic tooth movement before and after periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)surgery to increase alveolar bone volume using the three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS:A patient undergoing PAOO surgery before orthodontic treatment to increase bone volume on the labial side of the mandibular anterior region was selected.The patient was under invisible orthodontics.Two three-dimensional finite element models were constructed based on the patient's preoperative and 6-month postoperative cone beam CT data.Both models simulated the movement of tooth 33:experiment Ⅰ:distal-central movement of 0.25 mm;experiment Ⅱ:lingual movement of 0.25 mm;and experiment Ⅲ:intrusion movement of 0.10 mm.The stress distribution and initial displacement trend of tooth 33,periodontal ligament and surrounding alveolar bone under the action of the invisible aligner were analyzed before and after the PAOO procedure. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Dental stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress and overall stress values of tooth 33 were all higher before surgery than after surgery;there were similar distribution areas of maximum equivalent stress and overall distribution trends of Von-Mises stress before and after surgery.Periodontal ligament stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress and overall stress values of the periodontal ligament were higher before surgery than after surgery,and there were similar distribution areas of the maximum equivalent stress and overall distribution trends of Von-Mises stress before and after surgery.Alveolar bone stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress values of the alveolar bone around tooth 33 were higher before surgery than after surgery,while the equivalent stress distribution showed a gradual decrease from the top of the alveolar ridge to the root.Initial displacement analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the initial displacements in the main displacement direction for all six observation points of tooth 33 were smaller before surgery than after surgery,and showed a tendency to gradually decrease from the tooth tip to the apex.Therefore,there were differences in the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic tooth movement before and after the PAOO surgery.With the clear aligner,the postoperative equivalent stress values on the dentition,periodontal ligament,and surrounding alveolar bone were lower than before the surgery,and the initial displacements of the orthodontic teeth after the surgery are larger than before.These findings suggest that PAOO can release the restriction of thin alveolar bone on the movement of orthodontic tooth by increasing alveolar bone thickness,effectively improving the force on the roots,periodontal ligament,and alveolar bone,avoiding the stress concentration on orthodontic tooth in the thin alveolar bone area that can cause complications when moving,and improving the efficiency of tooth movement.

Objective:To assess the association between short-term ambient air pollution exposure and arterial stiffness and whether obesity modifies these associations.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted based on Fangshan family cohort in Beijing. The 24 hours average air pollutant levels on the day cohort participants took baseline survey were calculated as short-term air pollution. A generalized additive model (GAM) with Gaussian links was used to estimate changes in typical carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BAPWV), pulse pressure (PP) and ankle-branchial index (ABI) after short-term exposure to each air pollution (PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, NO 2, CO). The cross-product terms of each air pollution, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio were included in the GAM model to test the interaction. Further, they conducted a stratified analysis to test their effects on the relationship between short-term exposure to each air pollution and the arterial stiffness indicators. Results:A total of 4 211 individuals were included in the analysis. Individuals' age was (58.9±8.7) years, of which 2 268 (53.9%) were female. Several covariates, including sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and history of drugs, were included in the analysis. The results of the GAM analysis showed that an increase in PM 2.5 ( β=2.912×10 -4, 95% CI: 1.424×10 -4-4.400×10 -4, P<0.001), CO ( β=0.027, 95% CI: 0.011-0.043, P<0.001), SO 2 ( β=2.070×10 -3, 95% CI: 7.060×10 -4-3.430×10 -3, P=0.003), and NO 2 ( β=3.650×10 -4, 95% CI: 2.340×10 -5-7.060×10 -4, P=0.036) were associated with an increase in CIMT, while an increase in PM 10 ( β=0.018, 95% CI: 0.002-0.033, P=0.028) was associated with an increase in PP in the study population. Besides, the waist-to-hip ratio had an effect-modification on the correlation of short-term exposure of PM 2.5 (interaction P=0.015), NO 2 (interaction P=0.008), and CO (interaction P=0.044) with CIMT, and the correlation between short-term exposure of PM 2.5 (interaction P=0.002), NO 2 (interaction P=0.010), CO (interaction P=0.029), PM 10 (interaction P<0.001) with PP. The significant association between CIMT, PP, and air pollution concentrations was more visible in people with lower waist-to-hip ratios. Conclusions:Short-term ambient air pollution exposure was associated with arterial stiffness indicators, and there was an effect modification of waist-to-hip ratio on these associations, and lower waist-to-hip ratios may enhance the association between air pollution exposure and indicators.

