Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to perform multi-plane quantitative analysis of temporal soft tissue thickness, and the measurement data set of temporal soft tissue thickness was initially established to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of temporal rejuvenation.Methods:High definition images of Han population in Southwest China who underwent head MRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2016 to December 2021 were randomly collected in this study. A total of 12 measuring points were set, which were evenly distributed in the upper, middle, lower, anterior and posterior regions of the temporal, including the thickness of the whole temporal soft tissue (NA, Na, MA, Ma, GA, Ga) and the thickness of the temporal muscle (NB, Nb, MB, Mb, GB, Gb). They were divided into different groups according to sex, age (≤30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old, >60 years old) and body mass index (BMI < 21 kg/m 2, 21-26 kg/m 2, > 26 kg/m 2). The differences of temporal soft tissue thickness under different gender, age and BMI were compared. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of normal distribution measurement data between two groups, and one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups. Results:(1) A total of 278 patients were included, including 140 males and 138 females, ranging in age from 12 to 82 years, with an average age of 44.5 years, and BMI of 18.4 to 33.4 kg/m 2. According to age group: ≤30 years old, 56 cases; 31-40 years old, 64 cases; 41-50 years old, 56 cases; 51- 60 years old, 56 cases; >60 years old, 46 cases. According to BMI, males (< 21 kg/m 2, 38 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 56 cases; > 26 kg/m 2, 46 cases) and females(< 21 kg/m 2, 48 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 50 cases; >26 kg/m 2, 40 cases) were grouped. (2) Male temporal soft tissue was thicker than female, especially temporalis muscle, and the difference in 6 temporal muscle thickness measurements were statistically significant ( P<0.05). (3) In general, the temporalis muscle in males at 31-40 years old and in females at ≤30 years old tend to be thicker than that in other age groups. In both sexes, the temporalis muscle became thinner with age after reaching the peak. (4) The whole layer of soft tissue in the temporal region thickened with the increase of BMI in both sexes, and the whole layer of soft tissue in the lower temporal region was thicker than that in the middle and upper temporal region. Conclusion:Temporal soft tissue thickness is associated with gender, age and BMI. The temporal muscle thickness of both sexes was gradually thinning with age, while the whole temporal soft tissue was thickening with the increase of BMI.

Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to perform multi-plane quantitative analysis of temporal soft tissue thickness, and the measurement data set of temporal soft tissue thickness was initially established to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of temporal rejuvenation.Methods:High definition images of Han population in Southwest China who underwent head MRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2016 to December 2021 were randomly collected in this study. A total of 12 measuring points were set, which were evenly distributed in the upper, middle, lower, anterior and posterior regions of the temporal, including the thickness of the whole temporal soft tissue (NA, Na, MA, Ma, GA, Ga) and the thickness of the temporal muscle (NB, Nb, MB, Mb, GB, Gb). They were divided into different groups according to sex, age (≤30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old, >60 years old) and body mass index (BMI < 21 kg/m 2, 21-26 kg/m 2, > 26 kg/m 2). The differences of temporal soft tissue thickness under different gender, age and BMI were compared. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of normal distribution measurement data between two groups, and one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups. Results:(1) A total of 278 patients were included, including 140 males and 138 females, ranging in age from 12 to 82 years, with an average age of 44.5 years, and BMI of 18.4 to 33.4 kg/m 2. According to age group: ≤30 years old, 56 cases; 31-40 years old, 64 cases; 41-50 years old, 56 cases; 51- 60 years old, 56 cases; >60 years old, 46 cases. According to BMI, males (< 21 kg/m 2, 38 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 56 cases; > 26 kg/m 2, 46 cases) and females(< 21 kg/m 2, 48 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 50 cases; >26 kg/m 2, 40 cases) were grouped. (2) Male temporal soft tissue was thicker than female, especially temporalis muscle, and the difference in 6 temporal muscle thickness measurements were statistically significant ( P<0.05). (3) In general, the temporalis muscle in males at 31-40 years old and in females at ≤30 years old tend to be thicker than that in other age groups. In both sexes, the temporalis muscle became thinner with age after reaching the peak. (4) The whole layer of soft tissue in the temporal region thickened with the increase of BMI in both sexes, and the whole layer of soft tissue in the lower temporal region was thicker than that in the middle and upper temporal region. Conclusion:Temporal soft tissue thickness is associated with gender, age and BMI. The temporal muscle thickness of both sexes was gradually thinning with age, while the whole temporal soft tissue was thickening with the increase of BMI.

