Objective:To explore the application effects of mind mapping combined with scenario simulation training on the ability training of junior nurses in hospital transfer of patients with critical burns and trauma.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. From December 2019 to December 2020, 55 female junior nurses from the Institute of Burn Research of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University) who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study and divided into routine group (27 nurses, aged (24.0±0.9) years) and combined group (28 nurses, aged (24.2±0.8) years), according to the random number table. The nurses in routine group were trained with hospital transfer of patients with critical burns and trauma by theory combined with operational skill, and the nurses in combined group were trained with hospital transfer of patients with critical burns and trauma by mind mapping combined with scenario simulation training. Before and after the training, the self-made theoretical examination papers and skill assessment items were used for the examination and assessment to nurses, and their scores were calculated and compared. The self-made emergency ability scoring system was used to evaluate the emergency disposal ability of nurses from five dimensions, including team cooperation ability, emergency response ability, operative technique ability, specialized business ability, and nurse-patient communication ability, and their scores were calculated and compared. The non-standard implementation rates of transfer nursing measures, such as incomplete preparation of goods, poor communication effect of patients, inadequate pipeline nursing, unclear handover, and inadequate final treatment, were calculated and compared in the process of transporting highly simulated human (hereinafter referred to as simulated human) by nurses before and after training; and the rate of disease change and successful rate of transport of simulated human were calculated and compared after training. After assessment, self-made satisfaction questionnaire was used to compare nurses' satisfaction with the training mode, content, and effects. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, Pearson chi-square test, or Yates corrected chi-square test. Results:Fifty-five enrolled nurses were fully involved in the training, examination, assessment, and questionnaire filling. Before training, there were no statistically significant differences in theoretical examination and skill assessment scores between the 2 groups ( P>0.05); After training, the theoretical examination and skill assessment scores of nurses in combined group were significantly higher than those in routine group (with t values of -3.89 and -4.24, respectively, P<0.05). Before training, there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of each item of emergency disposal ability between the 2 groups ( P>0.05); after training, the scores in terms of team cooperation ability, emergency response ability, operative technique ability, specialized business ability, and nurse-patient communication ability of nurses in combined group were significantly higher than those in routine group (with t values of -6.49, -6.44, -2.21, -2.85, and -2.34, respectively, P<0.05). Before training, there were no statistically significant differences in the non-standard implementation rates of transfer nursing measures of nurses between the 2 groups ( P>0.05); after training, the non-standard rates of incomplete preparation of goods, unclear handover, and inadequate final treatment of nurses in combined group were significantly lower than those in routine group (with t values of 3.87, 5.89, and 5.28, respectively, P<0.05). After training, the rate of disease change of simulated human of nurses in combined group was 7.14% (2/28), which was significantly lower than 33.33% (9/27) in routine group ( χ2=5.89, P<0.05); the successful rate of transport was 96.43% (27/28), which was significantly higher than 74.07% (20/27) in routine group ( χ2=3.87, P<0.05). After assessment, the total score of training satisfaction and scores of satisfaction with training mode and training effect of nurses in combined group were significantly higher than those in routine group (with t values of 5.22, 4.67, and 10.71, respectively, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the satisfaction score on training content between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Evidence-based mind mapping combined with scenario simulation training significantly improves the nursing skills and emergency handling capabilities of junior nurses in transferring patients with critical burns and trauma.

