Objective To analyze the abnormal individual dose monitoring results in 206 medical institutions in a selected region in 2024, and to propose improvement measures. Methods Individuals with monitoring results exceeding the investigation level were subjected to high-dose investigation, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results In 2024, the individual dose monitoring of 206 medical institutions in a selected region showed 1.04% abnormal results. The proportions of abnormal results from primary, secondary, and tertiary medical institutions were 12.22%, 3.33%, and 84.45%, respectively. In analysis of the causes of abnormal results, 52.53% of the cases were due to personal dosimeters left in the radiation workplace, and 20.20% were due to the confusion in wearing personal dosimeters inside and outside the lead apron. In analysis of the occupational distribution of the radiation workers with abnormal monitoring results, interventional radiology and diagnostic radiology accounted for 73.34% and 24.44%, respectively. Statistical analysis of the dose range showed that doses in the ranges of 1.25-2.0 mSv and 2.0-5.0 mSv accounted for 42.22% and 33.33%, respectively. In the report of abnormal monitoring results, the proportions of reporting notional dose and reporting measured results accounted for 88.89% and 11.11%, respectively. Among institutions with consecutive abnormal results, primary, secondary, and tertiary medical institutions accounted for 15.39%, 7.69%, and 76.92%, respectively. Conclusion The level of the hospital, occupational type, the perceived importance of the hospital to the management of radiation protection, and the perceived importance and compliance of the radiation workers with the individual dose monitoring are potential causes of abnormal results. It is recommended that employers should enhance radiation protection training for their radiation workers to ensure proper wearing and storage of dosimeters, and progressively improve the standardization and effectiveness of individual dose monitoring practice.

Objective To compare H_p(3) calibration with a homemade (A) thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and an imported (B) TLD in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field, to explore the different responses of A and B, and to provide foundation for the calibration of H_p(3). Methods A column mode was selected. H_p(3) calibration was performed using A and B in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Angle response, energy response, and linear response were calibrated with RQR4 (60 kV), RQR7 (90 kV), and RQR9 (120 kV), respectively. Results In terms of angle response, the calibration results of A were relatively high, while the calibration results of B were relatively low. In terms of energy response, the calibration results showed a similar pattern to angle response. In terms of linear response, the calibration results of both A and B were satisfactory. Conclusion Both A and B can be used for normal calibration of H_p(3) in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field. However, in actual monitoring, attention should be paid to the energy and angle response values of TLDs.

Objective To investigate the value of pepsinogen(PG)in diagnosing children peptic ulcer.Methods A total of 855 children patients completing gastroscopic examination in this hospital due to nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,gastrointestinal bleeding and other gastrointestinal symptoms from July 2019 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.According to the gastroscopic examination results,they were divided into the healthy physical examination group(n=223),chronic gastritis group(n=418),chronic gas-tritis combined with duodenal bulbar inflammation(n=168)and gastric ulcer and duodenal bulbous ulcer group(peptic ulcer group,n=46).A total of 503 study subjects perfected the 13C breath test and divided into Helicobacter pylori(Hp)positive and Hp negative according to the test results.Serum PGⅠ,PGⅡ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ levels in all study subjects were measured by latex immunoturbidimetry.The differences of this indi-cator among different ages and different gastric diseases and its diagnostic value in peptic ulcer were analyzed.Results The proportion of female children patients in the peptic ulcer group was significantly lower than that in the other 3 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The PGⅠ level of children pa-tients＜7 years old in the chronic gastritis group was lower than that of the children patients＞12 years old group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The PG level of the children patients＜7 years old in chronic gastritis combined with duodenal bulbar inflammation group was lower than that in the children patients＞12 years old group,the PGⅡ level in the children patients＜7 years old,7-12 years was lower than that in the children patients＞12 year old,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the healthy physical examination group,the PGⅠ level in the chronic gastritis group was increased,the PGⅠ and PGⅡ levels in the chronic gastritis combined with duodenal bulbar inflammation group were increased,the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio was decreased,the PGⅠ and PGⅡ levels in the peptic ulcer group were increased and the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio was decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the chronic gastritis group,the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio in the chronic gastritis combined with duodenal bulbar inflammation group was decreased,the PGⅠ and PGⅡ levels in the peptic ulcer group were increased,the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio was decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with chronic gastritis combined with duodenal bulbar inflammation group,the PGⅠ and PGⅡ lev-els in the peptic ulcer group were increased,the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio was decreased,and the differences were sta-tistically significant(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of PGⅠ and PGⅡ for predicting peptic ul-cer was 0.689 and 0.785 respectively,the maximal Youden index served as the optimal diagnostic cutoff val-ue,when PGⅠ was 69.25 μg/L,its Youden index reached the maximal value,the sensitivity for diagnosing peptic ulcer was 67.4％,the specificity was 72.3％;when PGⅡ was 12.25 μg/L,its Youden index reached the maximal value,the sensitivity for diagnosing peptic ulcer was 71.7％,the specificity was 76.1％.Compared with the Hp negative,Hp positive PGⅠ and PGⅡ in the chronic gastritis combined with duodenal bulbar in-flammation group were increased,the PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio was decreased,the Hp positive PGⅠ/PGⅡ ratio in the peptic ulcer group was decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion PG could be used to diagnose children peptic ulcer.