Objective:To investigate the value of an MRI and digital pathology images based omics nomogram for the prediction of recurrence risk in soft tissue sarcoma (STS).Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. From January 2016 to March 2021, 192 patients with STS confirmed by pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were enrolled, among which 112 patients in the Laoshan campus were enrolled as training set, and 80 patients in the Shinan campus were enrolled as validation set. The patients were divided into recurrence group ( n=87) and no recurrence group ( n=105) during follow-up. The clinical and MRI features of patients were collected. The radiomics features based on fat saturated T 2WI images and pathomics features based on digital pathology images of the lesions were extracted respectively. The clinical model, radiomics model, pathomics model, radiomics-pathomics combined model, and omics nomogram which combined the optimal prediction model and the clinical model were established by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The concordance index (C index) and time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (t-AUC) were used to evaluate the performance of each model in predicting STS postoperative recurrence. The DeLong test was used for comparison of t-AUC between every two models. The X-tile software was used to determine the cut-off value of the omics nomogram, then the patients were divided into low risk ( n=106), medium risk ( n=64), and high risk ( n=22) groups. Three groups′ cumulative recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were calculated and compared by the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test. Results:The performance of the radiomics-pathomics combined model was superior to the radiomics model and pathomics model, with C index of 0.727 (95% CI 0.632-0.823) and medium t-AUC value of 0.737 (95% CI0.584-0.891) in the validation set. The omics nomogram was established by combining the clinical model and the radiomics-pathomics combined model, with C index of 0.763 (95% CI 0.685-0.842) and medium t-AUC value of 0.783 (95% CI0.639-0.927) in the validation set. The t-AUC value of omics nomogram was significantly higher than that of clinical model, TNM model, radiomics model, and pathomics model in the validation set ( Z=3.33, 2.18, 2.08, 2.72, P=0.001, 0.029, 0.037, 0.007). There was no statistical difference in t-AUC between the omics nomogram and radiomics-pathomics combined model ( Z=0.70, P=0.487). In the validation set, the 1-year RFS rates of STS patients in the low, medium, and high recurrence risk groups were 92.0% (95% CI 81.5%-100%), 55.9% (95% CI 40.8%-76.6%), and 37.5% (95% CI 15.3%-91.7%). In the training and validation sets, there were statistically significant in cumulative RFS rates among the low, medium, and high groups of STS patients (training set χ2=73.90, P<0.001; validation set χ2=18.70, P<0.001). Conclusion:The omics nomogram based on MRI and digital pathology images has favorable performance for the prediction of STS recurrence risk.

Using big data and artificial intelligence to establish a multi-point monitoring, early warning, and disposal system to achieve early warning and intervention of infectious disease outbreaks is an important means of controlling the spread of the epidemic. Taking Xiaoshan district as an example, this study analyzes the monitoring contents, warning methods, and application effectiveness of the infectious disease monitoring, early warning and disposal system. Based on Xiaoshan′s health big data resources, the system starts with syndrome, disease diagnosis and etiology. Through advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and block chain, it realizes early identification of infectious disease outbreaks, data fusion, multi-cross collaboration, and closed-loop management. It has improved the sensitivity of clustered outbreaks monitoring and the effectiveness of epidemic disposal and provided a reference for grassroots disease prevention and control departments to establish an infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Objective:To explore the effects of short-term particulate matter(PM)exposure and the melatonin receptor 1B(MTNR1B)gene on triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index utilizing data from Fang-shan Family-based Ischemic Stroke Study in China(FISSIC).Methods:Probands and their relatives from 9 rural areas in Fangshan District,Beijing,were included in the study.PM data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring System.TyG index was calculated by fasting triglyceride and glucose concentrations.The associations of short-term PM exposure and rs10830963 polymorphism of the MTNR1B gene with the TyG index were assessed using mixed linear models,in which covariates such as age,sex,and lifestyles were adjusted for.Gene-environment inter-action analysis was furtherly performed using the maximum likelihood methods to explore the potential effect modifier role of rs10830963 polymorphism in the association of PM with TyG index.Results:A total of 4 395 participants from 2 084 families were included in the study,and the mean age of the study participants was(58.98±8.68)years,with 53.90％females.The results of association analyses showed that for every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration,TyG index increased by 0.017(95％CI:0.007-0.027),while for per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM1o,TyG index increased by 0.010(95％CI:0.003-0.017).And the associations all had lagged effects.In addition,there was a positive association between the rs10830963 polymorphism and the TyG index.For per increase in risk allele G,TyG index was elevated by 0.040(95％CI:0.004-0.076).The TyG index was 0.079(95％CI:0.005-0.152)higher in carriers of the GG genotype compared with carriers of the CC genotype.The inter-action of rs10830963 polymorphism with PM exposure had not been found to be statistically significant in the present study.Conclusion:Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with higher TyG index.The G allele of rs10830963 polymorphism in the MTNR1B gene was associated with the elevated TyG index.

