Objective:Migraine and tremor share some genetic mutation sites,and clinical studies have also confirmed their correlation.This study aims to explore the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of migraine patients with concomitant tremor,and to analyze the relevant influential factors of tremor occurrence. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 217 migraine patients who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from June 2022 to October 2023.The Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor(CRST),Numerical Rating Scale(NRS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)were respectively used to assess the tremor symptoms,degree of headache,anxiety,and depression of patients.All patients underwent routine head MR scanning and electromyography examination,and were divided into a migraine with tremor group and a migraine without tremor group based on the electromyogram examination. Results:The migraine with tremor group and the migraine without tremor group were included 52 patients(23.96%)and 165 patients(76.04%),respectively.Compared with the migraine without tremor group,the migraine with tremor group had a longer course and duration of headache,higher frequency of headache attacks,higher NRS score,GAD-7 score,and PHQ-9 score,and fewer weekly physical exercises.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the presence or absence of prodromal headache and white matter hyperintensities(WMHs)between the 2 groups(both P>0.05).The evaluation results of the CRST showed that out of 217 migraine patients,39 patients(17.97%)were accompanied by tremors.The electromyographic results showed that all 52 migraine patients with tremors had upper limb tremors,including 28 migraine patients with postural tremors and 24 migraine patients with static tremors.Compared with the migraine patients with static tremors,the migraine patients with postural tremors had lower average frequency,peak frequency,and headache onset frequency(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that frequency of physical exercise,duration of illness,frequency of headache attacks,NRS score,GAD-7 score,and PHQ-9 score were risk factors for migraine patients with concomitant tremors(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Patients with migraine mainly experience upper limb postural tremors.Reduced physical exercise,long course of disease,long duration of headache,frequent headache attacks,severe headache,anxiety,and depression are risk factors for migraine patients with concomitant tremors.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperactivity behavior in children aged 3-6 in Yunnan Province, to explore its relationship with neuropsychological development, so as to provide clues for early prevention and intervention of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 1 321 children aged 3 to 6 from 10 kindergartens in 5 prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province were selected by stratified random sampling method from October 2022 to May 2023. Teacher Rating Scale (TRS) was used to investigate childrens hyperactive behavior and coexistent behavior. A qualified evaluator applied the Developmental Scale for Children Aged 0-6 Years to assess the development of 5 ability areas of gross motor movement，fine movement，adaptive ability，language and social behavior. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and χ2 test. Binary Logistic regression was applied to analyze the score of their hyperactivity behavior and its relationship with other behavior problems and neuropsychological development. Results: The detection rate of hyperactivity behavior was 8.6% in children aged 3 to 6 years, 12.8% in boys and 4.1% in girls (χ2=31.53, P<0.01). The detection rate of hyperactivity in 3yearold children was 13.9%, which was higher than that in 4yearold (9.2%) and 5yearold children (7.0%) (χ2=8.73, P<0.05). The detection rate of inattentionpassivity of rural children (14.6%) was higher than that of urban children (5.9%) (χ2=22.23, P<0.01). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the level of adaptive development, the lower the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.58, 95%CI=0.39-0.86), the higher the risk of hyperactivity (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.35-0.91), the higher the risk of conduct problems (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.37-0.87), inattentionpassivity (OR=0.49, 95%CI=0.33-0.74) were also at lower risk (P<0.05). Children with higher levels of fine motor development had a lower risk of inattentionpassivity (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.37-0.93, P<0.05). Conclusions Hyperactivity in boys and inattentionpassivity in rural children requires more attention. It is necessary to strengthen childrens early adaptive ability and fine motor training to prevent hyperactive behavior and inattention.