We conducted a randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled, multicenter trial on the use of Shuanghuanglian (SHL), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, in treating cases of COVID-19. A total of 176 patients received SHL by three doses (56 in low dose, 61 in middle dose, and 59 in high dose) in addition to standard care. The control group was composed of 59 patients who received standard therapy alone. Treatment with SHL was not associated with a difference from standard care in the time to disease recovery. Patients with 14-day SHL treatment had significantly higher rate in negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 in nucleic acid swab tests than the patients from the control group (93.4% vs. 73.9%, P = 0.006). Analysis of chest computed tomography images showed that treatment with high-dose SHL significantly promoted absorption of inflammatory focus of pneumonia, which was evaluated by density reduction of inflammatory focus from baseline, at day 7 (mean difference (95% CI), -46.39 (-86.83 to -5.94) HU; P = 0.025) and day 14 (mean difference (95% CI), -74.21 (-133.35 to -15.08) HU; P = 0.014). No serious adverse events occurred in the SHL groups. This study illustrated that SHL in combination with standard care was safe and partially effective for the treatment of COVID-19.
COVID-19 ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Research ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To investigate the common allergens in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong and provide the basis for preventing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.Methods:A total of 254 serum samples were collected retrospectively from children with allergic rhinitis and (or) asthma in the pediatric clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University or Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City from August 2019 to August 2020 and tested positive for at least one allergens by ImmunoCAP 1000 or skin prick test. There were 173 males and 81 females, with a median age (interquartile interval) of 7 (4.00, 9.75) years. Specific IgE against eighteen common allergen were tested by magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis using χ 2 test. Results:The positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (85.0%, 215/254) was the highest, followed by D. farinae (83.5%, 212/254), egg white (19.3%, 49/254), milk (14.6%, 37/254), German cockroach (14.2%, 36/254) and ox-eye daisy (12.6%, 32/254). Dust mites were the most common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis / allergic asthma / allergic rhinitis and asthma. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (95.4% vs. 91.7% vs. 71.0%, χ 2=23.257, P<0.001), D. farinae (95.4% vs. 90.6% vs. 67.7%, χ 2=26.916, P<0.001), mugwort (10.8% vs. 9.4% vs. 1.1%, χ 2=7.535, P=0.023), and ox-eye daisy (21.5% vs. 14.6% vs. 4.3%, χ 2=10.876, P=0.004) in allergic rhinitis combined with asthma group and allergic rhinitis group were significantly higher than those in allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (96.2% vs. 84.0% vs. 53.5%, χ 2=46.343, P<0.001), D. farinae (96.2% vs. 81.5% vs. 48.8%, χ 2=52.756, P<0.001) and German cockroach (17.7% vs. 14.8% vs. 2.3%, χ 2=6.313, P=0.043) in > 6 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3 years old group and > 3-6 years old group, while the sIgE positive rates of egg white (41.9% vs. 21.0% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=20.281, P<0.001) and milk (41.9% vs. 16.0% vs. 4.6%, χ 2=36.227, P<0.001) in ≤3 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3-6 years old group and > 6 years old group. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, mugwort and ox-eye daisy, cat dander and horse dander, ox-eye daisy and dandelion, egg white and milk, timothy grass and sesame ( r s≥0.511, P < 0.01). With the increase of the class of house dust mite allergen, the sIgE positive rates of mugwort (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=9.714, P=0.008), ox-eye daisy (0.0% vs. 4.4% vs. 19.6%, χ 2=16.195, P<0.001), cat dander (0.0% vs. 7.4% vs. 18.2%, χ 2=11.459, P=0.003) and horse dander (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 15.5%, χ 2=15.443, P < 0.001) increased significantly, while the sIgE positive rate of milk (29.0% vs. 16.2% vs. 10.1%, χ 2=8.792, P=0.012) decreased significantly. Conclusions:Dust mite is the main allergen in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong, and ox-eye daisy is the main pollen allergen. The sensitization patterns of allergens varied in different ages and diseases, and children with respiratory allergic diseases should regularly detect allergens and pay attention to avoid them.

In China, the prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing, but allergy research and allergy diagnosis technologies are still in their infancy, posing certain hurdles to clinical diagnosis and treatment. The detection of allergen is essential for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Clarifying the aetiology and risk factors of allergic diseases is critical in order to provide targeted environmental control and therapy for allergic diseases, as well as reduce patient pain and financial burden. In this study, allergen detection technologies and diagnosis strategies are described in order to provide direction for clinicians and laboratory technicians, improve allergic diseases diagnosis, and guide allergic disease therapy.

