Objective:To assess the impact of the general education course entitled " The Basics of Radiation Protection" on enhancing undergraduates′ awareness of radiation safety, a questionnaire was utilized. Additionally, this study aims to propose novel strategies for improving health literacy among undergraduates, fostering the development of innovative, talented individuals with reasonable knowledge structures and strong practical abilities.Methods:From 2021 to 2022, 127 undergraduates from all colleges of Shandong University took the general course" The Basics of Radiation Protection". To compare the learning effects of the medical and non-medical students, invitations to participate in this study were extended to 101 (79.5%) students from School of Medicine and School of Electrical Engineering. A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine and compare the changes in the students’ basic cognition of radiation safety and protection before and after learning the course. The aim was to evaluate the teaching effectiveness and significance of the course.Results:From 2021 to 2022, 94 undergraduates from School of Medicine and School of Electrical Engineering accepted the invitation and voluntarily completed questionnaires twicely, accounting for 74.0% of the total number of selected students. The questionnaire survey showed that through course learning, the cognitive level of radiation protection among college students had significantly improved. The Likert quantification scores befroe taking the course were 3.59±1.35, 3.81±1.17, 3.45±1.16, 4.11±1.13, 3.62±1.05, 3.98±1.24 and after completing the course 4.94±0.32, 4.87±0.32, 4.96±0.21, 4.98±0.15, 4.81±0.39, 4.98±0.15, respectively, with the difference being statistically significant ( t=6.55, 5.50, 9.10, 5.36, 7.60, 5.34, P< 0.05). Further analysis revealed that different professional backgrounds affected students′ understanding of radiation safety and protection: before learning this course, medical students were superior to electrical engineering students in their knowledge of ionizing radiation ( t=5.69, 4.06, 6.46, 6.27, 7.78, P < 0.001). After taking the course, the cognitive level of students from both majors had considerably improved, but there was no significant difference ( P> 0.05). Feedback on the course learning showed that the awareness of " routine radiation protection" had significantly improved (96.8%), pseudoscience and pseudoinformation could be identified (93.6%), " nuclear power" -related fears had been dispelled (95.7%), and the concept of " cherishing life" had been effectively established (91.5%). Conclusions:The general education course " The Basics of Radiation Protection" has effectively improved the students′ awareness of radiation safety, strengthened their knowledge regarding radiation safety and protection, and provided a new avenue for cultivating innovative talents on a well-structured knowledge base. The course would be worth further promoting and applying in the education of undergraduates with different backgrounds and taking different majors.

Background: and Purpose To evaluate whether the thrombus enhancement sign (TES) can be used to differentiate embolic large vessel occlusion (LVO) from in situ intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS)-related LVO in the anterior circulation of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: Patients with LVO in the anterior circulation who underwent both non-contrast computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography and mechanical thrombectomy were retrospectively enrolled. Both embolic LVO (embo-LVO) and in situ ICAS-related LVO (ICAS-LVO) were confirmed by two neurointerventional radiologists after reviewing the medical and imaging data. TES was assessed to predict embo-LVO or ICAS-LVO. The associations between occlusion type and TES, along with clinical and interventional parameters, were investigated using logistic regression analysis and a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: A total of 288 patients with AIS were included and divided into an embo-LVO group (n=235) and an ICAS-LVO group (n=53). TES was identified in 205 (71.2%) patients and was more frequently observed in those with embo-LVO, with a sensitivity of 83.8%, specificity of 84.9%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.844. Multivariate analysis showed that TES (odds ratio [OR], 22.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.4–53.8; P<0.001) and atrial fibrillation (OR, 6.6; 95% CI, 2.8–15.8; P<0.001) were independent predictors of embolic occlusion. A predictive model that included both TES and atrial fibrillation yielded a higher diagnostic ability for embo-LVO, with an AUC of 0.899. Conclusion TES is an imaging marker with high predictive value for identifying embo- and ICAS-LVO in AIS and provides guidance for endovascular reperfusion therapy.

ObjectiveThe internal transcribed spacer （ITS） 2 region of ribosomal gene， a DNA barcode， was employed to identify 12 medicinal Aconitum species and the genetic relationship among the species was analyzed. MethodA total of 30 samples of the 12 species were collected. The DNA was extracted with spin column plant genomic DNA kit and the universal primers of ITS2 sequence were used for polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification， followed by electrophoresis detection and bi-directional sequencing. The yielded sequences were aligned and spliced by CodonCode Aligner 17.0 and sequence variation was analyzed by MEGA 7.0. The secondary structure was predicted by ITS2 Database and the neighbor-joining （NJ） method was applied to generate the phylogenetic tree. ResultThe ITS2 sequences of the 12 species were 220-221 bp， with the average guanine and cytosine （GC） content of 64.09%， 140 variable sites， 137 informative sites， and 81 conservative sites. The intraspecific genetic distance （K2P） was smaller than the interspecific genetic distance. According to the secondary structures of ITS2 sequences and NJ cluster analysis， A. scaposum， A. sinomontanum， and A. barbatum had close genetic relationship， while the rest nine showed close kinship， particularly A. soongaricum and A. yinschanicum. ConclusionITS2 sequence is of great value for the molecular identification and genetic relationship determination of Aconitum， which provides a new method for the study of ethnomedicine.

