Social capital, as a significant social factor influencing human life, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of the aged. Different dimensions of social capital have varying mechanisms and effects on the quality of life of the aged. Therefore, this article reviews both cognitive and structural social capital, aiming to provide a basis for improving the quality of life of the aged in China.

Elderly abuse is a serious social and public problem. This article summarizes the definition and classification of the elderly abuse and the correlation between abuse and the health status of the aged, to understand the concealment and complexity of elderly abuse, in order to provide a basis for improving the quality of life of the aged in China.

Elder financial exploitation is an important subtype of elder abuse, which has become a global social problem. Financial exploitation of the elderly will not only damage their physical and mental health, reduce the quality of life, but also bring huge financial losses to society. The research on the elder financial exploitation in foreign countries started earlier, while the research on the elder financial exploitation in China is still in its infancy. Therefore, this paper summarizes the concept, theoretical framework, current situation and countermeasures of elder financial exploitation, with a view to providing reference for the study of elder financial exploitation in China.

Objective:To explore the mediating effects of self-efficacy between leadership empowerment behavior and neglect of care among senior care workers.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, from July to September 2020, totally 423 senior care workers from 50 nursing institutions for the aged in Jining, Jiaozuo, and Shijiazhuang were selected by convenient sampling and investigated with the General Information Questionnaire, Leadership Empowerment Behavior Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Nursing Caregiver Negligence Assessment Scale. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of each variable, and bootstrapping was employed to test the mediating effect.Results:In this study, 423 questionnaires were distributed and 386 valid questionnaires were recovered. The total score of leadership empowerment behavior of 386 care workers was (47.93±7.51) ; the total score of self-efficacy was (28.65±5.92) ; the total score of neglecting care was (73.04±8.80) . The leadership empowerment behavior, self-efficacy, and neglect of care in the senior care workers were positively correlated ( P<0.01) . Self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between leadership empowerment and neglect of care, and the mediating effect accounted for 19.73%. Conclusions:The neglect of care in the senior care workers is at a low level, and self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between leadership empowerment and neglect of care. Leaders of nursing institutions for the aged should improve their level of empowerment behaviors and strengthen the self-efficacy of senior care workers, so as to reduce the neglect of care among senior care workers.

With the accelerated aging of the global population, the problem of elder abuse has become increasingly prominent, among which mental abuse is the type with the highest incidence. Mental abuse seriously damages the mental health of the elderly, increases their risk of illness and suicide, and reduces the quality of life of the elderly. This article combs the relevant research on mental abuse of the elderly at home and abroad in detail, introduces the definition, assessment tools and the current situation of mental abuse, and summarizes the corresponding influencing factors from the three levels of the elderly, caregivers and society, and aims at providing a basis for further research on the intervention of mental abuse of the elderly and the prevention of the occurrence of mental abuse.

Objective To evaluate the association between the concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5)and asthma attack in children.Methods The computer and databases were used to search the key wordsAsthma andChild were searched by means of the subject headings ( Asthma andChild) and free words (Asthma * , Child *andPediatric * etc.),moreover PM2.5 was searched on the basis of free words such asPM2.5, Particulate Matter *which were linked withAND in PubMed and Medline database.Furthermore,the key words asthma AND (Child OR Pediatric OR Infant) AND (PM2.5 OR Particulate Matter OR Inhalable Particles) for keywords were searched in CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases.The literatures included those from the initial computer database up to those of December 2014 from computer database.Meanwhile manual research was added to screen literatures according to the standards of inclusion and exclusion.Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed to assess the quality of the included literatures including selection,comparability and outcomc.Data wcre synthesized and analyzed by Rcvman5.3 and Stata12.0 version for statistical analysis,heterogeneity test,sensitivity analysis,subgroup analysis,and so on.Results A total of 17 literatures involving 1326573 children were included.The findings from quality assessment involved 2 studies for 8 scores,2 for 7 scores,7 for 6 scores,5 for 5 scores,and 1 for 4 scores,respectively.The result of Meta-analysis showed that the combined the odds ratio (OR) of PM2.5 with childhood asthma attack was 1.06,and 95％ confidence interval(CI) was 1.03-1.08.Subgroup analysis showed that the OR on the asthma hospital visit equaled to 1.03 (95％ CI 1.01-1.06),and the OR on the asthma symptom equaled to 1.11 (95％ CI 1.06-1.16),moreover,subgroup analysis between developed and developing countries showed that the OR of the asthma on developing countries corresponded to 1.04 (95％ CI 1.02-1.06),and the OR of the asthma on developed countries corresponded to 1.06 (95％ CI 1.03-1.09).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between concentration of PM2.5 and asthma attack in children.

