Objective:To investigate the application of diagnostic criteria for common occupational radiation-induced diseases to radiation workers, in order to provide a basis for the revision, publicity and standardization of the standards.Methods:Radiation workers were selected from 1 city, 7 provinces and 1 corporation by using cluster random sampling method from January 2021 to May 2021. Awareness of the criteria and the effects of ionizing radiation, and the suggestions for diagnostic works were investigated and analyzed.Results:A total of 2 839 radiation workers were investigated. There were differences in the awareness of different diagnostic criteria, the inclusions in complex diagnostic criteria, the materials required for applying for diagnosis, and the ways of knowing the diagnostic criteria( χ2=416.06, 2 924.14, 83.45, 895.67, 815.94, P<0.001). The correct understanding rates of deterministic effects and stochastic effects were 80.63% and 43.64%, respectively. The acceptance rates in applicable materials were 96.79% for occupational exposure history, 94.72% for occupational health monitoring records and 93.55% for individual monitoring of occupational exposure, respectively. Pre-employment training rate was 80.20%, on-job training rate was 81.19%, and untrained rate was 3.77%. The suggestions to the diagnosis of occupational radiation-induced diseases are to strengthen training, pay attention to individual monitoring, occupational health examination, and strengthen health supervision and law enforcement. Conclusions:Radiation workers have a low awareness rate of certain diagnostic standards and a high awareness rate of diagnostic procedures. Publicity and training of health effects of ionizing radiation and diagnostic criteria of occupational radiation-induced diseases should be strengthened. Diagnostic procedure should be optimized.

Transcranial magneto-acoustic electrical stimulation (TMAES) is a novel method of brain nerve regulation and research, which uses induction current generated by the coupling of ultrasound and magnetic field to regulate neural electrical activity in different brain regions. As the second special envoy of nerve signal, calcium plays a key role in nerve signal transmission. In order to investigate the effect of TMAES on prefrontal cortex electrical activity, 15 mice were divided into control group, ultrasound stimulation (TUS) group and TMAES group. The TMAES group received 2.6 W/cm ² and 0.3 T of magnetic induction intensity, the TUS group received only ultrasound stimulation, and the control group received no ultrasound and magnetic field for one week. The calcium ion concentration in the prefrontal cortex of mice was recorded in real time by optical fiber photometric detection technology. The new object recognition experiment was conducted to compare the behavioral differences and the time-frequency distribution of calcium signal in each group. The results showed that the mean value of calcium transient signal in the TMAES group was (4.84 ± 0.11)% within 10 s after the stimulation, which was higher than that in the TUS group (4.40 ± 0.10)% and the control group (4.22 ± 0.08)%, and the waveform of calcium transient signal was slower, suggesting that calcium metabolism was faster. The main energy band of the TMAES group was 0-20 Hz, that of the TUS group was 0-12 Hz and that of the control group was 0-8 Hz. The cognitive index was 0.71 in the TMAES group, 0.63 in the TUS group, and 0.58 in the control group, indicating that both ultrasonic and magneto-acoustic stimulation could improve the cognitive ability of mice, but the effect of the TMAES group was better than that of the TUS group. These results suggest that TMAES can change the calcium homeostasis of prefrontal cortex nerve clusters, regulate the discharge activity of prefrontal nerve clusters, and promote cognitive function. The results of this study provide data support and reference for further exploration of the deep neural mechanism of TMAES.
Acoustics ; Animals ; Brain ; Calcium ; Electric Stimulation ; Mice ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Organic chemistry is an important foundation course for medicine, chemistry and other majors in universities and colleges. In this study, combined with the characteristics of pharmacy students in local colleges and universities, teachers introduced case teaching, enhanced curriculum connotation, and explored the integration of green chemistry concepts into the teaching process of organic chemistry, so as to cultivate pharmaceutical professionals with environmental protection concept and safety awareness. The practice shows that this teaching model not only improves students' attention to organic chemistry and learning efficiency, but also improves students' comprehensive quality.

Based on the International Federation of Nursing Anesthetists (IFNA) education and training base, our hospital has built a training base for anesthesia specialized nurses in Nanjing from the following aspects: the application for training base of anesthesia specialized nurses, the qualification and examination of students' and teachers' qualification, the settings of training curriculum, the examination contents and methods, and the evaluation of post-training effect. This article summarizes the construction experience of this base, therefore, providing support and standard for the training of anesthesia specialized nurses.