Objective:To explore the research status, research focus and development trend of nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China.Methods:The article on nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China was systematically retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and WanFang Data, and the retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to June 2022. CiteSpace was used to analyze the amount of articles, authors, institutions, funds and keywords, and draw a knowledge map.Results:A total of 890 articles were included. The number of articles and the support of national level funds were growing. The cooperation network among authors was extensive but not deep enough, and a core group of authors was not formed. A core journal group was formed. The research institute with the largest number of articles was the School of Nursing of Peking University. The article was mainly distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other first tier cities. The high-frequency keywords were "combination of medical care and nursing care" "supply" "demand" "talent training" and " care service for the aged", which could be clustered into 11 tags. The keyword cluster atlas showed that the combination of medical care and nursing care had always been the mainstream research direction in the field of nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China. "Qualitative research" "rural care for the aged " "care model for the aged " and "care industry for the aged " would become the emerging development trend in this field.Conclusions:The research on the nursing human resource allocation in nursing homes in China is growing. The research focuses on the combination of medical care and nursing care, talent training, care industry for the aged, and the supply and demand of care service for the aged. In the future, we should take the combination of medical care and nursing care as the leading mode, constantly improve our elderly care service system, build a nursing human resource allocation mode with Chinese characteristics in nursing homes, and promote the healthy aging development of society.

Objective:To understand the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi province.Methods:The incidence data of COVID-19 reported in Shaanxi as of 22 February, 2020 were collected for an epidemiological descriptive analysis.Results:A total of 245 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported in Shaanxi. Most cases were mild (87.76%). As time passed, the areas where confirmed cases were reported continued to increase. The case number in Xi’an was highest, accounting for nearly half of the total reported cases in the province. The epidemic pattern in Shaanxi had gradually shifted from imported case pattern to local case pattern, and the transmission of local cases was mainly based on family cluster transmission. The confirmed cases from different sources had caused the secondary transmission in Shaanxi. After February 7, the number of reported cases began to fluctuate and decrease stably, indicating a decrease-to-zero period.Conclusions:At present, the overall epidemic of COVID-19 in Shaanxi has gradually been mitigated. However, considering the approaching of return to work and study and the increasing of imported cases from other countries, the prevention and control of COVIS-19 in Shaanxi will face new challenges.

Objective To establish a non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation model in Bama miniature pigs with high repeatability and stability. Methods Twelve Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into the donor group (n=6) and recipient group (n=6). Pigs underwent non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation. The time of anhepatic phase during operation was shortened, blood pressure during anhepatic phase was stably maintained, and management of anesthesia and body fluid during operation were strengthened. The operation time, anhepatic phase and survival status of the recipients were observed and recorded. The intraoperative heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and changes in arterial blood gas analysis were monitored. The perioperative liver function was evaluated. Results Among 6 Bama miniature pigs, 1 died from transplantation failure intraoperatively. The operation time of the remaining 5 pigs was (247±27) min and the time of anhepatic phase was (46±4) min. Three animals survived for more than 2 weeks. Compared with the preanhepatic phase, the heart rate of the animals was significantly faster, MAP was considerably reduced to (46±6) mmHg, blood pH value, base excess (BE) and HCO₃^- level were all significantly decreased and serum level of K⁺ was significantly elevated during the anhepatic phase (all P < 0.05). In the neohepatic phase, MAP of Bama miniature pigs was significantly increased, heart rate was dramatically slower.Blood pH value, BE, HCO₃^- level were significantly increased and serum level of K⁺ was significantly declined (all P < 0.05). During abdominal closure, MAP, blood gas indexes and serum level of K⁺ were almost recovered to those in the preanhepatic phase. Compared with preoperative levels, the levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were significantly increased after operation (all P < 0.05), the change in AST was the most obvious, and it gradually decreased at postoperative 2 d. The level of γ-gutamyl transferase(GGT) did not significantly elevated. The level of total bilirubin (TB) was evidently elevated at postoperative 5 d. Compared with the preoperative levels, the levels of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly decreased after operation (both P < 0.05), and began to gradually increase at postoperative 1 d. Conclusions The non-venous bypass orthotopic liver transplantation model of Bama miniature pig is convenient, with highly reproducible and survival rate, which can be utilized as a standardized liver transplantation model.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound BAM15 on the primary hepatocyte injury induced by cold storage in rats. Methods The primary rat hepatocytes were extracted by collagenase perfusion method. According to different cell culture conditions, the cells were divided into 4 groups: group A (Hibernate cell culture solution containing 250 nmol/L BAM15), group B (Hibernate cell culture solution containing 500 nmol/L BAM15), group C (Hibernate cell culture solution containing 1 000 nmol/ L BAM15), control group (Hibernate cell culture solution). The cells of each group were cryopreserved for 12 h. The purity of primary hepatocytes was observed under fluorescence microscope. The changes in the cell proliferation ability, cell apoptosis rate and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured in each group. Results The cell proliferation ability in groups B and C was significantly higher than that in the control group (both P < 0.05). The apoptosis rates in groups A, B and C were (33.7±2.2)%, (19.7±1.1)% and (28.7±1.2)%, which were significantly lower than (82.7±4.2)% in the control group (all P < 0.05). The positive rates of intracellular ROS in groups A, B and C were (11.8±4.0)%, (7.6±1.3)% and (8.9±1.6)%, remarkably lower than (27.4±4.5)% in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Compound BAM15 can effectively mitigate the primary hepatocyte injury in rats induced by cryopreservation. The underlying mechanism is probably associated with the role of BAM15 in reducing ROS generation during cold ischemia.