Objective:To investigate the common allergens in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong and provide the basis for preventing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.Methods:A total of 254 serum samples were collected retrospectively from children with allergic rhinitis and (or) asthma in the pediatric clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University or Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City from August 2019 to August 2020 and tested positive for at least one allergens by ImmunoCAP 1000 or skin prick test. There were 173 males and 81 females, with a median age (interquartile interval) of 7 (4.00, 9.75) years. Specific IgE against eighteen common allergen were tested by magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis using χ 2 test. Results:The positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (85.0%, 215/254) was the highest, followed by D. farinae (83.5%, 212/254), egg white (19.3%, 49/254), milk (14.6%, 37/254), German cockroach (14.2%, 36/254) and ox-eye daisy (12.6%, 32/254). Dust mites were the most common allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis / allergic asthma / allergic rhinitis and asthma. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (95.4% vs. 91.7% vs. 71.0%, χ 2=23.257, P<0.001), D. farinae (95.4% vs. 90.6% vs. 67.7%, χ 2=26.916, P<0.001), mugwort (10.8% vs. 9.4% vs. 1.1%, χ 2=7.535, P=0.023), and ox-eye daisy (21.5% vs. 14.6% vs. 4.3%, χ 2=10.876, P=0.004) in allergic rhinitis combined with asthma group and allergic rhinitis group were significantly higher than those in allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of D. pteronyssinus (96.2% vs. 84.0% vs. 53.5%, χ 2=46.343, P<0.001), D. farinae (96.2% vs. 81.5% vs. 48.8%, χ 2=52.756, P<0.001) and German cockroach (17.7% vs. 14.8% vs. 2.3%, χ 2=6.313, P=0.043) in > 6 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3 years old group and > 3-6 years old group, while the sIgE positive rates of egg white (41.9% vs. 21.0% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=20.281, P<0.001) and milk (41.9% vs. 16.0% vs. 4.6%, χ 2=36.227, P<0.001) in ≤3 years old group were significantly higher than those in > 3-6 years old group and > 6 years old group. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, mugwort and ox-eye daisy, cat dander and horse dander, ox-eye daisy and dandelion, egg white and milk, timothy grass and sesame ( r s≥0.511, P < 0.01). With the increase of the class of house dust mite allergen, the sIgE positive rates of mugwort (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 10.8%, χ 2=9.714, P=0.008), ox-eye daisy (0.0% vs. 4.4% vs. 19.6%, χ 2=16.195, P<0.001), cat dander (0.0% vs. 7.4% vs. 18.2%, χ 2=11.459, P=0.003) and horse dander (0.0% vs. 1.5% vs. 15.5%, χ 2=15.443, P < 0.001) increased significantly, while the sIgE positive rate of milk (29.0% vs. 16.2% vs. 10.1%, χ 2=8.792, P=0.012) decreased significantly. Conclusions:Dust mite is the main allergen in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Guangdong, and ox-eye daisy is the main pollen allergen. The sensitization patterns of allergens varied in different ages and diseases, and children with respiratory allergic diseases should regularly detect allergens and pay attention to avoid them.

In China, the prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing, but allergy research and allergy diagnosis technologies are still in their infancy, posing certain hurdles to clinical diagnosis and treatment. The detection of allergen is essential for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Clarifying the aetiology and risk factors of allergic diseases is critical in order to provide targeted environmental control and therapy for allergic diseases, as well as reduce patient pain and financial burden. In this study, allergen detection technologies and diagnosis strategies are described in order to provide direction for clinicians and laboratory technicians, improve allergic diseases diagnosis, and guide allergic disease therapy.

Objective To investigate the expression of melanoma antigen- encoding gene (MAGE) A1 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and explore its correlation with the clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 197 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who accepted radical surgical treatment from January 2006 to December 2012. The expressions of MAGEA1 protein in these specimens of cancer tissue and cancer adjacent tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry with tissue microarray technology. Results MAGEA1 protein was expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus of tumor cells. The positive expression rate of MAGEA1 protein in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in cancer adjacent tissue: 73.6％ (145/197) vs. 5.6％ (11/197), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). The positive expression of MAGEA1 protein had no correlations with sex, age, history of smoking/drinking, family history of upper gastrointestinal cancer, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, location and TNM stage (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis result showed that the 5-year survival rate in patients with MAGEA1 protein positive expression was significantly lower than that in patients with MAGEA1 protein negative expression (37.2％ vs. 53.8％), and there was statistical difference (P=0.018). Multivariate analysis result showed that MAGEA1 protein positive expression was an independent predictor of prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients (HR=1.91, 95％CI 1.22 to 2.98, P = 0.004). Conclusions The expression of MAGEA1 protein is abundant in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and is related to worse clinical outcome. MAGEA1 protein could be a candidate target for tumor immunotherapy.

