ObjectiveExploring the role of microRNA126 （miRNA126） in chronic kidney disease combined with atherosclerosis （CKD AS） by regulating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway and the mechanism of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction in the intervention of CKD AS rats with 5/6 nephrectomy combined with high-fat feeding. MethodA total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group， losartan group， and low， medium， and high dose groups of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction. The CKD AS rat model was established by 5/6 nephrectomy combined with high-fat feeding for 10 weeks. The low， medium， and high dose groups （6.0， 12.0， 24.0 g·kg^-1·d^-1） of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction and the losartan group （20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） were gavaged， and the corresponding intervention was carried out for eight weeks. Then， the rats were killed， and samples were collected for corresponding detection. Fully automated biochemical analyzers were used to detect kidney function and blood lipids in rats： blood creatinine （SCr）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） levels. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson staining of aortic tissue and pathological observation under a light microscope were carried out， and autophagosomes and autophagy lysosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to determine the mRNA levels of miRNA126， PI3K， Akt， and mTOR in rats， and Western blot was used to determine the protein expression levels of phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， PI3K， p-Akt， Akt， p -mTOR， mTOR， benzyl chloride 1 （Beclin-1）， and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3Ⅱ/Ⅰ （LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ）. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the serum SCr， BUN， TC， TG， and LDL-C in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the SCr， BUN， TC， TG， and LDL-C were decreased in the losartan group and low， medium， and high dose groups of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction （P<0.05）. Compared with the sham operation group， thickening plaques， infiltration of mononuclear macrophages， a small number of foam cells， disordered arrangement of smooth muscle fibers in the tunica media， and increased collagen fibers were observed in the model group， and the lesions in the losartan group and Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction groups were alleviated compared with those in the model group. Compared with the model group， the number of autophagosomes and autophagy lysosomes increased in the medium and high dose groups of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction. Compared with the sham operation group， the expression of miRNA126 in the aortic tissue of the model group was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the mRNA expressions of PI3K， Akt， and mTOR were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the expression of miRNA126 in the aortic tissue of rats in high， medium， and low dose groups of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction and losartan group was significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the mRNA expressions of PI3K， Akt， and mTOR were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the sham operation group， the protein expressions of p-PI3K， PI3K， p-Akt， Akt， p-mTOR， and mTOR in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）， while the protein levels of Beclin-1， LC3Ⅰ， and LC3Ⅱ were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the protein expressions of p-PI3K， PI3K， p-Akt， Akt， p-mTOR， and mTOR in the losartan group and low， medium， and high dose groups of Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction were decreased （P<0.05）， while the protein levels of Beclin-1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ were increased （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe expression of miRNA126 is decreased in the aortic tissue of CKD AS rats， and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is activated to inhibit autophagy flux. Shenshuai Xiezhuo decoction regulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway through miRNA126， restores the autophagy of aortic endothelial cells， protects the damage of CKD vessels， reduces the formation of As plaques， and slows the development of cardiovascular complications.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury is common in sports medicine. Arthroscopic reconstruction of PCL has become a routine procedure to stabilize the knee joint after PCL injury. The location of tibial tunnel during operation is crucial to a successful surgery. This article reviews the current studies on transtibial PCL reconstruction from the aspects of the anatomy related to the tibial tunnel, the anteromedial and anterolateral tibial tunnels, the maximum angle and optimal angle of tibial tunnel, and the anatomical and non-anatomical tibial tunnels, hoping to provide helpful references for the treatment of PCL injury.

Biliary atresia is a disease characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, which is an important cause of persistent jaundice in infants, Without timely treatment, it can develop rapidly into cirrhosis, and the child will die of liver failure. Therefore, the early diagnosis of biliary atresia is particularly important. The diagnosis of biliary atresia mainly depends on intraoperative cholangiography and liver biopsy, but they have the disadvantages including invasion, complex operation and many complications, which is not conducive to the early diagnosis of biliary atresia. In comparison, some non-invasive examination methods such as laboratory examination and imaging examination have obvious advantages. In this paper, the value of various diagnostic methods of biliary atresia is analyzed, which provides new ideas for its early diagnosis.

Objective To understand the cognitive and behavioral characteristics of AIDS between male-male in college students, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, the questionnaire survey including basic situation, the perception of HIV/AIDS of male male actors, sexual behavior and condom use and HIV/AIDS counseling detection, was used to investigate in male students of 8 universities at Beijing fangshan distric. Results A total of 2444 male college students were surveyed, 138 cases with male-male behavior were detected, and the detection rate was 5.65％. The detection rate (18.31％) of the junior college students was statistically higher than that of first-year college students (4.28％) and sophomores (6.52％, P<0.017). The awareness rates of four relevant knowledge about HIV/AIDS for 138 students were 25.36％, 15.22％, 9.42％and 13.77％respectively. The 44.93％male-male in college students had first sexual intercourse were younger than 18 years old. The proportion of students with first time male-male behavior and age <18 years was higher in the first-year college students (58.9％) than that of sophomores and junior college students (30.77％, 26.92％). The incidence rate of bisexuality was 43.48％ in male-male behavior, and 73.91％ was polysexual partners. The correct usage rate of condom was 31.16％. AIDS counseling detection rate was 27.54％. Conclusion The detection rate is higher in students with male-male behavior, and the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge is lower. A variety of high risk sexual behaviors are prevalent, so it is necessary to strengthen HIV/AIDS education and HIV/AIDS related knowledge for college students.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanism of hyperin on CoCl2-induced hypoxic/ischemic PC12 cells.