Objective To explore the clinical and technical essentials of hepatic arterial segmentation and reconstruction during split liver transplantation using pediatric deceased donor .Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 15 pediatric deceased donor aged 4 .6-16 .3 years undergoing split liver transplantation from July 2017 to March 2019 .The donors were DBD (donation after brain death ,n=13) and DCD(donor after cardiac death ,n=2) .Thirty split liver transplantations were performed using these 15 pediatric deceased donors .The receptors were adult + child (n=5) and child + child recipients (n=10) . According to the Michels' classification ,the clinical types were I (n= 13) ,V (n= 1) and VI (n= 1) . Hepatic arterial segmentation :In type I hepatic arterial type donor liver ,proper hepatic artery was retained in right trilobar liver (n=8) ,low-age (< 7 years) donor liver (n=5) ,retaining proper hepatic artery in left liver & reconstructing right trilobe directly using right hepatic artery trunk (n= 4) .Methods of hepatic artery reconstruction :8-0 Prolene string was utilized under 4 .5 times magnifying glass for reconstructing hepatic artery in recipients aged under 4 years .Results Hepatic arterial segmentation and reconstruction were successfully completed .Hepatic arterial thrombosis occurred in 2 ./25 ecipients .The overall incidence of hepatic arterial complications was 6 .67％ .Conclusions For reducing the occurrence of arterial complications , arterial segmentation and reconstruction in pediatric deceased donor should be performed according to the size of donor liver and the characteristics of hepatic arterial classification .

Objective To establish a real-time monitoring system for hospital special drugs based on internet of things. Methods According to the regulations of special drug administration, combining with the internet of things technology, realtime management of drugs in terms of purchasing, receiving, using and reporting loss recovery were realized. Results After the special drug management system was used, intelligent management of drug use, inventory supervision, application management and prescription audit was realized. Conclusion Establishnment of special medical institutions and drug dynamic supervision information platform and system can realize the whole process of the traceability management, not only improving the work efficiency, also improving the drug safety and management level.

Lysosomes are degradation and signaling centers within the cell, and their dysfunction impairs a wide variety of cellular processes. To understand the cellular effect of lysosome damage, we screened natural small-molecule compounds that induce lysosomal abnormality using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model system. A group of vobasinyl-ibogan type bisindole alkaloids (ervachinines A-D) were identified that caused lysosome enlargement in C. elegans macrophage-like cells. Intriguingly, these compounds triggered cell death in the germ line independently of the canonical apoptosis pathway. In mammalian cells, ervachinines A-D induced lysosomal enlargement and damage, leading to leakage of cathepsin proteases, inhibition of autophagosome degradation and necrotic cell death. Further analysis revealed that this ervachinine-induced lysosome damage and lysosomal cell death depended on STAT3 signaling, but not RIP1 or RIP3 signaling. These findings suggest that lysosome-damaging compounds are promising reagents for dissecting signaling mechanisms underlying lysosome homeostasis and lysosome-related human disorders.
Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Death ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Lysosomes ; drug effects ; pathology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects