Objective:To explore the feasibility of long board detector of digital radiography(DR)in clinical application.Methods:The long board detector(detector)was erected and placed upright.The scale long ruler with marked metal lead wire was placed at 20 cm in front of the center of long axis of the board of detector,which paralleled medial axis.Three test cards of spatial resolution were respectively placed at three positions(upper,middle and lower)of detector,and they were stuck on the board of detector as 30cm intervals between each other and 45° position.The exposures were conducted at 100,150,and 200 cm of source image distance(SID).The incident doses were tested,which obtained from different SID spots of upper,middle and lower positions of detector.The spatial resolutions of 3 positions were determined through observed the images of cards.The ratio of the marked scale length with metal lead wire to actual length of lead wire was measured through the projection of the scale length,so as to obtain the amplification rate of different spot positions.The spatial distribution of effective focal plane on the direction of long axis of detector,and the morphological change of that were observed.Results:When SID spots were respectively 100,150 and 200cm,the amplification rates of images decreased with increasing SID.The difference of amplification rates among three SID spots was significant(F=223.80,P<0.001).There was significant difference in the corresponding radiation doses among different SID spots(F=7.57,P<0.05).The spatial resolution was constantly 1.8 LP/mm.There was heel effect along with the direction of short axis of detector.The effective focal spot on the direction of long axis of detector appeared up-down symmetrical display.Conclusion:The long board detector of DR equipment has realized the capture for the images of the overall length of spine or the overall length of lower limbs in one exposure,which can meet the clinical requirement,and improve the detection efficiency of X-ray.

Professor ZHANG Boli believed that the core pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction （HFpEF） is weak pulse at yang and wiry pulse at yin. By referring to the theory of “damp-turbidity and phlegm-rheum type of diseases”， he proposed that yin pathogens of damp-turbidity and phlegm-rheum may damage yang qi in each stage of HFpEF， thus aggravating the trend of weak pulse at yang and wiry pulse at yin， which played an important role in the deterioration of HFpEF. Therefore， Professor ZHANG Boli advocated that importance should be attached to the elimination of yin pathogen and the protection of yang qi during the various stages of HFpEF in order to delay the aggravation of weak pulse at yang and wiry pulse at yin； he put forward the idea of staged treatment that “yin pathogen should be dispelled and yang qi should be demonstrated”； and he formulated the treatment strategy of treating the disease as early as possible， eliminating pathogens and protecting yang， interrupting the disease trend， using warm-like medicinals， and activating blood circulation， to enrich the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of HFpEF.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of remote pulmonary rehabilitation in the elderly COPD patients in order to provide evidence-based basis for the clinical practice and promotion of remote pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods:We searched databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL,China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Internet, VIP, and Wanfang and selected all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the effects of telerehabilitation on the elderly patients with COPD. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to April 26, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of 24 RCTs involving 2 980 patients with COPD were finally included. Meta-analysis results showed that telerehabilitation in the elderly patients with COPD can improve the lung function (FEV 1/FVC) ( MD=2.09, 95% CI 0.30-3.89, P<0.05), quality of life ( MD=-0.66, 95% CI -1.05--0.26, P<0.05), anxiety ( MD=-0.69, 95% CI -1.32--0.05, P<0.05) and depression ( MD=-0.81, 95% CI -1.59--0.04, P<0.05), and the subgroup for the lung function (FEV 1/FVC) of the elderly patients with COPD emphasized that physical activity, intervention time ≤24 weeks, intervention frequency 1-3 times per week, and use of network platform, there were significant differences between those subgroups (all P<0.01). But there was no statistically significant difference in improving the exercise capacity ( MD=-1.54, 95% CI -14.83-11.75, P>0.05). Conclusions:Telerehabilitation in pulmonary can be considered a supplementary intervention for improving the lung function (FEV 1/FVC), the quality of life and the psychological condition on the elderly patients with COPD.

Objective To explore the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in osteosarcoma and their clinical significance. Methods Fifty-eight cases of osteosarcoma encountered from 2007 to 2016 were enrolled. The expression levels of PD-1 and CTLA-4 were detected through immunohistochemistry (EnVision method). Results PD-1 was positively expressed in 31 (53.4%) cases and negatively expressed in 27 (46.6%) cases. CTLA-4 was positively expressed in 19 (32.8%) cases and negatively expressed in 39 (67.2%) cases. A total of 12 (20.7%) cases were PD-1 and CTLA-4 double positive, whereas 20 (34.5%) cases were double negative, and 26 (44.8%) cases were single positive. The positive expression of PD-1 was correlated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor metastasis and relapse, and shortened survival time (P < 0.05). The positive expression of CTLA-4 was partly related with late Ennecking stage (P=0.051). Double positive expression was related to the highest tumor metastasis and relapse rates and the worst prognosis (P < 0.05), compared with double negative and single positive expression. Conclusion Positive expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4 in osteosarcoma is associated with worse prognosis, whereas double positive expression is associated with the highest tumor relapse and metastasis rates and shortest survival time. These results are potential valuable references for osteosarcoma immunotherapy.

Menopausal syndromes are mostly based on kidney deficiency， which could be expalined that kidney governing essence storage and controlling innateness， so when the kidney water was deficient and the liver fail to nourish， then led to liver depression and transform into fire； deficiency of the kidney， loss of warmth of the spleen， and inability to transport and transform the water and dampness will easily lead to phlegm and fire； the decline of the kidney yin and loss of water and fire will easily cause the exuberance of heart fire. Therefore， clinical symptoms of hot flashes， insomnia， and palpitations are common due to phlegm， depressions， and fire. Based on this， at the beginning of the treatment， we should treat the symptoms firstly by resolving phlegm， relieving depression and clearing fire， and commonly use Huanglian Wendan Decoction （黄连温胆汤）， Yigan Powder （抑肝散）， Chaihu plus Longgu Muli Decoction （柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤）， and Qingxin Zishen Decoction （清心滋肾饮）， etc. After improving the symptoms of hot flashes and sweating， irritability， dreaming and frightening， then we should give the prescriptions to tonify kidney yang and nourish kidney yin， in order to eliminate the pathogens and reinforce healthy qi， and to treat both the manifestations and the root cause， so that the symptoms of the patients can be better alleviated.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab as a maintenance treatment after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) .Methods:The clinical data, hematological and renal response, and safety of 15 post-transplant patients with NDMM who had received daratumumab maintenance between May 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Fifteen patients (11 males and 4 females) with a median age of 58 (41-72) years were included. Thirteen patients did not receive daratumumab during induction therapy and auto-HSCT, 6 patients had renal impairment, and nine patients had high-risk cytogenetics. The median infusion of daratumumab was 12 (6-17) times, and the median duration of maintenance was 6 (1.5-12) months. The treatment efficacy was evaluated in all 15 patients, and daratumumab maintenance therapy increased the rate of stringent complete response from 40% to 60%. The renal response rate and median estimated glomerular filtration rate of six patients with RI-NDMM were also improved. During daratumumab maintenance therapy, the most common hematological grade 3 adverse event (AE) was lymphopenia [4 of 15 patients (26.67%) ], whereas the most common nonhematologic AEs were infusion-related reactions [7 of 15 patients (46.67%) ] and grade 3 pneumonia [5 of 15 patients (33.33%) ]. The five patients with pneumonia were daratumumab naive [5 of 13 patients (38.46%) ], with a median of 8 (6-10) infusions. Among them, the chest computed tomography of three patients showed interstitial infiltrates, and treatment with methylprednisolone was effective. With a median follow-up of 12 months, the 1-year overall survival rate was 93.33%, and only one patient died (which was not related to daratumumab treatment) .Conclusions:Daratumumab was safe and effective as a maintenance agent for post-auto-HSCT patients with NDMM, and AEs were controllable. The most common nonhematologic AE was grade 3 pneumonia, and a less dose-intense maintenance regimen for the first 8 weeks could reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients with axillary lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:The