METHODCoCl2 was used to treat rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) to investigate the protective effects of different concentrations of hyperin.

RESULTHyperin could significantly inhibit CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis on PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner, by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and inactivating caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).

CONCLUSIONHyperin could inhibit CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis on PC12 cells, show neuroprotective effects on hypoxic/ischemic neural injuries.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cobalt ; toxicity ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; PC12 Cells ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Rats

ObjectiveTo investigate and evaluate the depression in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods62 patients with type 2 diabetes (30 having complications, 32 not having complications) and 20 normal controls were assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) of Peking University PES Mental State Application System.ResultsThe HRSD total scores of diabetics were higher than that of normal controls, and scores of diabetics with complications were higher than that without complications (P<0.05). The scores of anxiety/somatization and cognitive disturbance of diabetics were all higher than that of normal control (P<0.05).The scores of sluggish, dyssomnia of diabetics with complications were higher than that of normal controls (P<0.05), but there was no difference between diabetics without complications and normal controls (P>0.05). The scores of changing at day and night, weight, and the despair feel of diabetics were not obviously different with that of normal controls (P>0.05).ConclusionThe diabetics are often companioned with depression, and more severe when having complications.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Gecko Swinhonis Gunther freeze-dried powder (GFP) in inducing apoptosis of C6 glioma cells.

METHODSThirty mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated with intraperitoneally injection of cisplatin, orally taken GFP or distilled water respectively. After treatment for 20 days, the serum of mice was collected for treating the C6 glioma cells. The apoptosis state of cells was observed by morphological examination, flow cytometry and TUNEL method, and the cell apoptosis related gene expression of bcl-2 and bax were determined by S-P immunocytochemical assay.

RESULTSThe C6 glioma cell apoptosis induction of GFP contained serum in vitro could be confirmed by morphological examination, flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL method. Comparison between the GFP treated group and the blank control group on intracellular bcl-2 gene expression showed no difference, but bax gene expression was higher in the GFP treated group.

CONCLUSIONGFP contained serum could induce C6 glioma cell apoptosis, its mechanism might be related with the up-regulation of bax gene.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glioma ; chemistry ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Serum ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of bronchial artery infusion(BAI)combined with percutaneous intratumor alcohol injection(PAI)in the treatment of advanced lung cancer.Methods Thirty-two lesions confirmed by pathology,including 13 cases of primary bronchogenic carcinoma and 5 cases of pulmonary multi-metastasis tumor from hepatocellular carcinoma,were treated by 52 times of BAI and 78 times of PAI guided by fluoroscopy or CT .One cases of lung tumor was operated after the interventional therapy,and the specimen was studied with pathologic histology.Results The pathologic finding showed there was a large area necrosis in the tumor.The total effective rate of treatment was 83.8%.The 6,12 and 18 months suivival rates were 100%,77.7% and 61% respectively.Conclusion The combined interventional therapy of BAI and PAI is a more effective synthetical method for treatment only for primary tumor,but also metastasis lesions.It have better cooperative effect on the bigger lesions of lung carcinoma.

Objective:To study on symptom characteristics and TCM syndrome types of mild congnitive impairment(MCI),and reveal the relation of TCM syndrome types of MCI with metabolism of free radicals and cholin esterase.Methods:With reference to internationally acknowledged criteria for MCI diagnosis at present,44 cases of MCI were selected and 20 healthy persons were used as controls.Relative neuropsychological scales tests were conducted and TCM syndrome types were established.Serum acetycholin esterase(AchE),superoxide dismulase(SOD)activities,serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content and DNA defect rate in mitochondria of white cells were determined.Results:27 cases(61.4%)of deficiency syndrome,17 cases(38.6%)of coexistence of deficiency and excess syndromes and 93.18% patients of MCI had the symptoms of kidney-deficiency and hollow marrow.Serum MDA level and AchE activity and the DNA defect rate of mitochondria in white blood cells in the patients of deficiency syndrome and coexistence of deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome increased significantly and SOD activity and memory quotient significantly decreased as compared with the healthy persons.Memory quotient,serum MDA level and AchE activity in the patients of coexistence of excess and deficiency syndromes increased significantly and SOD activity decreased significantly as compared with the patients of deficiency syndrome.Conclusion:TCM syndrome types of the patient of MCI have objective substance basis,i,e.varying degrees of memory impairment and disturbances of metabolism of free radicals and AchE.