Objective:To explore the mediating role of self-perceptions of aging between frailty and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:From February to July 2021, a total of 528 elderly people in Xinxiang community were investigated with the frailty phenotype, the brief self-perceptions ageing questionnaire and the Mini-mental state examination(MMSE) scale.According to the MMSE total score and education level, the subjects were divided into cognitive impairment group (illiteracy≤17, primary school≤20, junior high school and above≤24, n=74) and cognitive normal group( n=454). SPSS 25.0 software was used for common method deviation test, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while AMOS 24.0 software was used to build structural equation model and Bootstrap method was used for intermediary effect test. Results:(1)The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly in the community was 14.1%. The differences between the cognitively normal group and cognitively impaired group were statistically significant in terms of age, education, number of chronic diseases suffered and depression ( χ2=59.21, 6.53, 9.84, 25.47, all P<0.05). The differences were statistically significant in terms of frailty( χ2=75.65, P<0.001) and self-perceptions of aging ( t=77.67, P<0.001). (2)Self-perceptions of aging in the cognitively impaired group (47.39±8.66) was higher than that in the cognitively normal group (38.22±8.24) ( t=77.67, P<0.001) .Frailty score in cognitively impaired group (2.00 (1.00, 3.00)) was higher than that in the cognitively normal group (0.00 (0.00, 1.00))( Z=-8.63, P<0.001) . (3)Frailty was negatively correlated with cognitive function ( r=-0.492, P<0.01), and positively correlated with self-perceptions of aging ( r=0.540, P<0.01). Self-perceptions of aging was negatively correlated with cognitive function ( r=-0.541, P<0.01) . After controlling the influencing factors such as age, education level, chronic diseases and depression, the correlation was still significant (all P<0.01) . (4) Self-perceptions of aging played a partially mediating role in the relationship between frailty and cognitive function, the mediating effect accounted for 58.5% of the total effect. Conclusion:Frailty and self-perceptions of aging have a significant impact on the cognitive function of the elderly in the community, and self-perceptions of aging plays a partial intermediary role between the frailty and cognitive function of the elderly in the community.

The dynamic changes of cognitive function has been paid more and more attention by foreign scholars.Dynamic assessment based on ecological momentary assessment(EMA)can capture subtle changes in cognitive function and provide more comprehensive information for early identification and timely intervention of people with cognitive impairment, which is an effective supplement to traditional cognitive assessment.This paper reviewed the concept of ecological momentary assessment, its advantages in cognitive assessment, its feasibility and effectiveness, and its application status in the evaluation of cognitive function in the elderly, so as to provide a reference for making ecological assessment of the cognitive function for older adults that is in line with China's national conditions.

Cleft palate is one of the most common oral and maxillofacial deformities, which can be treated through surgery. Compared to other skeletal muscles, the soft palate muscles have a lower regenerative capacity, and tend to develop more fibrosis than other skeletal muscles. It is difficult to achieve the best desired improvement in the function of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate surgery. In addition, satellite cells, which are considered as muscle stem cells, also play an important role in the process of soft palate muscle regeneration. This article will discuss the mechanism of the soft palate muscle regeneration after cleft palate surgery and the accompanying fibrosis process. It will also analyze the factors that affect the regeneration of soft palate muscles and summarize the corresponding methods to improve the muscle regeneration function after cleft palate surgery.

Cleft palate is one of the most common oral and maxillofacial deformities, which can be treated through surgery. Compared to other skeletal muscles, the soft palate muscles have a lower regenerative capacity, and tend to develop more fibrosis than other skeletal muscles. It is difficult to achieve the best desired improvement in the function of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate surgery. In addition, satellite cells, which are considered as muscle stem cells, also play an important role in the process of soft palate muscle regeneration. This article will discuss the mechanism of the soft palate muscle regeneration after cleft palate surgery and the accompanying fibrosis process. It will also analyze the factors that affect the regeneration of soft palate muscles and summarize the corresponding methods to improve the muscle regeneration function after cleft palate surgery.

Objective:To explore the application value of humidifying high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HHFNC) in children with pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after weaning.Methods:From January 2018 to October 2021, 42 children with endotracheal intubation admitted to PICU of Tai′an city Central Hospital were prospectively selected and randomly divided into HHFNC group and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group, with 21 patients in each group. The blood gas analysis [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery (PaCO 2), PaO 2/oxygen concentration (FiO 2)], blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2), comfort, non-invasive ventilation time, and total hospital stay of the two groups of children 1 hour after using HHFNC and NCPAP were compared, and the rate of reintubation of trachea within 48 hours, gastroesophageal reflux, nasal injury, facial skin indentation, abdominal distension, and pulmonary air leakage were recorded. Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of blood gas analysis (PaO 2, PaCO 2, PaO 2/FiO 2), SaO 2, pulmonary air leakage, non-invasive ventilation time, hospital stay, and reintubation rate within 48 h after weaning (all P>0.05). Compared with NCPAP group, HHFNC group had higher comfort, lower incidence of facial skin indentation, gastroesophageal reflux, nasal injury and abdominal distension, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:HHFNC and NCPAP can both be used as the transitional respiratory support mode after weaning, and the clinical treatment effect are similar. The HHFNC group has higher comfort, which is more conducive to improving the tolerance of children, reducing adverse reactions, and has higher safety.