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of Ganmai Dazao Tang on breast cancer-related depression and explore the mechanism of the decoction in regulating immune inflammation and neurotransmitters via the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） pathway. MethodBALB/c mice were randomized into control， model， fluoxetine （5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and low- and high-dose （crude drug 20 and 40 g·kg^-1， respectively） Ganmai Dazao Tang groups （n=10）. The mouse model of 4T1 orthotopic transplantation-induced breast cancer-related depression-like behavior was established. The depression-like behavior of mice was assessed by the tail suspension test and the forced swimming test. RT-qPCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of interleukin （IL）-17A， forkhead box P3 （FoxP3），IL-1β， IL-6， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the cerebral cortex. Flow cytometry was employed to measure the proportions of immune cell subsets in the spleen and thymus. HPLC-MS/MS was employed to measure neurotransmitter levels in the cerebral cortex. Western blotting was employed to detect the activation of the MAPK/NF-κB pathway. ResultCompared with the model group， administration of Ganmai Dazao Tang at a dose of 40 g crude drug·kg^-1 continuously for 4 weeks shortened the immobility time of modeled mice in the tail suspension and forced swimming tests （P<0.05）， down-regulated the mRNA levels of IL-1β， IL-17A， and TNF-α （P<0.05）， increased the proportions of T cells， CD4⁺ T cells， B cells， helper T 17 （Th17） cells， and regulatory T （Treg） cells， and reduced the proportion of CD8⁺ T cells （P<0.05）. Furthermore， it lowered the levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid （5-HIAA） and kynurenine （Kyn）， decreased the kynurenine/tryptophan （Kyn/Trp） ratio （P<0.05）， increased the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， and down-regulated the protein levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase （p-ERK）， phosphorylated p38 MAPK， and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB p65 （P<0.05）. ConclusionGanmai Dazao Tang can down-regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β， IL-17A， and TNF-α， restore 5-HT metabolism and Kyn/Trp balance， increase the 5-HT content， and reduce the activation of p38 MAPK， ERK， and the MAPK-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce neuroinflammation in the treatment of cancer-related depression.

The 19 th Chinese Symposium of Burns and Wounds was successfully held in Foshan of Guangdong Province from June 20 th to 22 nd in 2024. There were more than 700 delegates attending the academic event. The theme of the congress was expansion, integration and standardization, which could promote academic exchanges, multi-disciplinary fusion, and standardization of clinical treatment of burns and wounds. A total of nearly 200 famous experts and scholars had their speeches on the two-day keynote forum and special academic seminars including critical care, wound repair, scar prevention and treatment, rehabilitation nursing, and disciplinary integration sessions. The congress ended successfully with abundant fruits and friendship.

Objective To investigate the effects of software follow-up mode application on stigma sense,social function and survival quality in the patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 100 inpa-tients with schizophrenia in the psychiatric department of this hospital from January to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the observation group(software follow-up)and the control group(telephone follow-up)according to different follow-up modes,50 cases in each group.At discharge from hospital and in 4,8,12 weeks after discharge,the Chinese version of Stigma Scale for Mental illness(SSMI-C)was adopted to evaluate the stigma sense of the patients,the Social Disability Screening Schedule(SDSS)was used to evaluate the patients'social function,the patients'survival quality was evaluated by the Generic Qual-ity of Life Inventory-74(GQOLI-74).The changes of above scores were compared between the two groups.Results The SSMI-C,SDSS and GQOLI-74 scores at discharge from hospital had no statistical difference be-tween the two groups(P＞0.05).Compared with at discharge from hospital,the SSMI-C and SDSS scores in 4,8,12 weeks of follow up in the two groups were decreased,the GQOLI-74 score was increased,moreover the scores of SSMI-c and SDSS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the GQOLI-74 score was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Conducting the regular follow-up on discharged patients with schizophrenia by the follow-up soft-ware could reduce the stigma of the patients,improve the social functional defect and improve the survival quality.