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effects of bio-intensity electric field on directional migration and microtubule acetylation in human epidermal cell line HaCaT, aiming to provide molecular theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of wound repair. Methods: The experimental research methods were used. HaCaT cells were collected and divided into simulated electric field group (n=54) placed in the electric field device without electricity for 3 h and electric field treatment group (n=52) treated with 200 mV/mm electric field for 3 h (the same treatment methods below). The cell movement direction was observed in the living cell workstation and the movement velocity, trajectory velocity, and direction of cosθ of cell movement within 3 h of treatment were calculated. HaCaT cells were divided into simulated electric field group and electric field treatment 1 h group, electric field treatment 2 h group, and electric field treatment 3 h group which were treated with 200 mV/mm electric field for corresponding time. HaCaT cells were divided into simulated electric field group and 100 mV/mm electric field group, 200 mV/mm electric field group, and 300 mV/mm electric field group treated with electric field of corresponding intensities for 3 h. The protein expression of acetylated α-tubulin was detected by Western blotting (n=3). HaCaT cells were divided into simulated electric field group and electric field treatment group, and the protein expression of acetylated α-tubulin was detected and located by immunofluorescence method (n=3). Data were statistically analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis H test,Mann-Whitney U test, Bonferroni correction, one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference test, and independent sample t test. Results: Within 3 h of treatment, compared with that in simulated electric field group, the cells in electric field treatment group had obvious tendency to move directionally, the movement velocity and trajectory velocity were increased significantly (with Z values of -8.53 and -2.05, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the directionality was significantly enhanced (Z=-8.65, P<0.01). Compared with (0.80±0.14) in simulated electric field group, the protein expressions of acetylated α-tubulin in electric field treatment 1 h group (1.50±0.08) and electric field treatment 2 h group (1.89±0.06) were not changed obviously (P>0.05), while the protein expression of acetylated α-tubulin of cells in electric field treatment 3 h group (3.37±0.36) was increased significantly (Z=-3.06, P<0.05). After treatment for 3 h, the protein expressions of acetylated α-tubulin of cells in 100 mV/mm electric field group, 200 mV/mm electric field group, and 300 mV/mm electric field group were 1.63±0.05, 2.24±0.08, and 2.00±0.13, respectively, which were significantly more than 0.95±0.27 in simulated electric field group (P<0.01). Compared with that in 100 mV/mm electric field group, the protein expressions of acetylated α-tubulin in 200 mV/mm electric field group and 300 mV/mm electric field group were increased significantly (P<0.01); the protein expression of acetylated α-tubulin of cells in 300 mV/mm electric field group was significantly lower than that in 200 mV/mm electric field group (P<0.05). After treatment for 3 h, compared with that in simulated electric field group, the acetylated α-tubulin of cells had enhanced directional distribution and higher protein expression (t=5.78, P<0.01). Conclusions: Bio-intensity electric field can induce the directional migration of HaCaT cells and obviously up-regulate the level of α-ubulin acetylation after treatment at 200 mV/mm bio-intensity electric field for 3 h.
Humans ; Acetylation ; Tubulin/metabolism* ; Microtubules/metabolism* ; Electricity ; Epidermal Cells/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of periorbital aging in healthy Han women in outpatient department of a first-class hospital in Chongqing, and to provide reference evidence-based eye rejuvenation treatments for Han women in the area.Methods:Cross-sectional study method was used to collect clear frontal photos of healthy Han women in Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March to July 2021. Photos were stratified by age (20-29 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, ≥60 years old) and numbered, then the same number of photos were randomly selected for each age group. The pupil was defined as the point O of the coordinate axis, the connecting line between the pupils on both sides was the x-axis, and the vertical line passing through the pupil was the y-axis. The coordinate position of the inner canthal point (A), lower tear point (B), intersection point of y-axis and lower eyelid margin (C), lowest point of lower eyelid margin (D), lateral canthal point (E), highest point of upper eyelid margin (F), intersection point of the y-axis and the upper eyelid margin(G) were measured and recorded. SPSS 25.0 software was used for analysis. Measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. One-way ANOVA analysis was used for comparison of various indicators among different age groups. LSD test was used for paired comparison between groups.Results:A total of 500 healthy Han women in Chongqing area were included, each age group had 100 cases. Measurement results showed that A(x) increased and A(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=37.70, 7.97, all P<0.001), indicating that internal canthus gradually moved away from the pupil, closer to the nose and downward as people age. B(x) decreased and B(y) increased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=44.72, 39.93, all P<0.001), indicating that the lower lacrimal point moved to the pupil, the nose and upward with aging. C(y) increased and G(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=230.29, 143.98, all P<0.001), which showed that the upper and lower eyelids moved closer to the pupil with aging, resulting in narrow eye fissure. D(x) and D(y) increased gradually with aging, and the differences were statistically significant among different age groups ( F=148.24, 259.24, all P<0.001). F(x) increased and F(y) decreased gradually with aging, and the difference were statistically significant among groups ( F=258.03, 152.95, all P<0.001). It indicated that the highest point of the upper eyelid margin and the lowest point of the lower eyelid margin moved towards the pupil with aging. E(x) increased and E(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=21.11, 21.46, all P<0.001), which indicated that the lateral canthus moved downward, closer to the nasal side with aging. The distance of inner canthus and outer canthus (AE) had no relationship with age, as there was no significant difference between groups ( F=0.99, P=0.415). The paired comparison between groups showed that the differences in all indicators between the 20-29 years old group and the ≥60 years old group were statistically significant (all P<0.05), and the differences in some indicators in some adjacent age groups had no statistical significance, but had little effect on the overall variation. Conclusions:The periorbital morphological characteristics of healthy Han women in outpatient department of a first-class hospital in Chongqing present regular changes during the aging process. The main manifestations are eyeball exposure reduction, inner canthus retreat, inner and lateral canthus ptosis, and the contour of the eye shape gradually changes from roundness to slender appearance.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of periorbital aging in healthy Han women in outpatient department of a first-class hospital in Chongqing, and to provide reference evidence-based eye rejuvenation treatments for Han women in the area.Methods:Cross-sectional study method was used to collect clear frontal photos of healthy Han women in Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March to July 2021. Photos were stratified by age (20-29 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, ≥60 years old) and numbered, then the same number of photos were randomly selected for each age group. The pupil was defined as the point O of the coordinate axis, the connecting line between the pupils on both sides was the x-axis, and the vertical line passing through the pupil was the y-axis. The coordinate position of the inner canthal point (A), lower tear point (B), intersection point of y-axis and lower eyelid margin (C), lowest point of lower eyelid margin (D), lateral canthal point (E), highest point of upper eyelid margin (F), intersection point of the y-axis and the upper eyelid margin(G) were measured and recorded. SPSS 25.0 software was used for analysis. Measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. One-way ANOVA analysis was used for comparison of various indicators among different age groups. LSD test was used for paired comparison between groups.Results:A total of 500 healthy Han women in Chongqing area were included, each age group had 100 cases. Measurement results showed that A(x) increased and A(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=37.70, 7.97, all P<0.001), indicating that internal canthus gradually moved away from the pupil, closer to the nose and downward as people age. B(x) decreased and B(y) increased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=44.72, 39.93, all P<0.001), indicating that the lower lacrimal point moved to the pupil, the nose and upward with aging. C(y) increased and G(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=230.29, 143.98, all P<0.001), which showed that the upper and lower eyelids moved closer to the pupil with aging, resulting in narrow eye fissure. D(x) and D(y) increased gradually with aging, and the differences were statistically significant among different age groups ( F=148.24, 259.24, all P<0.001). F(x) increased and F(y) decreased gradually with aging, and the difference were statistically significant among groups ( F=258.03, 152.95, all P<0.001). It indicated that the highest point of the upper eyelid margin and the lowest point of the lower eyelid margin moved towards the pupil with aging. E(x) increased and E(y) decreased gradually with aging, among different age groups there were statistically significant ( F=21.11, 21.46, all P<0.001), which indicated that the lateral canthus moved downward, closer to the nasal side with aging. The distance of inner canthus and outer canthus (AE) had no relationship with age, as there was no significant difference between groups ( F=0.99, P=0.415). The paired comparison between groups showed that the differences in all indicators between the 20-29 years old group and the ≥60 years old group were statistically significant (all P<0.05), and the differences in some indicators in some adjacent age groups had no statistical significance, but had little effect on the overall variation. Conclusions:The periorbital morphological characteristics of healthy Han women in outpatient department of a first-class hospital in Chongqing present regular changes during the aging process. The main manifestations are eyeball exposure reduction, inner canthus retreat, inner and lateral canthus ptosis, and the contour of the eye shape gradually changes from roundness to slender appearance.

Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of fibroblasts methyl CpG binding protein 2(MECP2)and histone deacetylase 6(HDAC6) at different stages of scar tissues and hypertrophic scars. Methods: From August 2016 to May 2017, 118 cases of scar and 33 cases of upper eyelid lasia received from the Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing were collected, including 33 cases of normal skin (ages 34-68, 12 cases of male and 21 cases of female), 32 cases of normal scar (ages 8-68, 19 cases of male and 13 cases of female), 35 cases of keloid (ages 11-62, 11 cases of male and 24 cases of female) and 51 cases of hypertrophic scar (ages 12-58, 22 cases of male and 29 cases of female) without any treatment.The hypertrophic scar was divided into 4 groups according to the growth time: 10 cases in the 0-3 month group, 11 cases in the 4-6 month group, 13 cases in the 7-12 month group, and 17 cases in the >12 month group. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the expressions of MECP2 and HDAC6 in tissues of each group, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction gene amplification fluorescence detection technology was used to detect the expressions of MECP2mRNA and HDAC6 mRNA, and the differences between each group were compared. SPSS20.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained in the experiment, and one-way ANOVAwas used to test the differences between the groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: MECP2 protein is gradually expressed in normal skin (1 326.4±572.3), normal scar (2 341.4±816.2), hypertrophic scar (3 500.7±1407.6) and keloid (4 787.9±1 514.3), F=33.82, P=0.001. Similarly, the expression of MECP2mRNA in normal skin (0.82±0.43), normal scar (1v14±0.45), hypertrophic scar (1.59±0.39) and keloid (2.14±0.53) was also gradually increased, F=23.4, P=0.001. In normal skin (1 332.5±746.7) and normal scar (2 307.7±1 027.4), hypertrophic scar (4 107.4±1 223.1) and keloid, the level of HDAC6 protein expression (5 155.9±1 265.3) were significant different, F = 50.27, P=0.001.There were still statistically significant differences in HDAC6mRNA between normal skin (0.57±0.23), normal scar(1.03±0.35), hypertrophic scar (1.47±0.31) and keloid (1.87±0.45), F=38.06, P=0.001.In hypertrophic scar, there was no significant difference in MECP2 between the 0-3 month group (4 758.4±660.1) and the 4-6 month group (4 602.4 ±583.9), F=1.28, P=0.97), 7-12 month (3 000.7±982.7) group and >12 month (1 990.7 ±992.3)group of MECP2 expression quantity decrease, F=25.8, P=0.001; There was no significant difference in the level of HDAC6 protein in the 0-3 month (5 069.3±1 236.1) group and 4-6 month (5 316.7±1 237.4) group, F=1.02, P=0.98, and the expression was significantly reduced in the 7-12 month (3 084.7±1 685.5) group and the>12 month (2 304.6±1 337.1)group, F=11.41, P=0.001. Conclusions MECP2 and HDAC6 play a critical role in the formation of scarring in the human body. Epigenetic regulation mediated by MECP2 and HDAC6 is an important target for inhibiting scar formation.

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect of surgery combined with ⁹⁰Sr dynamic therapy used in pathological scar. Methods: 323 cases of pathological scar were treated with ⁹⁰Sr dynamic therapy after surgery from June 2010 to June 2014. Initial treatment regimen was made according to the growth characteristics of pathological scar. Then adjusting the treatment programs according to the treatment response.The treatment effect and complications were compared between the new treatment regimen and traditional regimen used in 252 patients (June 2006 to May 2010). SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis of data. Chi-square test was used for comparison of the differences between groups. The scars Vancouver scores were analyzed by one-way ANOVA two years after treatment. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The absorption rate in the proliferative phase of the dynamic treatment group was (4.32±0.00) cGy.s^-1.cm^-2, which was higher than that in the traditional treatment group (3.24±0.00) cGy.s^-1.cm^-2(F=1.742, P=0.000). Two years after treatment, the score in the dynamic treatment group was (2.94±1.22) points, which was lower than that in the traditional treatment group (4.21±1.68) (F=93.841, P=0.000); the complication rate and recurrence rate were 0.9% (3/323) and 0.6% (2/323) in dynamic treatment group while 11.1% (28/252) and 9.5% (24/252) in traditional treatment group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ²=457.69, P=0.000; χ²=457.70, P=0.000). Conclusions The treatment of surgery combined with ⁹⁰Sr isotope is effective in pathological scar, but treatment programs should be developed as a dynamic treatment according to the individual characteristics of the pathological scar.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the Huhang Burn Liniment in the treatment of Ⅱ degree burn wounds.Methods 400 cases of Ⅱ[degree burn patients admitted to the 4 research centers were divided into two groups(n=200).The treatment group was treated with external Huhang Burn Liniment and the control group was treated with topical silver sulfadiazine silver paste.The wound healing,safety and effect of treatment were compared between two groups.Results The wound healing time in treatment group was significantly better than that of control group (P＜0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in bacterial infection rate and VAS score between two groups.After treatment,the bacterial infection rate and the degree of pain relief in the treatment group were significantly better than those in control group(P＜0.05).The cure rate and total effective rate in treatment group were 84.0 ％ and 97.5 ％ respectively,while the control group were 72 ％ and 87 ％,the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The Huhang Burn Liniment can effectively promote wound healing,inhibit the growth of bacteria,it's safe and reliable.

