In this study, a new model of "Internet + PACD (namely, theoretical presentation, assimilatin, clinicopathological diagnosis and discussion)" was put forward in the online and offline course construction of surgical diagnostic pathology. and the teaching effect of this teaching model was evaluated through the performance evaluation and questionnaire survey. The results showed that the teaching model of "Internet + PACD" could not only significantly improve the performance of professional courses of students majoring in pathology, but also enhance their learning interest, confidence, competition and cooperation consciousness, which has been affirmed and recognized by students.

The construction of Internet plus and big data pathology medical alliance platform is based on the Clinical Pathological Diagnosis Center of Qiqihar Medical University, on the basis of the digital pathological cloud platform provided by Jiangfeng biological assistance, relying on the medical development plan of Qi Medical Pathology diagnosis Center, cultivating the development concept of high, fine and sharp innovative pathological talents, and absorbing the leading figures of pathological diagnosis in various departments in China. From that, the real-time supervision and control of the diagnostic quality of Primary Pathological Diagnostic Unit can be established, the real-time, timely and accurate all-round training of Basic Pathological Diagnostic Technicians can be realized, and the level of basic pathological diagnosis can be quickly improved. A new training mode for pathology talents can perfectly fit with the big data medicine and artificial intelligence.

The flipped class model is student-centered,which turns the traditional "teaching firstlearning behind" into the "learning first-teaching behind".The flipped class model can improve students' autonomous learning ability and other abilities.This article introduces the application of the flipped class in the course of medical immunology,including the course content selection,building QQ group learning platform,the production and release of independent learning resources,enactment of the task order and learning requirements,the design and implementation of classroom teaching activities and so on.The review and reflection of the formative assessment is also carried out.Through the reflection of the problems in the teaching,it is expected to lay the foundation for the promotion of the overturned class.

Objective To explore more accurate method about the time of pregnancy and gestational age of SD rats.Methods 7 to 8-week-old SD rats (18 females,6 males) were selected,the ratios of male to female were 2:1,5:2,1:1 and 4:1.Through vaginal plug observation,vaginal smear method,weight comparison method to verify the exact date of pregnancy in the next morning.Results Vaginal observed at milky vaginal plug sperm could be observed as sickle rat sperm head.Body weight of pregnant rats changed obviously.Three detection methods were used to detect the pregnancy time for 18 females.The positive rate of vaginal plug observation was 5.6％.The positive rate of vaginal smear method was 44.4％.The false negative rate of vaginal smear method was 11.1％.The positive rate of body weight method was 11.1％.The false positive rate was 5.6％.Conclusion The accuracy of vaginal smear is higher than the vaginal plug method and weight comparison method,the vaginal plug method can be used as the premise of the other two methods.Comparison method can be used as supplementary that the other two methods missed.

Objective To study the protein levels of fibronectin (Fn) in the sinoatrial node tissues of hearts caused by electric shock death ,and to provide a new theoretical basis for the diagnosis of electric shock death and the identification of death time.MethodsUsing immunohistochemical technique(S-P method) to detect protein levels of 15 cases of human sinoatrial node following electrocution(human experimental group),15 cases of human sinoatrial node with severe traumatic cerebral injury(human control group),35 cases of rabbit sinoatrial node following electrocution(rabbit experimental group ,divided into7 groups according to different sampling time: 0 h ,1 h ,3 h ,6 h ,12 h,24 h.48 h),and 35 cases of rabbit sinoatrial node with broken neck executed(rabbit control group ,divided int0 7 groups according to different sampling time :0 h,1 h.3 h,6 h.12 h.24 h,48 h).ResultsFn positive expression rate in human experimental group was 100% while it was 6.67% in the human control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01 ).The Fn expression can be seen after electric shock immediately in the rabbit experimental group,and there was statistical difference compared with the rabbit control group (P < 0.05).Distribution of Fn expression became more and more widely after 3 hours t0 12 hours in the rabbit experimental group ,and there was significant difference compared with the rabbit control group(P < 0.01).The Fn expression began to decrease 24 hours after electrocution,ancl it still had statistical significance 48 hours after electrocution compared with the rabbit control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion Electric shocks significantly enhanced the expression of Fn protein levels in the sinoatrial node tissues , and optical density of Fn positive expression has a regularity change along with the extended time of death.These results could provide a theoretical reference basis for forensic diagnosis of electrocution and identification of death time.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for content determination of rosmarinic acid and total polysaccharide in Hysso-pus. offcinalis. METHODS:HPLC was conducted to determine the content of rosmarinic acid in H. offcinalis. The column was Shim-pack VP-ODS with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.5% formic(17:83,V/V) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 330 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μl. UV-visible spectrophotometry was conducted to determine the content of total polysaccharide,detection wavelength was 620 nm. RESULTS:The linear range was 10.86-54.30 μg/ml (r=0.999 8)for rosmarinic acid and 1.996-15.97 μg/ml for total polysaccharide(r=0.999 6);RSDs of precision,stability and re-producibility tests were lower than 1.0% and 2.0%,respectively;recoveries were 98.20%-101.79%(RSD=1.68%,n=6) and 96.62%-101.68%(RSD=1.88%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and reproducible,and can be used for the con-tents determination of rosmarinic acid and total polysaccharide in H. offcinalis.