Objective:To develop a genotyping method for the Junior blood type and report on a rare blood type with Jr(a-).Methods:Healthy O-type RhD+ volunteer donors of the Shenzhen Blood Center from January to May 2021 ( n=1 568) and a pedigree with difficult cross-matching ( n=3) were selected as the study subjects. Serological methods were used for proband′s blood type identification, unexpected antibody identification, and antibody titer determination. Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method was used for typing the proband′s RHD gene. ABCG2 gene coding region sequencing and a PCR-SSP genotyping method were established for determining the genotypes of the proband and his family members and screening of Jra antigen-negative rare blood type among the 1 568 blood donors. Results:The proband′s ABO and RhD blood types were respectively determined as B and partial D (RHDDVI.3/RHD01N.01), Junior blood type Jra antigen was negative, and plasma had contained anti-D and anti-Jra. Sequencing of the ABCG2 gene revealed that the proband′s genotype was ABGG201N.01/ABGG201N.01 [homozygous c. 376C>T (p.Gln126X) variants], which is the most common Jr(a-) blood type allele in the Asian population. Screening of the voluntary blood donors has detected no Jr(a-) rare blood type. Statistical analysis of the heterozygotes suggested that the allelic frequency for ABCG2*01N.01 (c.376T) was 0.45%, and the frequency of Jr(a-) rare blood type with this molecular background was about 0.2‰. Conclusion:A very rare case of partial DVI.3 type and Jr(a-) rare blood type has been identified. And a method for identifying the Junior blood type through sequencing the coding regions of the ABCG2 gene and PCR-SSP has been established.

In the field of biomedicine,two-dimensional(2D)cell lines and animal models have played an im-portant role in the study of cell pathways and drug targets.However,due to species differences between humans and other animals,and the lack of hierarchy,cellular diversity,and cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions,2D cell lines could not ful-ly reflect what cells actually look like in the human body.Organoids are three-dimensional(3D)in vitro culture models de-rived from autologous tissue stem cells,which make up for the defects of 2D culture and can simulate the structure and function of real human organs to a certain extent,providing new ideas for disease diagnosis and treatment.Among them,lung organoids(LO)are a typical case studying the development process of human lung and the generation principle of lung diseases.Relevant studies have provided help for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis,lung cancer,lung injury and other diseases.This paper aims to summarize and analyze the research progress of lung organoids in recent years,and fur-ther summarize the application of LO in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of amlodipine besylate and benazepril hydrochloride tablets (II) in the treatment of primary hypertension.Methods:A total of 280 patients with primary hypertension who were treated at Shougang Shuigang Hospital between June 2022 and June 2023 were selected as study subjects. A clinical case-control study was conducted, and the RAND function method was utilized to randomly allocate the subjects into four groups, each receiving a different treatment: amlodipine besylate group (Group A, n = 70), benazepril hydrochloride group (Group B, n = 70), compound formulation amlodipine besylate and benazepril hydrochloride tablets group (Group C, n = 71), and amlodipine besylate plus benazepril hydrochloride group (Group D, n = 69). Relevant therapeutic indicators (blood pressure compliance rate, changes in blood pressure values) and safety indicators (adverse reactions, medication adherence) were observed. Results:The blood pressure compliance rates of Group C and Group D were 91.5% (65/71) and 89.9% (62/69), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 1.24, P = 0.143), but both were higher than the rates of 77.1% (54/70) and 74.3% (52/70) in Group A and Group B, respectively ( χ2 = 5.68, 4.86, P = 0.004, 0.012). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the four groups of patients (all P > 0.05). After treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the four groups compared with their pre-treatment levels (all P < 0.05). Specifically, Group C and Group D exhibited significant reductions in blood pressure following treatment ( t = 4.35, 5.12, 7.25, 5.86, all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure between Group C and Group D after treatment ( P > 0.05), while diastolic blood pressure was lower in Group C than Group D after treatment ( t = 6.01, P < 0.05). There was a significant downward trend observed in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (all P < 0.05). Notably, Group B and Group D reported higher incidences of dry cough, with 15 and 10 cases, respectively, compared with Group A and Group C, which had 1 and 3 cases, respectively. These differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.25, 5.04, both P < 0.05). Furthermore, the treatment compliance rates for Group A, Group B, and Group C were 72.9% (51/70), 71.4% (50/70), and 74.6% (53/71), respectively, all exceeding the 46.4% (32/69) compliance rate of Group D. These differences were also statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.68, 5.24, 4.98, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:The clinical efficacy and safety of the compound formulation amlodipine besylate and benazepril hydrochloride tablets (II) in the treatment of primary hypertension are superior to those of single tablets and combination therapy.