data of 94 female patients with invasive breast cancer in Dongguan People′s Hospital of Guangdong Province from January 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients planned to receive 4-8 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.After chemotherapy, modified radical mastectomy was performed.Estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2) appeared for the first time in Chinese and English abstracts and texts positive patients received endocrine or targeted therapy.The rest patients received 2-4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy according to the situation.Lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed.The relationship between lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and clinicopathological features was analyzed.Risk factors for lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the positive rate of axillary lymph node was 74.47%(70/94). The number of positive axillary lymph nodes, ER status, HER-2 status and cell proliferation-associated human nuclear antigen(Ki67), the completion of chemotherapy cycle, the pathological remission of axillary lymph nodes after chemotherapy and the T stage of tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with positive axillary lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy(χ 2=30.053, 10.233, 6.303, 7.666, 18.162, 10.148, 12.418; all P<0.05). More than 3 positive axillary lymph nodes( OR=2.788, 95% CI 1.253-5.318), ER positive( OR=3.298, 95% CI 1.744-7.837), Ki67 positive( OR=2.469, 95% CI 1.184-4.301)and pathological pPR( OR=4.197, 95% CI 2.168-13.788) were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Axillary lymph node-positive breast cancer patients have a high positive rate of axillary lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.More than 3 positive axillary lymph nodes before operation, ER positive, Ki67 positive, and axillary lymph node pPR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective:To investigate effects of implantation of pectoralis major fascia combined with serratus anterior fatty fascia flap prosthesis on breast reconstruction after early breast cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 62 patients with early breast cancer undergoing breast reconstruction in Dongguan People's Hospital of Guangdong Province from July 2017 to December 2019 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, 31 cases in each group. The control group was treated with pectoralis major fascia covering prosthesis for breast reconstruction, and the observation group was treated with pectoralis major fascia combined with serratus anterior fatty fascia flap covering prosthesis for breast reconstruction. The clinical data of the two groups were recorded, the postoperative aesthetic appearance of breast was evaluated. According to the function assessment of cancer therapy-breast cancer (FACT-B) was used to evaluate the score of quality of life before and after operation, and postoperative complications were also observed.Results:In the control group and the observation group, the intraoperative blood loss was (82.61±12.38) ml, (88.76±13.57) ml, respectively; and drainage tube extubation time was (3.51±0.62) d and (3.64±0.58) d, respectively; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t value was 1.864, 0.853, respectively, all P > 0.05). The operation time of the observation group was longer than that of the control group [(2.59±0.29) h vs. (1.72±0.32) h, t = 11.217, P < 0.001]. The amount of drainage of the control group was higher than that of the observation group [(215.45±47.69) ml vs. (151.36±31.67) ml, t = 6.233, P < 0.001]; the length of hospital stay of the control group was longer than that of the observation group [(14.51±2.32) d vs. (10.79±1.86) d, t = 6.965, P < 0.001]. The excellent and good rate of postoperative breast appearance of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [96.77% (30/31) vs. 74.19% (23/31), χ 2adjusted=4.679, P = 0.031]. There were no statistical differences in all items including health, emotion, function, society/family and other conditions scores of FACT-B and total scores in both groups before the operation (all P > 0.05); all items scores and total scores of both groups after the operation were higher than those before the operation (all P < 0.001), and the sores after the operation of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (all P < 0.001). The total incidence of postoperative complications was 6.45% (2/31) of the observation group, 22.58% (7/31) of the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2adjusted=2.080, P = 0.149). Conclusion:Breast reconstruction with implantation of pectoralis major fascia combined with serratus anterior fatty fascia flap prosthesis after early breast cancer surgery can shorten the postoperative hospital stay, improve the aesthetic appearance of breast, improve the long-term quality of life, and has a high safety.