Objective:To investigate the different outcomes of two types of acute kidney injury (AKI) according to standard of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes-AKI (KDIGO-AKI), and to analyze the risk factors that affect the prognosis of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in China.Methods:A secondary analysis was performed on the database of a previous study conducted by China Critical Care Clinical Trial Group (CCCCTG), which was a multicenter prospective study involving 3 063 patients in 22 tertiary ICUs in 19 provinces and autonomous regions of China. The demographic data, scores reflecting severity of illness, laboratory findings, intervention during ICU stay were extracted. All patients were divided into pure AKI (PAKI) and acute on chronic kidney disease (AoCKD). PAKI was defined as meeting the serum creatinine (SCr) standard of KDIGO-AKI (KDIGO-AKI SCr) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline was ≥ 60 mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, and AoCKD was defined as meeting the KDIGO-AKI SCr standard and baseline eGFR was 15-59 mL·min -1·1.73 m -2. All-cause mortality in ICU within 28 days was the primary outcome, while the length of ICU stay and renal replacement therapy (RRT) were the secondary outcome. The differences in baseline data and outcomes between the two groups were compared. The cumulative survival rate of ICU within 28 days was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve, and the risk factors of ICU death within 28 days were screened by Cox multivariate analysis. Results:Of the 3 063 patients, 1 042 were enrolled, 345 with AKI, 697 without AKI. The AKI incidence was 33.11%, while ICU mortality within 28 days of AKI patients was 13.91% (48/345). Compared with PAKI patients ( n = 322), AoCKD patients ( n = 23) were older [years old: 74 (59, 77) vs. 58 (41, 72)] and more critical when entering ICU [acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score: 23 (19, 27) vs. 15 (11, 22)], had worse basic renal function [eGFR (mL·min -1·1.73 m -2): 49 (38, 54) vs. 115 (94, 136)], more basic complications [Charlson comorbidity index (CCI): 3 (2, 4) vs. 0 (0, 1)] and higher SCr during ICU stay [peak SCr for diagnosis of AKI (μmol/L): 412 (280, 515) vs. 176 (124, 340), all P < 0.01]. The mortality and RRT incidence within 28 days in ICU of AoCKD patients were significantly higher than those of PAKI patients [39.13% (9/23) vs. 12.11% (39/322), 26.09% (6/23) vs. 4.04% (13/322), both P < 0.01], while no significant difference was found in the length of ICU stay. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the 28-day cumulative survival rate in ICU in AoCKD patients was significantly lower than PAKI patients (Log-Rank: χ2 = 5.939, P = 0.015). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that admission to ICU due to respiratory failure [hazard ratio ( HR) = 4.458, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.141-17.413, P = 0.032], vasoactive agents treatment in ICU ( HR = 5.181, 95% CI was 2.033-13.199, P = 0.001), and AoCKD ( HR = 5.377, 95% CI was 1.303-22.186, P = 0.020) were independent risk factors for ICU death within 28 days. Conclusion:Further detailed classification (PAKI, AoCKD) based on KDIGO-AKI SCr standard combined with eGFR is related to ICU mortality in critical patients within 28 days.

Objective:To compare the wound healing time, Surgical site infection (SSI) rate and other postoperative outcomes between the gunsight closure and purse-string closure technique in loop stoma closure.Methods:Between November 2013 and December 2017, a total of 143 patients who underwent gunsight stoma reversal were included in this multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomized to undergo gunsight (gunsight group, n=72) or purse-string closure technique (purse-string group, n=71). The primary endpoint was wound healing time. The second endpoints were the incidence of SSI, morbidity, and patient satisfaction. Statistical analysis between groups was performed using the t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test, χ 2 test or Fisher′s exact test. Results:There were 45 males and 27 females with age of 67 (11) (M( Q R)) years in gunsight group, 42 males and 29 females with age of 65 (20) years in purse-string group. The body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologist classification, comorbidities, primary diagnosis, the type of ostomy, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization cost, SSI rate and incisional hernia (stoma site) between the 2 groups were not significantly different ( P>0.05). Although had a statistically longer operating time (80(10) minutes vs. 70(10) minutes, Z=-2.381, P=0.017), patients who underwent gunsight procedure and a significantly shorter wound healing time (17(2) days vs. 25(4) days, Z=-10.199, P<0.01), higher patient satisfaction score with regards to wound healing time (3(1) vs. 3(1), Z=-4.526, P<0.01), and higher total patient satisfaction score (25(3) vs. 25(3), Z=-2.529, P=0.011) compared with those who underwent purse-string procedure. Conclusions:The gunsight and purse-string techniques are effective procedures for stoma reversal and both have low SSI rate. The gunsight technique is associated with shorter wound healing time, higher levels of patient satisfaction compared with purse-string technique, and is recommended as the closure technique of choice.