Objective To evaluate the application value of low-dose CT (LDCT) in physical examination for coal miners with different exposure time.Methods The consecutive three-year imaging data of 972 coal miners with over 20-year exposure were retrospectively reviewed.All miners were divided into 3 groups according to different exposure time,including 317 cases with less than 10 years,299 cases with 10-20 years and 356 cases with more than 20 years.All subjects underwent LDCT examination every year during three consecutive years.Results Baseline LDCT:As the exposure time was prolonged (with less than 10 years,10-20 years and more than 20 years),the number of coal miners has increased with non-calcified pulmonary nodules,interstitial pulmonary lesions,clinically cured or stable stage of pulmonary tuberculosis,pulmonary calcification and pulmonary fibrous stripes,but without statistically significant difference.The detection rates of lung bullae,aorta and coronary artery sclerosis were also increased mildly,with the prolonged exposure time.There was no significant correlation between exposure time and detection rates of bronchiectasis,pulmonary inflammatory lesions,lymph node enlargement or calcification,pleural lesions.The exposure time of 6 cases of malignant nodules and 2 cases of active tuberculosis was more than 10 years.During a two-year follow-up using LDCT scan,there were no significant changes in most of intrapulmonary,pleural and mediastinal lesions.Neither were in pulmonary nodules less than or equal to 4 mm.Three pulmonary nodules with 4-8 mm diameters were enlarged.Most of the inflammatory lesions have changed in size.Conclusion The LDCT scan has a certain value for chest physical examination of the coal miners with different exposure time.It is very necessary to screen the high-risk population of coal miners with exposure time of more than 10 years using LDCT.LDCT reexamination has significant value for pulmonary nodules and inflammatory lesions with diameter of more than 4 mm.Most of intrapulmonary,pleural and mediastinal lesions have no obvious change in the short term,and make an annual reexamination unnecessary,neither does a negative baseline LDCT.

Objective: To evaluate the change of tooth root volume and length after rapid maxillary expansion by CBCT three dimensional reconstruction method. Methods: 33 patients underwent rapid maxillary expansion were examined by CBCT before and after treatment. The CBCT images of the first,second premolars and the first molars were segmented and reconstructed by Mimics image processing software for the analysis of the changes of root volume and length. All data were analyzed by SPSS software statistically. Results: After maxillary expansion,all root volumes were reduced(P ＜ 0. 05),more reduction was observed in anchorage teeth than in non-anchorage teeth(P ＜ 0. 05). The length of most teeth roots was not decreased(P＞ 0. 05) except the buccal and distal roots of the first molars(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Rapid maxillary expansion may result in root resorption and this resorption is mainly based on the volume decrease.

Objective: To analyze the screening results of cervical cancer in elderly women in Beijing and Guizhou. To compare the screening effectiveness of cervical cancer in elderly women in different areas. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the screening data of elderly women (≥50 years) who had examination at cervical lesion clinic in Peking University People′s Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2013 to January 2014, with histopathology as the gold standard, to compare screening effectiveness of cervical cytology or HPV detection for elderly women in cervical cancer screening in the two regions. Results: Among the patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and above (CIN2 + ) detected by colposcopy in Peking University People′s Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 44.1% (82/186) and 57.0% (98/172) were women aged 50 and older. In Beijing group 39.0% (32/82) of CIN2 + patients had clinical symptoms, which in Guizhou group was 31.6% (31/98). In Beijing group and Guizhou group, 50.0% (19/38) and 73.2% (30/41) patients with cervical cancer had never been screened, respectively. In Beijing group and Guizhou group, 5.4% (4/74) and 19.2% (10/52) of the patients with CIN2 + had cervical cytology negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), respectively (P=0.015). The cervical cytology showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in 10.2% (13/127) and 24.6% (14/57), respectively, with significant difference (P=0.01). The cervical cytology showed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 14.9% (11/74) and 37.5% (6/16) with no significant difference (P=0.08). Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H) were 41.7% (5/12) and 71.4% (20/28) with no statistically significant difference (P=0.15). High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were 78.9% (15/19) and 86.4% (19/22) with no significant difference (P=0.83). In cases with HPV detection information, the sensitivity of CIN2+ diagnosis by high-risk HPV detection in Beijing group and Guizhou group was 95.2% (40/42) and 73.6% (39/53) that was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions In both Beijing and Guizhou, the incidence of CIN2+ in elderly women is at a relatively high level. There were differences in the detection of CIN2+ by cervical cytology or HPV detection in Beijing and Guizhou.