Objective:To explore the association between polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)signaling pathway and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate(NSCL/P)among Asian populations,while considering gene-gene interaction and gene-environment interaction.Methods:A total of 1 038 Asian NSCL/P case-parent trios were ascertained from an international consortium,which conducted a genome-wide association study using a case-parent trio design to investigate the genes affec-ting risk to NSCL/P.After stringent quality control measures,343 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)spanning across 10 pivotal genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway were selected from the original genome-wide association study(GWAS)dataset for further analysis.The transmission disequilibrium test(TDT)was used to test for SNP effects.The conditional Logistic regression models were used to test for gene-gene interaction and gene-environment interaction.Environmental factors collected for the study in-cluded smoking during pregnancy,passive smoking during pregnancy,alcohol intake during pregnancy,and vitamin use during pregnancy.Due to the low rates of exposure to smoking during pregnancy and al-cohol consumption during pregnancy(＜3％),only the interaction between maternal smoking during pregnancy and multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy was analyzed.The threshold for statistical significance was rigorously set at P=1.46 × 10-4,applying Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing.Results:A total of 23 SNPs in 4 genes yielded nominal association with NSCL/P(P＜0.05),but none of these associations was statistically significant after Bonferroni's multiple test correction.How-ever,there were 6 pairs of SNPs rs4939874(SMAD2)and rs1864615(TGFBR2),rs2796813(TGFB2)and rs2132298(TGFBR2),rs4147358(SMAD3)and rs1346907(TGFBR2),rs4939874(SMAD2)and rs1019855(TGFBR2),rs4939874(SMAD2)and rs12490466(TGFBR2),rs2009112(TGFB2)and rs4075748(TGFBR2)showed statistically significant SNP-SNP interaction(P＜1.46 × 10-4).In contrast,the analysis of gene-environment interactions did not yield any significant results after being cor-rected by multiple testing.Conclusion:The comprehensive evaluation of SNP associations and interac-tions within the TGF-β signaling pathway did not yield any direct associations with NSCL/P risk in Asian populations.However,the significant gene-gene interactions identified suggest that the genetic architec-ture influencing NSCL/P risk may involve interactions between genes within the TGF-β signaling path-way.These findings underscore the necessity for further investigations to unravel these results and further explore the underlying biological mechanisms.

Objective:To analyze the clinical, genetic mutation characteristics, and treatment prognosis of type 2A hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) in China.Methods:Peripheral blood samples and clinical data of patients with primary iron overload were collected through the China Registry of Genetic/Metabolic Liver Disease from June 2015 to November 2023. HH-related genes were detected by Sanger sequencing. Clinical characteristics and gene mutation characteristics of HH patients carrying HJV gene mutations were analyzed.Results:Among the 37 cases with primary iron overload, ten cases (27.0%, 10/37) had detectable HJV gene mutations, which included four homozygous mutations, five compound heterozygous mutations, and one monoheterozygous mutation. p.Q6H and p.C321X (80.0%, 8/10) were the most common mutated sites. The average age of onset was 30.7±14.7 years. The age of diagnosis was 35.7±16.2 years, with male-to-female ratio of 7:3. Ferritin and transferrin saturation were (5 267±905) ng/ml, and 94.3%±1.2%, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging showed iron overload in the liver, pancreas, and myocardium. Liver biopsy showed diffuse iron deposition within hepatocytes. All ten cases had elevated transaminases; one case (1/10, 10.0%) had liver cirrhosis; four cases (4/10, 40.0%) had heart failure and arrhythmia; five cases (5/10, 50.0%) had diabetes; six cases (6/10, 60.0%) had hypogonadism; six cases (6/10, 60.0%) had skin pigmentation; and six cases (6/10, 60.0%) had fatigue symptoms. All six cases underwent bloodletting therapy, and ferritin levels dropped to about 100 ng/ml. Two cases of oral administration of the iron chelator deferasirox did not meet the ferritin level standard, and one case died from acute heart failure following a confirmed diagnosis during hospitalization.Conclusion:The HJV gene may be one of the main pathogenic genes of HH in China. The p.Q6H and p.C321X mutations were one of the hotspot mutations. The onset age of HJV gene-related HH was between 20 and 30 years old, and their condition was severe. Therefore, early bloodletting treatment can have a favorable outcome.

