Objective: To explore the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, providing scientific evidences for the prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods: A total of 2 432 mother-child pairs with maternal lipid tests during pregnancy and offspring s physical growth data at 3 years of age were included from the Borin in Guangzhou Cohort Study up to September 2021. Lipid indicators, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), were measured at 13-19 +6 weeks (mid pregnancy) and 32-39 +6 weeks (late pregnancy). Children s body mass index (BMI) Z score were calculated according to the World Health Organization s growth standards for children under 5 years old. The lipid Z score were divided into four quartiles: Q 1, Q 2, Q 3 and Q 4. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and offspring’s BMI Z score at 3 years of age. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was employed to evaluate the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the at risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, after adjusting for maternal age at conception, education level, parity, pre pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes mellitus. Results: There was a statistically significnt difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity risk among children with different mothers s pre pregnancy BMI ( χ 2=22.85, P <0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that TG levels in late pregnancy were positively related to BMI Z score ( β=0.10, 95%CI=0.02-0.18, P <0.05). Poisson regression with a robust error variance indicated that, compared with the Q 1 group of TC, the Q 4 group of TC in mid pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.59, 95%CI =1.04-2.44); compared with the Q 1 group of TG, the Q 4 group of TG during late pregnancy increased the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.79, 95%CI =1.02-3.12) (both P <0.05). Conclusions Maternal serum TC level during mid pregnancy can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age. Maternal serum TG levels during late pregnancy is positively correlated with BMI and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age.

【Objective】 To identify the specificity of alloantibody against high-frequency antigens in one case suffering with severe hemolytic diseases of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) and to screen for matching blood for transfusion. 【Methods】 The HDFN test and the antibody serological identification tests in the mother were performed. Several common high frequency antigens of maternal red blood cells (RBCs) were determined. IgG subtype coated on the RBCs of the newborn was determined. The phagocytic efficiency of the antibody was tested using the monocyte phagocytosis of sensitized erythrocyte by flow cytometry in vitro. Sanger sequencing of DI gene was performed in the mother, father and mother’s brother. The diluted maternal plasma was used for large scale screening of matching blood using IAT in Coomb’s gel card. 【Results】 Di(b-) phenotype was identified in the mother of the newborn and anti-Di^b (titer: 512) related HDN was detected in the newborn. IgG1 and IgG2 subtypes of anti-Di^b were detected and the rate of monocyte phagocytosis was 88.83%(74.7/84.09). The compatible blood was not detected in the maternal relatives. Subsequently, the newborn received the matching RBCs of two Di(b-) donors identified from 5 520 blood donors and discharged from the hospital. We screened out 17 Di(b-) donors out of 51 334 blood donors, indicating that the distribution frequency of Di(b-) among blood donors in Guangzhou was about 0.033% (17/51 334). 【Conclusion】 By serology and molecular biology methods, the newborn was identified with HDFN caused by anti-Di^b, and an effective large-scale screening method for Di (b -) rare blood types was established to find matching blood, which supported the establishment of rare Di(b-) blood database.

Objective To establish a method to simultaneously determinate cobalt, nickel, arsenic, molybdenum, silver, cadmium and lead in blood and urine using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS). Methods The blood samples were diluted 20 times with a mixed solution of nitric acid (0.10% V/V) and Triton X-100 (0.02% V/V). The urine samples were diluted 10 times with nitric acid (1.00% V/V). Yttrium-89, rhodium-103, and lutetium-175 were used as internal standards to decrease matrix interference, and either On-Mass mode or Mass-Shift mode was used to decrease mass spectrometry interference, with detection by ICP-MS/MS. Results The linear ranges of the seven elements were 0.100-10.000 μg/L, with the correlation coefficient >0.999 9. The detection limits for the seven elements in the blood and urine were 0.003-0.021 and 0.003-0.031 μg/L, respectively, and the minimum quantification limits were 0.009-0.064 and 0.009-0.094 μg/L, respectively. The recovery rates were 96.64%-102.90% and 96.34%-104.50% for the blood and urine, respectively. The within-run relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 0.32%-2.33% and 0.25%-2.31%, and the between-run RSDs were 1.07%-3.81% and 1.30%-3.62% for blood and urine, respectively. The samples were stable at 4 ℃ for at least 14 days. Conclusion ICP-MS/MS is a simple, sensitive, and accurate method for rapid detection of seven heavy metal elements in the blood and urine of occupational hazard-exposed workers.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a common malignancy in the Asia-Pacific region， especially in China， where the morbidity remains high in spite of the improved overall survival due to advances in medical technology. Immunotherapy becomes a hot spot in recent tumor research when it has provided significant survival benefits in patients with advanced malignant tumors， such as lung cancer， breast cancer， colon cancer， etc. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma， immunotherapy promotes survival benefit as well. However， because of the complex and changeable biological functions and gene expression regulation of malignant tumors， the conclusions based on a single-omics analysis are often incomprehensive. Currently， most of the immune-related studies on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are still confined to a single-omics study like genomics， with limitations and one-sidedness. Since multi-omics analysis helps us better understand tumors from a wider and deeper perspective， this review explores and summarizes immune-related features of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from a multi-omics perspective.

