AIM: To analyze the influencing factors of capsular constriction syndrome(CCS)in cataract patients after phacoemulsification(Phaco)combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation.METHODS: Retrospective study. The data of 2 900 cataract patients(2 900 eyes)in our hospital's information system from January 2021 to January 2024 were collected. All patients were treated with Phaco combined with IOL implantation, and the incidence of CCS within 30 wk after surgery was recorded. Patients were categorized into CCS(116 cases, 116 eyes)and N-CCS group(2 784 cases, 2 784 eyes)based on the occurrence of CCS. The basic data of the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors of CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation in cataract patients were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.RESULTS: Among 2 900 patients(2 900 eyes)included, 116 cataract patients(116 eyes)developed CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation, with an incidence rate of 4.00%. The single factor and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that the complicated diabetes, high myopia, complicated glaucoma, and axial length(AL)>30 mm were the risk factors for the occurrence of CCS after Phaco IOL implantation in cataract patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Attention should be paid to cataract patients with diabetes, high myopia, glaucoma and AL>30 mm, which will increase the risk of CCS within 30 wk after Phaco combined with IOL implantation in cataract patients.

Allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT) is to identify the patient's allergen, give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract, and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached, so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen, which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have made great progress in the clinical practice and research field of AIT. This article reviewed the relevant progress of the mechanism, efficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Objective:To study the current status of longitudinal extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in extremely preterm infants (EPIs) and to develop a prediction model based on clinical data from multiple NICUs.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, EPIs admitted to 32 NICUs in North China were retrospectively studied. Their general conditions, nutritional support, complications during hospitalization and weight changes were reviewed. Weight loss between birth and discharge > 1SD was defined as longitudinal EUGR. The EPIs were assigned into longitudinal EUGR group and non-EUGR group and their nutritional support and weight changes were compared. The EPIs were randomly assigned into the training dataset and the validation dataset with a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the training dataset to select the independent predictive factors. The best-fitting Nomogram model predicting longitudinal EUGR was established based on Akaike Information Criterion. The model was evaluated for discrimination efficacy, calibration and clinical decision curve analysis.Results:A total of 436 EPIs were included in this study, with a mean gestational age of (26.9±0.9) weeks and a birth weight of (989±171) g. The incidence of longitudinal EUGR was 82.3%(359/436). Seven variables (birth weight Z-score, weight loss, weight growth velocity, the proportion of breast milk ≥75% within 3 d before discharge, invasive mechanical ventilation ≥7 d, maternal antenatal corticosteroids use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) were selected to establish the prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training dataset and the validation dataset were 0.870 (95% CI 0.820-0.920) and 0.879 (95% CI 0.815-0.942), suggesting good discrimination efficacy. The calibration curve indicated a good fit of the model ( P>0.05). The decision curve analysis showed positive net benefits at all thresholds. Conclusions:Currently, EPIs have a high incidence of longitudinal EUGR. The prediction model is helpful for early identification and intervention for EPIs with higher risks of longitudinal EUGR. It is necessary to expand the sample size and conduct prospective studies to optimize and validate the prediction model in the future.

Background Job burnout has become an important factor affecting the mental and physical health and work efficiency of college counselors, and indirectly affects the quality and development of talent cultivation for college students. Objective To explore the relationship between job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors, and to test the mediating role of job crafting between job stress and job burnout, in order to take targeted measures to alleviate job stress and job burnout of college counselors, reduce associated health risks, and improve the effectiveness of higher education. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 400 counselors from social network communication groups by convenience sampling. The Counselor Work Stress Scale, Job Crafting Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey were used. Harman's single-factor method was used to evaluate common method bias in the survey data. One-way ANOVA was applied to test the difference in job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors by demographic characteristics, and chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in reporting job burnout. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between selected variables. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship of job stress, job crafting, and job burnout among college counselors, and Bootstrap analysis was used to test if there was a mediating effect of job crafting on the relationship between job stress and job burnout. Results Of the 390 questionnaires recovered, there were 338 valid questionnaires (86.67%). Among the included subjects, the mean scores of job stress, job crafting, and job burnout were (2.70±0.62), (3.77±0.62), and (2.09±1.09), respectively. The positive rate of job burnout was 76.9% (260/338), with a positive rate of 72.8% in exhaustion dimension and 59.8% in cynicism dimension. There were significant differences in job crafting scores among the college counselors by different genders and professional titles (P<0.05). Female counselors had significantly higher job burnout scores and positive rates than male counselors (P<0.05). The partial correlation analysis showed that job stress, work load, school evaluation and expectation, and interpersonal relationship were positively correlated with job burnout (r=0.562, 0.442, 0.473, and 0.455, respectively, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with job crafting (r=−0.271, −0.169, −0.246, and −0.247, respectively, P<0.01); job crafting, cognitive crafting, relationship crafting, and task crafting were negatively correlated with job burnout (r=−0.447, −0.452, −0.366, and −0.340, respectively, P<0.01). The modified structural equation modeling indicated that job stress negatively affected job crafting (b=−0.348, P<0.001) and positively affected job burnout (b=0.454, P<0.001); job crafting negatively affected job burnout (b=−0.459, P<0.001), and played a partial mediating role in the relationship between job stress and job burnout, and the effect value was 0.160 (95%CI: 0.102, 0.230) that accounted for 26.10% of the total effect. Conclusion Job burnout among the college counselors is prominent. Job crafting presents an inhibitory effect on job burnout. Job stress indirectly affects the occurrence of job burnout by inhibiting the generation of job crafting.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.

Allergen specific immunotherapy(AIT)is to identify the patient's allergen,give the patient repeated exposure to the allergen extract,and gradually increase the concentration and dose until the target maintenance dose is reached,so that the patient can develop tolerance to the allergen,which is the only treatment that can regulate the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and change its natural course.In recent years,domestic and for-eign scholars have made great progress in the clini-cal practice and research field of AIT.This article re-viewed the relevant progress of the mechanism,ef-ficacy and drug administration of AIT.