Objective:To explore the role and the intervention effect of emodin in intestinal neuropathy in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) through the nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor protein 3/cysteine containing aspartic acid protease-1 (NLRP3/Caspase-1) pathway.Methods:Forty male healthy SD rats aged 6-8 weeks with a weight of approximately 200g were randomly divided into control group, SAP model group, emodin treatment (EMO) group, and NLRP3 knockdown group. SAP were induced by retrograde injection of sodium deoxycholate into the pancreatic duct of rats and serum amylase of which were detected. The effective NLRP3 knockdown sequence was screened for NLRP3 knockdown animal experiments. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, gasdermin-D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the small intestine of each group. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the small intestine of each group.Results:The amylase levels of the control group, SAP group, EMO group, and NLRP3 knockdown group were (277.73±24.92) U/L, (1018.57±282.89) U/L, (625.43±134.40) U/L, and (391.01±27.63) U/L, respectively. The SAP and EMO groups were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.001), while the EMO and NLRP3 knockdown groups were significantly lower than the SAP group (all P<0.001). Compared with control group, the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and GSDMD in SAP group were increased, with statistical significance (all P<0.001). Compared with SAP group, the NLRP3 knockdown group showed the expressionlevels of the above 6 genes were all decreased, and EMO group showed decreased gene expressing levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). The relative expression of GFAP in small intestine of control group, SAP group, EMO group and NLRP3 knockdown group were (1.00±0), (1.66±0.11), (1.13±0.02) and (1.13±0.02), respectively. Among them, the expression of GFAP in SAP group was increased compared with the control group; The expression of GFAP in EMO group and NLRP3 knockdown group was lower than that in model group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Emodin and knocking down NLRP3 can both promote the repair of SAP small intestine injury through the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, and thus play a protective role in the intestine.

Objective To investigate the key physical and chemical properties of nintedanib liposomes prepared by 4 different methods in order to screen out the best preparation method of nintedanib liposomes.Methods Firstly,nintedanib liposomes were prepared by thin film dispersion,reverse evaporation,ethanol injection and modified ethanol injection,respectively.The entrapment efficiency of nintedanib liposomes was then determined by dialysis and characterized for particle size,dispersibility,surface potential,and morphology.Their stability was evaluated after being placed at room temperature for 7 d.Results Circular nintedanib liposomes were respectively prepared by thin film dispersion,reverse evaporation,ethanol injection and modified ethanol injection,with a particle size of(285.1±12.3),(271.4±5.9),(226.3±14.8)and(197.2±11.2)nm,an encapsulation rate of(15.82±1.26)％,(16.71±1.35)％,(25.12±3.21)％and(32.5±3.61)％,respectively.The nintedanib liposomes prepared by modified ethanol injection had significantly smallest particle size and highest encapsulation efficiency than the liposomes by the other 3 methods(P＜0.05).In 7 d after being placed at room temperature,the particle sizes of the liposomes prepared by film dispersion and reverse evaporation were increased notably(P＜0.01),but no such change was observed in the liposomes prepared by ethanol injection and modified ethanol injection(P＞0.05).Conclusion Nintedanib liposomes prepared by modified ethanol injection have excellent key physical and chemical properties,and this method is an optical one for preparing nintedanib liposomes.

Humans ; Mass Vaccination ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use* ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Immunity, Herd ; Vaccination

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is an important functional protein derived from enteric glial cells. It plays an important role in the enteric nervous system, such as nutritional neurons, promoting synaptic remodeling and anti-inflammation. The role of GDNF in the progression of gastrointestinal diseases has received more attention gradually. This article reviewed GDNF and its ligands, related signaling pathway, correlation with intestinal homeostasis and clinical application.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cardiovascular system. The family of NOX includes seven isoforms, and expressed in different cardiovascular cell types and cell compartments, modulating multiple functions, such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, and inflammatory responses. The NOX-derived ROS are involved in many processes associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetic vascular disease, ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction, and so on.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension ; NADPH Oxidases ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species

The advent of catheter ablation technology has changed the treatment strategy for atrial fibrillation, and the efficacy of catheter ablation is accurate with small surgical trauma. Catheter ablation treatment of atrial fibrillation is significantly better than pharmacologic therapy of anti-arrhythmia and rate control. However, the clinic data of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation show that the recurrence rate is high. The risk factors for recurrence after catheter ablation include age, sex, body mass index, related primary disease, left atrial volume, pulmonary vein volume, gene, atrial fibrillation types, surgery and so on. Regulation of the above factors is crucial in improving the clinical efficacy and prognosis of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Pulmonary Veins ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the distributions of posterior ramus of spinal nerve (PRSN) and locations of acupoint in low back through anatomical observation.

METHODSThe regional anatomy was performed at five corpses to observe the distribution of erector spinae muscle and PRSN in areas ofpoints and back-points in low back.

RESULTSThe T, L, L, Land LPRSN distributed on both sides of the spine; the medial branches of PRSN travelled between spinalis thoracis muscle and longissimus thoracis muscle, while the lateral branches of PRSN travelled between longissimus thoracis muscle and iliocostalis lumborum muscle.

CONCLUSIONS points and back-points in low back are closely associated with PRSN, particularly T, L, L, Land L.

Objective To examine the distribution characteristics the medial branch of the posterior branch of the spinal nerves around the lumbar facet joints, so as to explore the localization and targeting of the medial branch of the posterior branch in neurectomy.MethodsFive corpses were dissected, and the anatomical relationships between the medial branches of the posterior branch of the spinal nerves and the facet joints were examined.Measured the distances from the lateral port of the bone fiber tube,the articular process of the facet joint and the superior articular process to the spinous processes.Results The medial branch of the posterior branch of the spinal nerve was close to the root of the articular process and the transverse process,which was not easy to be explored and dissected.Meanwhile, it was easily traced after the medial branch of the posterior branch of the spinal nerve ran through the fibrous tube.Conclusion It may improve the safety and effective when the techniques of medial branch block is performed after the medial branch ran through the fibrous tube.

Objective To compare the clinical therapeutic effect of LigaSure vessel sealing system ,ultrasonic scalpel and mo‐nopolar high frequency electrocautery in open thyroid operation .Methods 293 cases of thyroid operation sequentially admitted in our hospital and in accordance with the inclusion criteria were collected and divided into three groups by the method of random dig ‐its table .There were 98 cases in the LigaSure vessel sealing system group (L‐Sure group) ,100 cases in the ultrasonic scalpel (US group) and 95 cases in the monopolar high frequency electrocautery (M‐E group) .The intraoperative and postoperative conditions were compared among 3 groups .Results The operation time ,intraoperative amount of bleeding and postoperative drainage in the L‐S group and the US group were significantly less than those in the M‐E group (P<0 .05) ,moreover the patient′s pain and the hos‐pitalization stay were reduced and the postoperative recovery was promoted (P<0 .05);but the differences between the L‐S group and the US group had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The LigaSure vessel sealing system and ultrasonic scalpel can shorten the operation time ,reduce the amount of bleeding and postoperative drainage ,relieve pain and reduce the hospitalization duration .