Objective:To explore the safety and feasibility of the simultaneous combined operation in children with congenital heart disease complicated with non-cardiac malformation.Methods:A total of 72 children undergoing combined surgery or simple heart surgery in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children′s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2017 to January 2019 were enrolled.According to the severity of the disease, patients in the combined operation group (group A) and the simple heart surgery group (group B) were separately subdivided into the low risk group (group L) and the high risk group (group H). There were 36 children in group A, with the age ranging from 1.5 to 168.0 months old (median: 18.0 months). There were 36 cases in group B, with the age ranging from 1.0 to 170.0 months old (median: 19.0 months). Patients in groups A and B were sent to the cardiac intensive care unit(ICU) after operation.The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic clamping (ACC) time, tracheal intubation time, intensive care unit (ICU) retention time, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr) were recorded.Besides, the cardiac output index (CI), cardiac circulation efficiency (CCE), maximum pressure gradient (dp/dt), lactic acid (Lac), blood glucose (Glu), inotropic score (IS) were also recorded at the time of returning to ICU (T0), 4 hours after operation (T1), 8 hours after operation (T2), 12 hours after operation (T3), 24 hours after operation (T4) and 48 hours after operation (T5), respectively.Results:(1) Intra-group comparison in group A: the age [(39.9±37.0) months], height [(94.1±20.1) cm] and weight [(14.4±6.7) kg] of children at low risk (group L-A) were significantly higher than those at high risk (group H-A) [(7.5±3.7) months, (68.1±6.4) cm, (7.8±2.2) kg] (all P<0.01). The CPB time [(37.0±23.6) min], ACC time [(19.1±13.4) min], endotracheal intubation time [(7.1±4.7) h], ICU retention time [(1.1±0.3) d] and BNP 24 hours after operation [(2 257.3±952.0) ng/L] in group L-A were significantly lower than those in group H-A [(84.7±28.4) min, (41.9±30.7) min, (71.0±67.6) h, (8.7±5.7) d and (5 327.2±992.9) ng/L] (all P<0.01). Glu, IS, CI, CCE were significantly different between patients at low risk and patients at high risk ( P<0.05). At the time of T0-T5, the Glu( F=4.43, P<0.05) and IS ( F=26.99, P<0.01)of group L-A were lower than those of group H-A, and the CI ( F=18.39, P<0.01)and CCE ( F=5.28, P<0.05) of group L-A were higher than those of group H-A.(2) Comparison between groups A and B: there was no significant difference in age, height, weight, CPB time, ACC time, hemodynamic parameters, arterial blood gas parameters and postoperative clinical indexes between patients at high risk or patients at low risk in group A and group B (all P>0.05). Conclusions:(1) For the patients at low risk, hemodynamics remains stable after the combined operation.The combined operation does not increase the endotracheal intubation time and ICU retention time, so it is safe and feasible.(2) For the patients at high risk, hemodynamics is also stable after the combined operation.However, their IS is higher than that of patients at low risk at any time point, and the incidence of postoperative adverse events is higher than that of patients at low risk.It is necessary to evaluate the condition and operation plan of the children before operation.

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of nonodontogenic periapical lesions and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A case of a patient with right upper molar pulp with apical penetration and local occlusion admitted to the West China Stomatological Hospital of Sichuan University was retrospectively analyzed, and the curative effect of microapical surgery and pith preservation was also analyzed. Results : The imaging features of tooth 16 showed periradicular radiolucency combined with local radiopaque lesions around the distal buccal apical area. Endodontic microsurgery was performed under local anesthesia. Soft tissue coverage was observed in the distal buccal apical area during the surgery, and no radiopaque tissue was detected. The distal buccal root apex was cut by 3 mm, and mineral trioxide aggregate was used for root-end backfilling. The postoperative pathological results revealed fibrous connective tissue. One-week recall X-ray examination showed tight root-end backfilling and no periradicular radiolucency; an electrical test of pulp vitality showed positive results. The four-year follow-up showed that there was no discoloration in tooth 16 and no significant difference in thermal and electrical tests of pulp vitality compared with control teeth. Combining the clinical manifestations, imaging features, surgical exploration results and pathological reports, the case was most likely to be cemental hypoplasia. Through the literature review, the treatment and healthy pulp preservation of such cases by endodontic microsurgery under the premise of preserving teeth has not been reported. Conclusion For maxillary posterior teeth with periapical lesions but healthy pulp, accurate estimation of pulp status, endodontic microsurgical exploration and application of bioactive materials can achieve vital pulp preservation while removing the lesions.