Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1(TRPV1) channel is a non-selective ligand-gated cationic channel with multiple activation mechanisms in the transient receptor potential subfamily. In recent years, a large number of studies have found that TRPV1 plays an important role in the field of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. With the in-depth study of traditional Chinese medicine, it has been found that Chinese medicine monomers and their active components can activate or inhibit TRPV1 channels, which has certain potential in the study of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the role of TRPV1 channel in cardiovascular diseases and the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases based on TRPV1 channel are reviewed, in order to provide new ideas for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular system diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a child with mental retardation. METHODS: Whole exome sequencing was carried out for the child. Candidate variant was screened based on his clinical features and verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The child was found to harbor a c.995_1002delAGACAAAA(p.Asp332AlafsTer84) frameshift variant in the SYNGAP1 gene. Bioinformatic analysis suggested it to be pathogenic. The same variant was not detected in either parent. CONCLUSION The c.995_1002delAGACAAAA(p.Asp332AlafsTer84) frameshift variant of the SYNGAP1 gene probably underlay the mental retardation in this child. Above finding has expanded the spectrum of SYNGAP1 gene variants and provided a basis for the diagnosis and treatment for this child.
Child ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/genetics* ; Frameshift Mutation ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Computational Biology ; Heterozygote ; Mutation ; ras GTPase-Activating Proteins/genetics*

Objective:To understand and explore the incidence and influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology of a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen from March 1 to August 31, 2021 were enrolled. Indicators related to nutrition and clinical outcome were collected, including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002) results, malnutrition diagnosis as per Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chi-square test, t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used as appropriate for univariate analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results:A total of 188 patients were included in this survey. There were 145 (77.1%) patients with no malnutrition, 38 (20.2%) with moderate malnutrition, and 5 (2.7%) with severe malnutrition according to GLIM criteria. In the subgroup of 47 ulcerative colitis patients, 12 (25.5%) were with moderate malnutrition and 3 (3.4%) were with severe malnutrition. In the subgroup of 141 Crohn's disease patients, 26 (18.4%) were with moderate malnutrition and 2 (1.4%) were with severe malnutrition. When divided by the presence or absence of malnutrition, there were statistically significant differences in age ( t = -2.237, P = 0.026), disease stage ( χ 2 = 22.299, P < 0.001), history of digestive tract resection ( χ 2 = 6.890, P = 0.009), intestinal infection ( χ 2 = 4.010, P = 0.045), gastrointestinal symptoms ( χ 2 =11.884, P = 0.001), hemoglobin ( t = 5.160, P < 0.001), serum albumin ( t = 3.96, P < 0.001), prealbumin ( t = 5.061, P < 0.001) and PSQI scores ( t = -4.744, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the stage of disease, history of partial resection of digestive tract, gastrointestinal symptoms, hemoglobin, prealbumin and PSQI scores were the main influencing factors of malnutrition. Conclusions:IBD patients at older age, at active stage, and with history of partial digestive tract resection, intestinal infection, gastrointestinal symptoms, low hemoglobin, low serum albumin, low prealbumin and poor sleep quality are more likely to develop malnutrition. Timely intervention should be carried out to improve the nutritional status of these patients.

Objective:To observe the effect of rich environmental rehabilitation training on the physical system and ner-vous system development of newboms with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE). Method:Sixty-one HIE newboms were divided into the observation group(n=31)and the control group(n=30).The control group was given the routine clinical treatment and care,and the observation group was supplemented with enriched environmental rehabilitation training on the basis of the control group for 3 weeks.The body length and weight,and the head circumference of the two groups were measured to assess the physical development at admis-sion and 3 weeks after the intervention,and the neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)and test of in-fant motor performance(TIMP)were used to evaluate the neurological development and motor function. Result:After the intervention,the changes of body length and weight changes in the observed group were bet-ter than the control group(P＜0.05),no significant difference in head circumference(P＞0.05),and the NB-NA score and TIMP score were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion:The application of rich environmental rehabilitation training can promote the rapid development of physique and nervous system of the newboms with HIE and improve the motor function.

【Objective】 To observe the inactivation effect of a new low-temperature plasma air disinfector on microorganisms in the natural environment and artificial contaminated environment so as to further determine the minimum effective processing parameters. 【Methods】 First， in 0.5 m³ of super clean workbench and 1.05 m³ airtight organic glass cavity in the body， the new low-temperature plasma air disinfector developed was used to inactivate the natural bacteria in the air under different parameters. Then in 1.05 m³ airtight organic glass cavity in the body， the new low-temperature plasma air disinfector was used to treat the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli under the condition of artificial bacteria spraying. Last， the plate counting method was used to evaluate the inactivation effect of the disinfector on natural bacteria and artificial bacteria in the air. 【Results】 For the low-temperature plasma air disinfector in 0.5 m³ and 1.05 m³ confined space， the lowest effective treatment parameters for inactivated natural bacteria were 13 kV， 5 min or 12 kV， 10 min. For the low-temperature plasma air disinfection machine in 13 kV discharge voltage treatment of different time， compared with before treatment， the killing rate of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus increased significantly after treatment for 20 min （P<0.000 1）. Both could meet the requirements of disinfection specifications ［100%， （99.98±0.01）%≥99.90%］. 【Conclusion】 The inactivation of natural bacteria and artificial bacteria by the new low-temperature plasma air disinfector has reached the qualified standard of disinfection stipulated in Technical Specifications for Disinfection.

Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is one of the commonly seen spinal surgery diseases. For well-diagnosed and well-located cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, surgical intervention can effectively alleviate symptoms. With the wide application of minimally invasive surgical techniques, the requirements for precise preoperative orientation of responsible segments have increased, especially in multisegmental cervical spondylotic radiculopathy cases. However, due to the cutaneous pain distribution is often atypical, magnetic resonance imaging and neurological examinations may be not reliable enough for accurate location preoperatively which may fail to get a satisfactory surgical outcome. Selective nerve root block (SNRB) in preoperative localization of responsible nerve roots in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy has gradually increased. Yet this technology has been mostly used by anesthesiologists or radiologists, this field in minimally invasive spinal surgery is relatively blank. As we know, there is no previous review summarized the commonly used approaches of SNRB, the risk factors relating to complications, and the local precise blood vessels anatomy. In summary, we believe that combination these series of points with the necessity of preoperative precise location in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy may increase the safety of cervical SNRB. The keywords about "cervical" and "selective nerve root block" have been used in English and Chinese literature databases. The articles were filtrated by title, abstract and full text. There were 21 articles taken in the review. We summarized the history and distinction of different approaches including anterior lateral approach, lateral approach, posterior lateral approach, dorsal "direct" approach and dorsal 'indirect' approach, and described the indication of each approach. As well as the factors associating with catastrophic complications in cervical SNRB, for instance, the vascular distribution relating to vascular mistaken injection, steroid kind selection because large steroid particle may block some thin but vital arteries. In addition to cervical local blood vessels distribution and variation, the needle trajectory also played a key role in the complications of SNRB. Besides, other controversy points, such as whether use contrast media or not, the importance of the lateral position of the cervical spine, etc., were discussed in this review based on clinical researches. The purpose of the present study is hoping to provide some references for spine surgeons to apply SNRB technology more safely.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and treatment strategy of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of ex-tra-appendiceal origin. Methods: Clinical data of 34 patients diagnosed with PMP of extra-appendiceal origin who were treated by cy-toreduction surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the Aerospace Center Hospital from September 2011 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and imaging features were summarized and the Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Results: The clinical manifestations of the 34 patients with PMP of extra-appendiceal origin were mainly abdomi-nal distension (58.8%) and abdominal pelvic mass (52.9%), which are very similar to those of appendiceal PMP. The incidence of main complications after CRS and HIPEC was 14.7%. During the follow-up period of a median of 12 months (range 1-46 months), 9 patients died, and the 1-and 3-year overall survival rates were 69.6% and 53.5%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, peritoneal cancer in-dex (PCI)>20, no HIPEC, and non-radical surgery were significant risk factors for poor prognosis, while gender, age, origin, and patho-logical type did not show significant correlations. Conclusions: The clinical features of PMP of extra-appendiceal origin are not differ-ent to those of PMP originating from the appendix. It is difficult to ascertain the primary lesion before the operation; however, regard-less of the origin, CRS combined with HIPEC is always a safe and effective treatment choice.