The cases of feeling comfort during acupuncture and moxibustion treatment in literature were summarized and its biological basis was explored. A simple classification of comfort was made, and the importance of obtaining comfort in acupuncture treatment was pointed out. Considering the pursuit of less pain and harmlessness in modern clinical treatment, sugar needle should be advocated and popularized in current clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Sugars ; Moxibustion ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Emotions ; Needles

Atherosclerosis(AS) is the key pathological basis of coronary heart disease(CHD), and lipid infiltration is a classical theory to explain the pathological mechanism of AS. The theory highlights that the occurrence and development of AS are closely related to abnormal lipid metabolism, with the essence of the pathological reaction caused by the invasion of lipids into arterial intima from plasma. Phlegm and blood stasis are physiologically homologous and subject to pathological co-existence. Phlegm-blood stasis correlation is the basic theory to explain the pathogenesis characteristics of CHD and has important guiding significance for revealing the mecha-nism of lipid infiltration of CHD. Phlegm is the pathological product of abnormal metabolism of Qi, blood, and body fluid, and a gene-ral summary of a series of abnormally expressed lipid substances. Among them, turbid phlegm invades the heart vessels, gradually accumulates, and condenses to achieve the qualitative change from "invisible pathogen" to "tangible pathogen", which corresponds to the mechanism of lipid migration and deposition in the intima of blood vessels, and is the starting factor of the disease. Blood stasis is the continuous development of phlegm, and it is a result of pathological states such as decreased blood fluidity, increased blood coagulation, and abnormal rheology. The fact that blood stasis caused by phlegm accords with the pathological process of "lipid abnormality-circulatory disturbance" and is the central link of the disease. Phlegm and blood stasis aggravate each other and lead to indissoluble cementation. The phlegm-blood stasis combination serves as common pathogen to trigger the disease, which is the inevitable outcome of the disease. Based on the phlegm-blood stasis correlation theory, the simultaneous treatment of phlegm and blood stasis is established. It is found that this therapy can simultaneously regulate blood lipid, reduce blood viscosity, and improve blood circulation, which can fundamentally cut off the biological material basis of the reciprocal transformation between phlegm and blood stasis, thus exerting a significant curative effect.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Coronary Disease ; Mucus ; Atherosclerosis ; Lipids

OBJECTIVE: To explore the carrier rate, genotype and phenotype of α-thalassemia fusion gene in Huadu district of Guangzhou, Guangdong province of China, and provide data reference for the prevention and control of thalassemia. METHODS: A total of 10 769 samples who were screened for thalassemia in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huadu District from July 2019 to November 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Blood cell analysis and hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis were performed. Thalassemia genes were analyzed by gap-PCR and PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization (PCR-RDB). RESULTS: A total of 9 cases with α-thalassemia fusion gene were detected in 10 769 samples (0.08%). There were 7 cases with fusion gene heterozygote, 1 case with compound of α-thalassemia fusion gene and Hb G-Honolulu, 1 case with compound of α-thalassemia fusion gene and Hb QS. The MCV results of 4 samples of blood cell analysis were within the reference range, the Hb A2 value of 1 case was decreased, and there were no other abnormalities found. CONCLUSION The α-thalassemia fusion gene is common in Huadu district of Guangzhou, and heterozygotes are more common, and current screening methods easily lead to misdiagnosis.
Humans ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Genotype ; Phenotype ; Heterozygote ; China ; Mutation

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether casticin (CAS) suppresses stemness in cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) obtained from human cervical cancer (CCSLCs) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Spheres from HeLa and CaSki cells were used as CCSLCs. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) activity and mRNA levels, self-renewal capability (Nanog and Sox2), and cancer stem cell markers (CD133 and CD44), were detected by a colorimetric DNMT activity/inhibition assay kit, quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, sphere and colony formation assays, and immunoblot, respectively. Knockdown and overexpression of DNMT1 by transfection with shRNA and cDNA, respectively, were performed to explore the mechanism for action of CAS (0, 10, 30, and 100 nmol/L). RESULTS: DNMT1 activity was increased in CCSLCs compared with HeLa and CaSki cells (P<0.05). In addition, HeLa-derived CCSLCs transfected with DNMT1 shRNA showed reduced sphere and colony formation abilities, and lower CD133, CD44, Nanog and Sox2 protein expressions (P<0.05). Conversely, overexpression of DNMT1 in HeLa cells exhibited the oppositive effects. Furthermore, CAS significantly reduced DNMT1 activity and transcription levels as well as stemness in HeLa-derived CCSLCs (P<0.05). Interestingly, DNMT1 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effect of CAS on stemness. As expected, DNMT1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of CAS on stemness in HeLa cells. CONCLUSION CAS effectively inhibits stemness in CCSLCs through suppression of DNMT1 activation, suggesting that CAS acts as a promising preventive and therapeutic candidate in cervical cancer.
Female ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; HeLa Cells ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism* ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism*

Humans ; COVID-19/genetics* ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics* ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/genetics* ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; RNA, Viral/genetics*

The twenty-first century has already recorded more than ten major epidemics or pandemics of viral disease, including the devastating COVID-19. Novel effective antivirals with broad-spectrum coverage are urgently needed. Herein, we reported a novel broad-spectrum antiviral compound PAC5. Oral administration of PAC5 eliminated HBV cccDNA and reduced the large antigen load in distinct mouse models of HBV infection. Strikingly, oral administration of PAC5 in a hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 omicron (BA.1) infection significantly decreases viral loads and attenuates lung inflammation. Mechanistically, PAC5 binds to a pocket near Asp49 in the RNA recognition motif of hnRNPA2B1. PAC5-bound hnRNPA2B1 is extensively activated and translocated to the cytoplasm where it initiates the TBK1-IRF3 pathway, leading to the production of type I IFNs with antiviral activity. Our results indicate that PAC5 is a novel small-molecule agonist of hnRNPA2B1, which may have a role in dealing with emerging infectious diseases now and in the future.
Animals ; Mice ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology* ; COVID-19 ; Hepatitis B virus ; Interferon Type I/metabolism* ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects* ; Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B/antagonists & inhibitors*