Objective To analyze the imaging characteristics of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( FDG) PET/ CT in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Sixty-eight patients (41 males, 27 females, age (61.5±17.2) years) with pathologically proven MM were retrospectively reviewed between January 2011 and August 2016. Imaging characteristics of 18 F-FDG PET/ CT in patients were analyzed. Maximum stand-ardized uptake value (SUVmax ), score of the bone involvement (bones of whole body were classified into 10 groups, and when 1 group was involved, the score was 1), the number of bone lesions and soft tissue swell-ing around bone lesions were investigated. Results A total of 1310 lesions were detected in 68 MM pa-tients. The SUVmax varied widely and mild metabolic activity (2.5≤SUVmax<5.0) was observed in the high-est proportion of MM patients (49.8％, 652/ 1310). The SUVmax of MM patients was 6.63±3.02. The score of bone involvement was 4.49±3.01. The number of bone lesions was 10.50(3.00, 33.00), and soft tissue swelling around bone lesions was observed in 22 patients. Conclusions There are special imaging charac-teristics of 18 F-FDG PET/ CT in MM patients, such as multiple osteolytic lesions with mild to moderate met-abolic activity, clear boundary and extensive bone involvement, and lesions usually limit to the skeletal sys-tem. The characteristics are of certain value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MM.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of maxillary protraction with or without rapid maxillary expansion in the treatment of Class Ⅲ malocclusion by Meta-Analysis.Methods:The randomized controlled trail,quasi-randomized controlled trail and the clinical controlled trail about the treatment of Class Ⅲ malocclusion by protraction with or without expansion were searched in the database of Cochrane Library,Embase,PubMed,Medline,CBM,Wan Fang,CNKI,VIP.2 authors qualified and extracted the data independently.Then the Meta-analysis was performed by using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:7 studies with 228 cases were included,114 cases were treated by maxillary protraction with expansion and the other 114 cases by maxillary protraction without expansion.The Meta-analysis showed that:there was no significant difference in SNA,SNB,ANB and SN-PP except ANS-Me,U1-NA,SN-MP.A favorable improvement of the sagittal relationship between maxillary and mandibular was observed by using protraction whether with expansion or not.The expansion did not shorten the course of treatment,but it lowered the inclination of upper incisors,resulting in more clockwise rotation of mandibular plane and increase of the facial vertical dimension.Conclusion:Maxillary protraction with rapid maxillary expansion can be used in the treatment of class Ⅲ malocclusion with incisor labioclination.

BACKGROUND:Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS),a chitin derivative,has a good application performance that makes it become a safe and effective hemostatic material.OBJECTIVE:To determine the hemostatic effect of CMCS and its biosecurity properties.METHODS:(1) CMCS powder was scattered on the caudal vein and liver wounds of Sprague-Dawley rats,and the hemostatic time was recorded as experimental group,while the time for natural haemostasis of the wound was recorded as control group.(2) CMCS powder was scattered on the tail,femoral artery and liver wounds of ICR mice,and the hemostatic time was recorded as experimental group,while the time for natural haemostasis of the wound was recorded as control group.(3) CMCS,Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution and distilled water were respectively applied on the skin of albino rabbits in a skin irritation test.(4) A delayed-type hypersensitivity test of CMCS was carried out by intradermal injection of CMCS in guinea pigs.(5) An intradermal irritation test was carried out by subcutaneous injection of normal saline containing CMCS and normal saline,respectively.Another intradermal irritation test was carried out by subcutaneous injection of the supernatant of CMCS olive oil extract and olive oil,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the control group,the hemostatic time for caudal vein and liver wounds were significantly shortened in the Sprague-Dawley rats in the experimental group (P ＜ 0.01).(2) Compared with the control group,the time of hemostasis on the tail,femoral artery and liver wounds was significantly shortened in the ICR mice in the experimental group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).(3) The CMCS had no irritation to the skin of albino rabbits and no allergic reaction to the skin of guinea pigs.To conclude,the CMCS has good hemostatic effect on the wound in Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice,and has no skin irritation,allergic reactions and intradermal irritation reactions in albino rabbits and guinea pigs,which is a relatively safe hemostatic material.