Objective: To explore clinical application effects of skin distractor on the treatment of scars and to observe effects of skin distractor with different pull speeds on different parts scars of human body. Methods: One hundred and four patients with scars, conforming to the study criteria, were hospitalized in our unit from January 2014 to June 2015. Patients were divided into 2 mm/d group and 4 mm/d group according to the random number table, with 52 patients in each group. After admission, skin distractors were pasted on scars in face and neck, trunk, and extremities of patients in 2 groups, with inner edges of pasteboards close to outside edges of longer sides of scars. Skin distractors in 2 mm/d group and 4 mm/d group were pulled to scars axis direction as speeds of 2 mm/d and 4 mm/d, respectively. Pull time equals values of pull speeds divided by width of scars. Scars were resected after finishing pulling. Immediately after scars resection, skin distractors were pasted again with inner edges of pasteboards close to outside edges of longer sides of incision and removed when stitches were taken out. Scars of patients were scored by Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used to record scores of patient scar assessment scale (PSAS), observer scar assessment scale (OSAS) and overall scores of patients and observers of scars of patients before and one year after scars resection. Data were processed with χ² test, independent samples t test, paired samples t test, independent samples non-parametric rank-sum test and paired samples non-parametric rank-sum test. Results: (1) Scores of all scars of patients in 2 groups before scars resection were close (with t values from -1.384 to 0.622, P values above 0.05), obviously higher than those of one year post scars resection (with t values from 11.085 to 24.835, P values below 0.01). Scores of scars in face and neck, trunk and extremities in 2 groups before scars resection were close (with Z values from -1.651 to -0.035, t values from -1.549 to 0.219, P values above 0.05), significantly higher than those of one year post scar resection (with Z values from -2.992 to -2.555, t values from 8.739 to 19.076, P values below 0.01). (2) Scores of all scars of patients in 2 mm/d group of one year post scars resection were lower than those in 4 mm/d group (with t values from -2.583 to -2.018, P values below 0.05). PSAS scores of scars in face and neck and trunk in 2 mm/d group of one year post scars resection were lower than those in 4 mm/d group (with Z values respectively -2.385 and -2.198, P values below 0.05), other scores of scars in face and neck and trunk of patients in 2 groups of one year post scars resection were close (with Z values from -1.841 to -0.363, P values above 0.05). VSS scores, PSAS scores, OSAS scores, patients′ overall scores, and observers′ overall scores in 2 mm/d groups were (4.6±0.8), (28±4), (28±4), (4.7±0.7), (4.8±1.4) points, respectively, lower than those in 4 mm/d group[(5.2±0.8), (32±4), (31±6), (5.5±1.2), (5.5±1.0) points, respectively, with t values from -3.712 to -2.105, P<0.05 or P<0.01]. Conclusions Skin distractor has better effects on the treatment of scars, and treatment effects of skin distractor in extremities pulled by 2 mm/d are better than those pulled by 4 mm/d.

This study was aimed to observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)Bu-Shen Gu-Jin Prescription (BSGJP) on the expression and action mechanism of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rabbit model. A total of 76 8-month healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group, model group, TCM BSGJP group and western medicine group, with 19 rabbits in each group. Except the control group, improved Hulth modeling method was used in the animal model establishment. After 8-week consecutive medication, the serum, part of the synovial membrane tissues on the anterior side of the knee joint, articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the medial condyle of the femur were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used in the content determination of IL-1 and TNF-α. The results showed that the narrowing of the joint space of the western medicine group were in between the model group and the TCM BSGJP group with obvious osteophyte formation. The TCM BSGJP group had slight narrowing of the joint space, mild rough of the articular cartilage surface, and slight osteophyte formation. The contents of IL-1 and TNF-α in the model group were higher than than of the control group (P < 0.01). Both medication groups were lower than the model group (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two medication groups. It was concluded that BSGJP effectively reduced the secretion of IL-1 and TNF-α, delayed the deterioration of cartilage, which provided scientific experimental evidences for the clinical applications.