Objective: To study the hemodynamic changes of fetal umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) and its influence on fetal outcome using color Doppler ultrasound. Methods: Fifty pregnant women who underwent color Doppler ultrasound examination in Zhejiang Xin'an International Hospital from June to December 2018 with normal prenatal examination were selected as control group, and 80 pregnant women with oligohydramnios during the same period of pregnancy were selected as observation group. Color Doppler ultrasound examination was performed on both groups of pregnant women. The results of color Doppler ultrasound examination were compared between the two groups of pregnant women, and the fetal prognosis was followed up. Results: Compared with the control group, the peak systolic velocity/end diastolic velocity (S/D), resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) values of UA in the observation group were significantly increased, while the S/D, RI and PI values of MCA were significantly decreased, and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). In addition, UA of 34 cases (42.5%) in observation group had S/D ≥ 3, which was much higher than that of 8 cases (16.0%) in control group, and there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of fetal distress, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and Apgar < 4 points in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group [26.2%(21/80) vs. 12.0%(6/50), 15.0%(12/80) vs. 2.0%(1/50), 7.5% (6/80) vs. 0], and the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions Prenatal color Doppler ultrasound can accurately detect the hemodynamic indexes of UA and MCA, predict the fetal intrauterine development, evaluate the fetal outcome, and provide scientific basis for clinical diagnosis.

This study aims to explore the diagnostic value of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and specific immunoglobulin G (sIgG) of Aspergillus fumigatus in the diagnosis of allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS). A total of 17 ABPA patients and 14 SAFS patients were enrolled. The levels of sIgG [2 294.00 (1 527.00, 14 170.00) U/ml vs. 972.60 (650.90, 1 792.00) U/ml] and sIgE [8.77 (1.64, 16.85) kU/L vs. 1.04 (0.70, 2.05) kU/L] in ABPA patients were significantly higher than those in SAFS patients (P<0.05). Aspergillus fumigatus sIgG was strongly correlated with Aspergillus fumigatus sIgE (r_s=0.797, P<0.001) in ABPA patients. When combined with Aspergillus fumigatus sIgG (>1 000.00 U/mL) and Aspergillus fumigatus sIgE (>1.00 kU/L), the sensitivity was 82.3% and specificity 78.6% for the differential diagnosis of ABPA and SAFS. It demonstrates the diagnostic value of Aspergillus fumigatus sIgG and sIgE.

Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of vitamin D combined with puerarin on liver fibrosis.Methods The rats were divided into normal control group (C),tetrachloromethone group (CCl4),vitamin D group (V),puerarin group(P) and vitamin D combined with puerarin group(V+P).After 8 weeks,the rats were sacrificed and blood and liver samples were collected.The level of blood hyaluronic acid(HA) was tested.The hydroxyproline(Hyp) level in the liver was measured.The liver paraffin sections were made and examined by the sirius red staining.The mRNA levels of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ in the liver tissue were detected by RT-PCR,and the levels of NF-κB and TNF-α in the liver were detected by Western blot.Results The CCl4 group appeared obvious liver fibrosis.The liver fibrosis degree was significantly improved in the group V,P and V+P,the blood HA level and liver Hyp level were reduced.The mRNA levels of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ as well as the protein levels of NF-κB and TNF-α in the liver were significantly decreased.Among them.The liver fibrosis improvement degree in the V+P group was most significant.Conclusion Vitamin D combined with puerarin can protect rat liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 and its mechanism may be related with reducing the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSC) and decreasing the collagenous fibers secretion.