Background and Aims:In the era of minimally invasive surgery,the role of pancreatic tumor enucleation(PTE)in treating benign or low-grade malignant tumors is gaining attention.The Da Vinci robot offers advantages such as enhanced visualization and flexible instrument manipulation,which can ensure the safe implementation of PTE.However,whether robotic pancreatic tumor excision(RPTE)is superior to laparoscopic pancreatic tumor enucleation(LPTE)remains undetermined.Therefore,this study was performed to explore this aspect. Methods:The clinical data of 38 patients who underwent surgical treatment for benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2020 to May 2024 were collected.Among them,18 cases underwent RPTE(RPTE group),and 20 cases underwent LPTE(LPTE group).Relevant clinical variables were compared between the two groups,and subgroup comparisons were further conducted for patients with tumors in the head and neck/body/tail of the pancreas. Results:The average operative time for the entire group was 125 min,with an average intraoperative blood loss of 67.89 mL,and no C-grade pancreatic fistula occurred.The incidence rates of B-grade pancreatic fistula,postoperative bleeding,and readmission were 39.5％,21.1％,and 18.4％,respectively,with an average postoperative hospital stay of 11.44 d.Overall,the RPTE group had shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss than the LPTE group(both P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,intraoperative bleeding,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay(all P＞0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that for patients with head tumors,the RPTE group had shorter operative time,less intraoperative blood loss,and a lower incidence of postoperative bleeding than the LPTE group(all P＜0.05).However,the differences in the incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).In patients with neck/body/tail tumors,the RPTE group also had shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss(both P＜0.05),but the differences in incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,incidence of postoperative bleeding,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive PTE for the treatment of benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors is safe.Compared to LPTE,RPTE can significantly reduce operative time and intraoperative blood loss and shows certain advantages in reducing postoperative complications,particularly for patients with head tumors.However,the conclusion of this study needs to be confirmed by larger prospective studies.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Broncho-Vaxom combined with physiological sea water nasal wash in the treatment of chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in children. Methods A total of 179 children with chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis were randomly divided into observation group of 90 cases and control group of 89 cases. The observation group received treatment of oral administration of Broncho-Vaxom capsules at a dose of 3.5 mg once daily on an empty stomach in the morning for 10 consecutive days, with a 20-day drug-free period as one course of treatment, for a total of 3 courses. Additionally, they underwent nasal irrigation with physiological sea water twice daily in the morning and evening, for 10 consecutive days, with a 20-day break as one course of treatment, for a total of 3 courses. The control group underwent nasal irrigation with physiological sea water using the same method of the observation group. Both groups received symptomatic treatment such as anti-allergy therapy, and antibiotics were added when there presented obvious inflammatory changes. After treatment, the clinical total effective rate was compared between the two groups. Changes in the scores of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Lund-Kenndy scale for nasal endoscopy, as well as changes in serum IgG, IgE, and T lymphocyte subsets were also compared. A six-month follow-up was conducted to assess the recurrence rate and average number of episodes of rhinosinusitis (times per person). Results The clinical total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher compared to that in the control group(95.56% versus 86.52%). The scores of VAS and Lund-Kenndy scale in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group. Serum IgG levels in the observation group were increased and higher than those in the control group, while serum IgE level in the observation group was decreased and lower than that in the control group. After 3 courses of treatment, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the blood of the observation group were increased, while the level of CD8⁺ was decreased. The six-month follow-up after treatment showed that the recurrence rate of rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in the observation group was 17.05%, with an average of 0.28 episodes per person, which was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of Broncho-Vaxom and physiological sea water nasal wash is effective in treating chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in children, and can increase serum IgG level, decrease serum IgE level, optimize the structure of T lymphocyte subsets, enhance immune resistance, and improve allergic constitution. The six-month follow-up of the treatment reduces recurrence rate and average number of episodes of rhinitis-rhinosinusitis.