Objective To systematically analyze the current situation of case‐control studies published on Chinese nursing ac‐ademic journals and provide references for future researches .Methods All literatures related to case‐control studies published on Chinese nursing academic journals were retrieved from CNKI ,CBM ,Wangfang databases ,and VIP by computer .The literatures were analyzed by bibliometrics method .Results Totally 77 literatures published in 17 journals were retrieved .The number of liter‐atures revealed an increasing tendency .T he content of these literatures involved 11 nursing fields ,such as medicine nursing ,surgery nursing ,and fundamental nursing .29 .9% of studies were supported by research grants .On the other side ,authors were located in 18 provinces ,autonomous regions and municipalities .Meanwhile ,most of them were from developed regions and worked in medical institutions .Conclusion The method of case‐control studies have gradually gained recognition of Chinese nursing researchers . However ,the number of case‐control studies were still small .Nursing researchers should be encouraged to conduct case‐control studies actively and apply this kind of method in more extensive fields of nursing .

Objective To evaluate the reporting and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related traditional Chinese medical nursing which published in key Chinese journals.Methods Electronic databases were searched for collecting RCTs related traditional Chinese medical nursing which published in key Chinese journals.The impact factors of all these journals ranked the first three in the Chinese S & T journal citation reports,2013.The CONSORT statement and Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool were applied to evaluate the reporting and methodological quality respectively.Results A total of 135 articles were identified to meet the criteria.To the best of our knowledge,however,none of these articles have reported the 14 items in the CONSORT statement,either without the CONSORT flow diagram.According to the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool,17.0％(23/135) of these articles was confirmed to be high risk of bias,with the rest uncertain in the degree of bias.Conclusions The reporting and methodological quality of RCTs on traditional Chinese medical nursing were poor.It is urgent to improve the methodological and reporting quality of RCTs on traditional Chinese medical nursing researches.

Objective We tried to design a Instructor Rating Scale Identified by Nursing Students,and then evaluate its rehability and validity.Methods The original item pool was formulated by investigating 351 nursing students with convenience samphng method to develop a prehminary scale.Then it was used to investigate 273 nursing students to test its rehability and validity.Results The formal scale consisted of six dimensions,which contained 19 items.The cumative contribution rate of these dimensions was 62.30％.The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.54,test and re-test reliability was 0.48.Conclusions The Instructor Rating Scale Identified by Nursing Students can be applied to evaluate the instructors by nursing students.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate reporting quality of researches about interviews and focus groups in Chinese nursing field.Methods All nursing specialization journals in China mainland were searched from the inception till December 2013.The search was performed on four Chinese databases:China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Wanfang database and VIP database.The reporting quality was assessed according to COREQ standard.Results A total of 2 758 qualitative researches were identified,among which 789 articles accorded with the inclusion and exclusion criterion.These articles were published on 19 journals such as the Chinese Journal of Nursing and the Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing.Non of the articles accorded with the COREQ standard.The flaws of reporting quality were reflected in the inadequate description of personal characteristics,incomplete reporting of data collection and the deficiency of the coding tree.Conclusions From 2004 to 2013,qualitative literature in nursing field increased year-by-year.Till now,most of the qualitative studies on nursing showed flaw of different degrees,which need continuous improvement.