Objective:To design a new type of intelligent power-assisted hip disarticulation prosthesis and to use experiments to verify its kinematic performance.Methods:The main body of the prosthesis was designed using a double parallel four-link configuration based on a remote motion center mechanism. A series elastic actuator was used to provide external power for the prosthesis, and an antagonistic torsion spring structure was used to achieve bidirectional energy storage assistance in hip flexion and extension. A control system based on impedance control was established. By setting up an auxiliary force field to compensate for the difference between the actual angle of the prosthesis and the target angle, the prosthesis assist function was realized. Finally, the traditional hip disarticulation prosthesis was used as a comparison to test the overall performance of the new intelligent power-assisted hip disarticulation prosthesis worn by normal people.Results:For the new smart-assisted hip-disarticulation prosthesis, the goodness-of-fit of its hip joint angle curve to that of a normal person was 86%, which was 14% higher than that of the traditional hip-disarticulation prosthesis (72%). The goodness-of-fit of the healthy-side angle of the new smart-assisted hip disarticulation prosthesis to the normal human was 94%, which was the same as that of the traditional hip disarticulation prosthesis.Conclusions:A new type of intelligent power-assisted hip disarticulation prosthesis is designed to realize the function of prosthesis-assisted movement.

This experiment was divided into two parts:in vivo and in vitro.In the in vivo experi-ment,10 healthy and 10 ketotic cows were selected,and adipose tissues were collected.ELISA re-sults showed that malonaldehyde(MDA)content and reactive oxygen species(ROS)activity were higher in adipose tissues of cows with clinical ketotic compared with healthy cows,and glutathione peroxidase(GPP)activity was higher than that of cows with clinical ketotic.Western blot results showed that compared with the healthy group,adipose tissue of the ketotic group showed a signifi-cant increase in the expression level of TP53 induces glycolysis and apoptosis factors(TIGAR)protein,a significant up-regulation in the expression level of Nrf2-HMOX1 signaling pathway pro-tein,and a significant increase in the expression level of oxidative stress protein in adipose tissue of the ketotic group.The expression level of TIGAR protein was significantly up-regulated,the pro-tein level of Nrf2-HMOX1 signaling pathway was significantly up-regulated,and the protein levels of oxidative stress-related indexes SOD1,catalase(CAT)and glutathione S-transferase(GST)were significantly increased.It indicated that oxidative stress occurred in the adipose tissue of ketotic cows in vivo.In vitro experiments were carried out to detect the effect of TIGAR on oxida-tive stress in bovine adipocytes by adenoviral silencing or overexpression of TIGAR in isolated and cultured bovine primary adipocytes as well as by the addition of hydrogen peroxide in vitro for 2 h.The Western blot results showed that the hydrogen peroxide group showed enhanced oxidative stress compared with the control group,and the nuclear correlation factor 2 was significantly in-creased.correlation factor 2(Nrf2)pathway,decreased expression of Nrf2 and hemeoxygenase-1(HMOX1),and decreased expression of related oxidative stress proteins in the hydrogen peroxide group;compared with the hydrogen peroxide group,the protein expression levels of Nrf2-HMOX1 and related oxidative stress proteins were up-regulated in the group with overexpression of TIGAR and hydrogen peroxide,and the expression levels of related oxidative stress proteins were up-regu-lated in the group with overexpression of TIGAR and hydrogen peroxide.Expression level was up-regulated,and the expression of related oxidative stress proteins SOD1,CAT and GST increased.This indicates that overexpression of TIGAR alleviated hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in adipocytes.Protein expression of Nrf2-HMOX1 signaling pathway and oxidative stress-related proteins SOD1,CAT and GST were down-regulated in the silencing TIGAR plus hydrogen perox-ide group compared to the hydrogen peroxide group.It indicates that silencing TIGAR exacerbated the oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide to adipocytes.

Using big data and artificial intelligence to establish a multi-point monitoring, early warning, and disposal system to achieve early warning and intervention of infectious disease outbreaks is an important means of controlling the spread of the epidemic. Taking Xiaoshan district as an example, this study analyzes the monitoring contents, warning methods, and application effectiveness of the infectious disease monitoring, early warning and disposal system. Based on Xiaoshan′s health big data resources, the system starts with syndrome, disease diagnosis and etiology. Through advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and block chain, it realizes early identification of infectious disease outbreaks, data fusion, multi-cross collaboration, and closed-loop management. It has improved the sensitivity of clustered outbreaks monitoring and the effectiveness of epidemic disposal and provided a reference for grassroots disease prevention and control departments to establish an infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.