Objective To compare the different doses of low-temperature plasma (LTP) on wound healing in BALB/c mice so as to discuss the effects of the optimal dose of low-temperature plasma dealing with wound in mice and the acting mechanism of wound healing.Methods Adoptatmospheric pressure plasma jet discharged by the dielectric barrier was used to treat mouse skin wound.According to the processing time, the wounds were divided into 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s experimental groups, while naturally healing wounds served as negative controls and the wounds dealt with recombinant human epidermal growth factor served as positive controls.We recorded the wound size every day, observed the histopathological changes, the expression level of type Ⅰ collagen by immunofluorescence, and analyzed the composition of low-temperature plasma jet.Results The wounds with plasma treatment time of 10s, 20s, 30s, and 40s showed significant daily improvement and almost complete closure at days 12, 10, 7, 13, respectively.However, the wounds with plasma treatment time of 50s remained unhealed atday 14.The wounds in positive control group all healed, and the wound healing effect in positive control group could be achieved in 30s group.HE staining and immunofluorescence staining assays showed the optimal result of epidermal cell regeneration, granulation tissue hyperplasia, and collagen deposition in histological aspect at day 7 in 30 s group.The low-temperature plasma jet contained highly reactive free radicals of nitrogen and oxygen, which play an important role in wound healing process.Conclusion Appropriate doses of cold plasma can accelerate wound healing whereas over-doses of plasma can suppress wound healing.The process of wound healing may be related to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in LTP.

Background and purpose:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a peptide that participates in many biological processes by stimulating the downstream signaling pathways through their interaction with IGF-1 re-ceptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR). Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of functional proteins which participate in the biological processes of proliferation and migration in many kinds of cancers and have become a hot area of cancer research. The study aimed to investigate the effects of silencingIGF-1R gene on the expression level ofBMP2 gene, and the cell proliferation and apoptosis of SMMC7721 cells.Methods:The RNAi plasmid targetingIGF-1R gene was constructed and transfected into SMMC7721 cells. Then the inhibition effect on the expression level of IGF-1R and BMP2 gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The SMMC7721 growth curve and cell apoptosis were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry after they were transfected with RNAi plasmid.Results:The RNAi plasmid targetingIGF-1R gene was constructed successfully. The inhibition efficiencies at mRNA expression levels were 68.9% and 80.7% (IGF-1R gene), 79.5% and 83.3% (BMP2 gene), respectively, after transfection with IGF-1R-siRNA-1 and IGF-1R-siRNA-2 plasmid (P<0.05). The inhibition efficiencies at protein levels were 46.1% and 62.1% (IGF-1R gene,P<0.05), 42.5% and 60.9% (BMP2 gene,P<0.05), respectively. The results of MTT growth curve showed that the proliferation rate in the transfected SMMC7721 cells was significantly slower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of apoptotic cells in transfected groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:SilencingIGF-1R gene can downregulate the expression ofBMP2 gene at different levels that results in inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in SMMC7721 cells.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of patients with gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals in 5 Northwestern provinces (autonomous region) of China from 2009 to 2013.

METHODSA total of 2 379 cases with gallbladder cancer in 17 tertiary hospitals from 5 Northwestern provinces of China from January 2009 to December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical data was collected by standardized "Questionnaire for Clinical Survey of Gallbladder Cancer in Northwestern Area of China". χ² test was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS(1) Gallbladder cancer from 17 hospitals accounted for 1.6%-6.8% of all bile tract diseases from 2009 to 2013 in Northwestern China, average was 2.7%. Gallbladder cancer accounted for 0.4%-0.9% of abdominal surgery, average was 0.7%. (2) The incidence of gallbladder cancer was higher in the aged females, the ration of female to male was 1.0 to 2.1. The average age of gallbladder cancer was (64 ± 11) years. The occupation of patients was mainly farmers (χ² = 147.10, P < 0.01). (3) 57.2% of the gallbladder cancers were associated with gallstones. (4) The main pathological patterns of gallbladder cancer were moderate and poor differentiated adenocarcinoma, showing an aggressive malignancy. TNM stage IV accounted for 55.1% of all cases, which was associated with the poor prognosis. (5) The curative resection rate was 30.4%.

CONCLUSIONSGallbladder cancer is common in the aged females and mainly at advanced stage. The screening and follow-up of high-risk groups with ultrasound and other methods regularly could increase the early diagnosis rate of gallbladder cancer, aggressive surgical resection combined with other comprehensive treatment could improve the prognosis of patients.

Adenocarcinoma ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Gallstones ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies