ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of serum perfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） exposure and potential influencing factors among community residents in Songjiang District， Shanghai. MethodsIn August 2021， residents who underwent routine health checkups in a community in Songjiang District， Shanghai were recruited as study subjects. The inclusion criteria were adult residents who had lived in the area for more than 3 years， had no occupational exposure history， no underlying diseases， were not pregnant， and were able to complete the questionnaire independently and sign the informed consent form. A questionnaire survey was conducted and venous blood samples were collected. The concentrations of 15 PFASs in serum were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）. Ordered multi-class logistic regression， interquartile range （IQR）， and odds ratio （OR） were used to explore the influencing factors and risk magnitude of serum PFASs concentrations. ResultsOf the 15 PFASs， 14 were detected， and the detection rates of 7 PFASs were higher than 50%. The highest detected concentrations among the PFASs were PFOS （perfluorooctane sulfonate）， PFOA （perfluorooctanoic acid）， and PFHxS （perfluorohexane sulfonate）， with median concentrations of 48.61 μg∙L^-1， 37.29 μg∙L^-1， and 36.51 μg∙L^-1， respectively. The strongest correlation was between PFDA and PFUnDA （r=0.93， P<0.05）， followed by PFOS and PFDA （r=0.86， P<0.05）. Age， frequency of plastic product use， time spent indoors per day， personal annual income， tea consumption， and daily water intake were potential factors for exposure to PFASs. Among them， age was positively correlated with PFASs； tea consumption was positively correlated with PFNA and PFOA； PFHpA was negatively correlated with the frequency of plastic product use and personal annual income； and PFOS was negatively correlated with the time spent indoors per day. ConclusionThe exposure to serum PFASs among community residents in Songjiang District was relatively serious， and the main components were traditional PFOA， PFOS， and PFHx. Different sociodemographic characteristics had varying degrees of influence on the concentrations of PFASs in serum. The impact of PFASs exposure on the health of community residents deserves further investigation.

Objective:To evaluate the role of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in hypoxic postconditioning (HPC)-induced reduction of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury in myocardial cells of rats and the relationship with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mito-K ATP). Methods:Myocardial cells isolated from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured for 48 h and then divided into 7 groups ( n=24 each) using a random number table method: blank control group (Nor group), H/R group, SDHA-siRNA adenovirus+ H/R group (siRNA+ H/R group), HPC group, SDHA-siRNA adenovirus+ HPC group (siRNA+ HPC group), 5-HD+ HPC group, and SDHA-siRNA adenovirus+ 5-HD+ HPC group (siRNA+ 5-HD+ HPC group). Nor group was continuously cultured for 195 min under normoxic conditions. The H/R injury model was prepared by exposing the cells to hypoxia for 45 min in 5% CO 2 + 1% O 2 + 94% N 2, followed by reoxygenation for 150 min. The HPC method involved three cycles of 5 min reoxygenation/5 min hypoxia at the end of 45 min ischemia before 120 min reoxygenation. The mito-K ATP blocker 5-HD administration method involved adding 5-HD at a final concentration of 100 μmol/L at 30 min of hypoxia. The myocardial cells in each siRNA group were successfully transfected with SDHA-siRNA adenovirus to silence SDHA expression. The cell viability, calcium ion level, SDH activity, ATP content, degree of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured at the end of reoxygenation. Results:Compared with Nor group, the cell viability, ATP content and MMP were significantly decreased, and the degree of mPTP opening, level of calcium ion and activity of SDH were increased in H/R group ( P<0.05). Compared with H/R group, the cell viability, ATP content and MMP were significantly increased, and the degree of mPTP opening, calcium ion level and SDH activity were decreased in siRNA+ H/R group and HPC group ( P<0.05). Compared with HPC group, the cell viability, ATP content and MMP were significantly decreased, and the degree of mPTP opening, calcium ion level and SDH activity were increased in 5-HD+ HPC group ( P<0.05), and the cell viability, ATP content and MMP were significantly increased, and the degree of mPTP opening, calcium ion level and SDH activity were decreased in siRNA+ HPC group ( P<0.05). Compared with siRNA+ HPC group, the cell viability, ATP content and MMP were significantly decreased, the opening degree of mPTP and calcium ion level were increased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the SDH activity in siRNA+ 5-HD+ HPC group ( P>0.05). Compared with 5-HD+ HPC group, the SDH activity was significantly decreased, and no significant change was found in the other parameters in siRNA+ 5-HD+ HPC group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:HPC alleviates H/R injury probably by reducing SDH activity and opening mito-K ATP in myocardial cells of rats.