Objective To investigate the effect of β-asarone on hippocampal neurons of experimental depression rats. Methods Eighty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely normal group, model group, fluoxetine(1.2 mg/kg) group and β-asarone (25 mg/kg) group. Depression rat model was established. The medication groups were given corresponding agents respectively. After treatment for 21 days, the number of apoptotic cells and the histological features in the hippocampus of rats were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL, respectively. Results Compared with the normal group, typical apoptotic cells were found, apoptotic cell count and apoptotic rate were increased in the hippocampal CA3 and DG area of the model group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, apoptotic cell count and apoptotic rate were decreased in the hippocampal area ofβ-asarone group and fluoxetine group (P<0.01). Conclusion The protective mechanism of β-asarone for the hippocampal cells of depression rats is probably associated with the reduction of the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and MRI feature of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate. Methods Three patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate were observed clinically and with MRI. Results The 3 patients were male. They all had definite addiction histories (the time of addiction for 3 years to 7 years ). There were special language and retropulsive dystonia besides the common characteristics of toxic encephalopathy:reaction retardation and disturbance of intelligence. MRI showed the change of generalized demyelination in bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemisphere, posterior limbs of internal capsule, corpus callosum, medial lemniscus, and cerebellum hemisphere dentate nucleus. The clinical symptoms of 3 patients were significantly improved 40 days after the adrenocortical steroid and neurotrophic treatment. The mild mood disorder remained in case 1. Conclusion Clinical manifestation and MRI of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate are known, so we could diagnose the patients of the disease in time.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in urban and rural areas of Ningbo and Yongzhou. METHOD: Fifteen fields in the two cities from October 2006 to June 2007 were randomly selected. Cases suspected with symptoms of AR by a self-administered and interview questionnaire were recommended to special examinations for confirmed diagnosis. RESULT: 1. A total of 9969 individuals from 3803 families were surveyed, of whom 303 suffered with AR. 2. The prevalence rate was 4.10% in Ningbo and 1.65% in Yongzhou (the sex-adjusted rate was 4.10% and 1.64% respectively, and the age-adjusted rate was 4.33% and 1.58%); the population of island inhabitants had the lowest prevalence rate of 0.73%. 3. The prevalence rate in patients with asthma and that with family genetic history was 8% and 12% respectively. CONCLUSION It demonstrates that the prevalence rate is higher in Ningbo than in Yongzhou, in urban than in rural and in adolescent than in other ages. Allergic rhinitis may be associated with asthma and related to genetic factors. Allergic rhinitis may be curable.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asthma ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; epidemiology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effects of Qifuyin on learning and memory ability and expression of somatostatin in hippocampus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, sham operation control group, model group, donepezil group and Qifuyin group. The AD model was established by microinjection of A?1-42 into the bilateral hippocampus. The learning and memory ability of rats were evaluated with a series of tasks to find a hidden platform in Morris Water Maze. The expression levels of somatostatin in hippocampus were measured by immunohistochemical SP techniques. Results In the place navigation test, the mean escape latencies of the model group was obviously increased compared with sham operation control group (P