Objective:To investigate the normal reference values of spinal bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of in Chinese adult males.Methods:Men who underwent low-dose CT lung scan for cancer screening in regions of Northeast, North, East, South, Central and Southwest of China from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. And the lumbar vertebrae BMD values in the male subjects were measured by the QCT system (Mindways Software, Inc.). The mean BMD values and their decline rates were calculated at an age interval of 10 years, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to the American College of Radiology spine QCT osteoporosis diagnostic criteria.Results:A total of 50 682 males with a mean age of (50.22±12.79) years (ranged 20 to 98 years) were included in this study. The peak BMD of (173.11±28.56) mg/cm 3 in the healthy Chinese adult male population appeared in the age group of 20 to 29 years and then declined with age. Before the age of 70 years, the BMD was relatively higher in males in South China, and it was lower in Central China and Southwest China, and it was intermediate in Northeast, North and East of China, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant differences in BMD in the males in the two age groups of 70 to 79 years and 80 and older among the regions in China. The overall decline rate of spinal BMD in Chinese males under QCT was about 46.92% over the lifetime, and it declined obviouslyin the 40-49 age group. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese male population aged 50 years and above was approximately 11.42%, with the highest prevalence in Southwest China and Central China (14.72% and 13.87%, respectively) and the lowest in North China and South China (8.53% and 7.71%, respectively). Conclusions:A reference of lumbar spine BMD values for healthy males in China based on QCT is established. BMD values were highest in South China and Lowest in Central China.

Objective:To study peripheral nerve morphology in patients with transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) using high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS), and to evaluate the value of HFUS in diagnosis of TTR-FAP.Methods:Thirty-eight patients with TTR-FAP diagnosed by gene detection and 23 normal controls from June 2015 to June 2021 in Peking University First Hospital were enrolled in this study. Consecutive ultrasonography scanning was performed in 6 pairs of nerves of bilateral limbs with 30 sites. The cross sectional area (CSA), CSA variability and inter-nerve CSA variability data of the two groups were retrospectively calculated and compared.Results:Compared with the normal controls, TTR-FAP patients showed larger CSA values at most nerve sites of both upper and lower limbs, and there were statistically significant differences at M1(median nerve) [8.55 (6.90, 9.40) mm 2vs 10.05 (9.10, 14.10) mm 2, Z=5.58, P<0.001], M3 (median nerve) [(6.98±1.66) mm 2vs (9.29±2.30) mm 2, t=6.28, P<0.001], M5 (median nerve) [(8.91±1.81) mm 2vs (14.33±4.20) mm 2, t=9.84, P<0.001], U5 (ulnar nerve) [(6.20±1.93) mm 2vs (9.34±2.85) mm 2, t=7.31, P<0.001], Sci1 (sciatic nerve) [(53.50±17.24) mm 2vs (79.74±20.75) mm 2, t=7.57, P<0.001], Sci2 (sciatic nerve) [(53.66±14.21) mm 2vs (73.98±19.21) mm 2, t=6.82, P<0.001] and Tib (tibial nerve) [(31.05±8.43) mm 2vs (46.29±13.14) mm 2, t=7.84, P<0.001] sites. There was no statistically significant difference in CSA at each site among the different subtypes and disease severity of TTR-FAP patients ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in CSA-variability of the median and ulnar nerves between the patients with TTR-FAP and the normal controls ( P>0.05). The side-to-side difference ratio of intra-nerve CSA variability of the ulnar nerve in the patients with TTR-FAP was smaller than that of the normal controls (1.15±0.10 vs 1.46±0.43, t=3.43, P=0.002), whereas no statistically significant difference of that in the median nerve was found between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The most pronounced peripheral nerve thickening in the proximal limb segments with no signs of asymmetric distribution or lateralization is confirmed by HFUS in TTR-FAP patients and should be regarded as a marker of TTR-FAP. HFUS has clinical value in diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in TTR-FAP patients.

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the safety of intravitreal injection of recombinant human endostatin (rh-endostatin) with different concentrations in rabbit eyes.Methods:Thirty healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled with the right eyes selected as experimental eyes, and were randomly divided into five groups by random distribution of computer numbers, with 6 eyes in each group.The rabbits in the normal control group were given no treatment, and the rabbits in the normal saline group, 0.125 mg rh-endostatin group, 0.250 mg rh-endostatin group and 0.500 mg rh-endostatin group were treated with 100 μl of normal saline, 0.125 mg/100 μl, 0.250 mg/100 μl and 0.500 mg/100 μl rh-endostatin according to grouping, respectively.The anterior segment and fundus of the experimental eyes were examined using slit lamp biomicroscope and indirect ophthalmoscope, and the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the experimental eyes were measured with iCARE handheld tonometer before injection and 1 day, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after injection.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination was performed before the intravitreal injection and 7, 30, and 60 days after injection, respectively.Flash electroretinogram was performed before intravitreal injection and 14 days and 60 days after injection.The rabbits were sacrificed by euthanasia at 60th day after injection.Three experimental eyes of each group were dissected and made into paraffin section, and histopathological staining was used to detect the retinal structural changes.The retinal tissue was separated from the other three study eyes in each group, and the transmission electron microscope was employed to observe the ultrastructural changes of the retina.All animal experiments were performed in adherence to the Regulations of the State and the Animal Center of Yangzhou University Medical College for the Use of Animals in Research.Results:After intravitreal injection, no obvious anterior or posterior chamber change was observed by slit lamp microscopy in all groups at any time point.Flocculent seepage was observed in one eye of the 0.125 mg and 0.500 mg rh-endostatin group, respectively, which was then absorbed completely on the 7th and 14th day.OCT examination showed no abnormal light reflection or morphological changes in fundus of day after injection in all the groups.There was no significant difference in IOP, a-wave and b-wave amplitude among all the groups at different time points ( Fgroup=0.134, 0.101, 0.476; Ftime=1.709, 2.479, 1.706; all at P>0.05). Neither light nor electron microscopy showed any retinal damage in any group. Conclusions:Intravitreal injection of rh-endostatin is safe at the dosage of 0.125-0.500 mg in rabbits.

Objective: To explore the effect of miR-141-3p on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells via targeting PTEN and regulating PI3K/Akt pathway. Methods: Collecting twenty-eight cases pairs of ovarian cancerovarian cancer patients with tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from patients, who from April 2014 to October 2017 were treated in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. qPCR was applied to detect the expression of miR-141-3p in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. The relationship between miR-141-3p and PTEN was verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. After over-expression or knockdown of miR-141 and PTEN genes, the cell viability, invasion and apoptosis of ovarian cancer A2780 cells were examined by CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry assay, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of miR-1413p on PTEN-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was measured by WB. Results: miR-141-3p is was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-141-3p targets PTEN was a target of miR-141-3p and downregulates its expression level was down-regulated (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, after knockdown of miR-141-3p, the proliferation ofA2780 cells was significantly inhibited after knockdown of miR-141-3p (at 48 h, 0.36±0.04 vs 0.82± 0.06, P<0.05), and the invasive ability of A2780 cells was significantly reduced (number of transmembrane cells: 215.32±16.04 vs 45.14±7.88, P<0.01), while the apoptotic rate was significantly increased ([1.85±0.26]% vs [9.29±0.65]%, P<0.01). Over-expression of PTEN significantly inhibited the expression of p-Akt and cell proliferation and invasion in A2780 cells (all P<0.01), inhibited cell proliferation and invasion (all P<0.01) and significantly promoted apoptosis (all P<0.01). However, simultaneous over-expression of miR141-3p or addition of IGF-1 wile over-expressing PTEN can offset the above effects. Conclusion: miR-141-3p facilitates the proliferation, invasion and decreases apoptosis of A2780 cells. The mechanism may be related to targeted regulation of PTEN and activation of PI3K/Akt pathway.

Objective To prepare the sunscreen lipstick in order to prevent UVA and UVB.Methods The ratio of bees-wax,castor oil and liquid paraffin were optimized with the orthogonal test based on viscosity and heat resistance.The spread-able ability,stability and the anti-ultraviolet effect of the optimized lipstick were investigated.Results The best ratio of bees-wax,castor oil and liquid paraffin was 8:5:4(w/w/w).The viscosity of the sunscreen lipstick was appropriate,easy to spread and stable,which was demonstrated the good prevention effect from UVA and UVB.Conclusion The advantages of the prepared sunscreen lipstick included simple preparation,low cost and stable quality.It could be a new type of sunscreen lipstick protecting from UVA and UVB.

Objective To study the biomechanical influence of posterior laminectomy with varying extent on adjacent segment after lumbar interbody fusion. Methods Three finite element models of lumbar posterior fusion were developed based on the validated intact lumbar model. These models were: posterior fusion with bi-lateral incision of facet joint (Bi-TLIF），inferior partly incision of laminar (PLIF)，total laminectomy (LAM-PLIF). The range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure (IDP), facet joint contact force (FJF) of adjacent segment of fusion models under various loading were compared with the intact model. The follower load of 400 N under 7.5 N·m torque was exerted on superior endplate of L1 segment. The 6-DOF (degree of freedom) of sacroiliac joint surface was constrained during loading. ResultsDuring flexion, obvious biomechanical changes of superior adjacent segment (L3-4) were found in Bi-TLIF, PLIF, LAM-PLIF surgery groups. Compared with the intact model, the ROM in Bi-TLIF, PLIF, LAM-PLIF group increased by 1.0%, 9.3%, 24.5%, respectively, while IDP in the above fusion groups increased by 1.4%, 4.3%, 10.0%，respectively. These changes were not obvious in other postures. For FJF, the Bi-TLIF and PLIF group showed obvious increasing effect on L3-4 segment, while almost had no effect on L5-S1 segment. Conclusions Laminectomy increased ROM, IDP and FJF of adjacent segment (especially superior adjacent segment) after posterior lumbar fusion, which might increase the risk of adjacent segment degeneration. This biomechanical effect was more obvious with the increase in incision range of laminar. Therefore, preserving more posterior complex during decompression has a positive effect on preventing adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) following lumbar fusion surgeries.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Bushen-Tongluo granules.Methods Drynariae rhizoma, Paeoniae radix alba, Cyathulae radix, Chuanxiongin rhizome were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC), and the content of naringin and paeoniflorin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with chromatographic column Agilent C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), as the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid and the scan wave length were 230 and 283 nm. The column temperature was 30 . The flow rate ℃ was 1.0 ml/min. Results TLC could identify Drynariae rhizoma , Paeoniae radix alba, Cyathulae radix, Chuanxiongin rhizome effectively. Under the condition, there was a good linear relationship when the content of naringin was in 6.337 0-50.695 7 μg. There is also a good linear relationship when the content of paeoniflorin was in 26.065 8-130.328 8 μg. The average recovery rate of naringin was 97.13% and RSD was 1.19%.The average recovery rate of paeoniflorin was 96.61% and RSD was 1.51%. Conclusions The established methods are simple, specific, reproducible, and sensitive, and they can be used for the quality control of Bushen-Tongluo granules.

Objective To discuss the application effect of risk management in the improvement of self-efficacy level of elderly stroke patients.Methods A total of 186 stroke patients in our hospital were divided into control group (93 cases) and observation group (93 cases),the patients in control group were given routine nursing care,while the patients in observation group were given risk management based on routine nursing.The fall prevention awareness rate,fall status and satisfaction of the patients in two groups were compared.Results Prevention awareness knowledge and self-efficacy level of the patients in the observation group were higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05);Fall rate in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05);And the satisfaction of patients' family in observation group was higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Risk management can effectively improve awareness rate of fall knowledge and the level of self-efficacy,reduce the incidence of falls in hospital,and improve nursing satisfaction of patients and their families,so it is worthy of promotion in clinical application.