Objective: To understand the impact of left behind experience on the mental health of secondary vocational school students, so as to provide theoretical basis for the psychological health education of secondary vocational school students. Methods: From September to December in 2019, a total of 3 401 students from Duyun, Guiding and Pingtang County were selected by multi stage cluster random sampling method. Self designed questionnaire and Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90) were used to investigate mental health status. A total of 1 415 left behind students and 1 415 non left behind students were matched by using propensity score matching (PSM). Wilcoxon test and Logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: Before the matching of propensity score, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of family structure, mother s educational level, family residence,family harmony and children s past health among the students with or without left behind experience ( χ 2=28.17, 52.40, 96.31, 29.75 , 19.10, P <0.05). After the matching, there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the above variables among the students with or without left behind experience ( χ 2=0.02-4.32, P >0.05). Before the matching of propensity scores, there were significant differences in the scores of 10 dimensions of SCL-90, including somatization (1.67,1.58), interpersonal sensitivity (2.00,1.89), anxiety (1.90,1.70), obsessive compulsive symptoms (2.20, 2.10), depression (2.00, 1.85), hostility (1.83, 1.67), terror (1.85, 1.71), paranoia (1.83, 1.67), psychotic (1.70, 1.60) and other (1.85, 1.71) dimensions among secondary vocational school students with or without left behind experience ( Z=-5.15 to -2.84, P <0.05). After propensity score matching, there were significant differences in scores remained only in three factors for interpersonal sensitivity [(2.00(1.56,2.67)，2.00(1.44,2.56)], paranoia [1.83(1.33,2.50)，1.83(1.33,2.33)] and psychoticism [1.70(1.30,2.30)，1.70(1.20,2.20)] in SCL- 90 among secondary vocational students with or without left behind experience ( Z=-2.45, -2.12, -2.23, P <0.05). Conclusion The impact of left behind experience on the mental health of vocational school students is mainly reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia, and psychoticism, which should be identified as key areas of psychological education for secondary vocational school students.

The retrieval and evaluation of evidence is the basis for the development of clinical practice guidelines for Chinese patent medicine. As traditional Chinese medicine has a different development trajectory and utilization characteristics from modern medicine， there is certain differences in terms of evidence composition， retrieval and integration.This paper discussed multi-source body of evidence on Chinese patent medicine based on modern evidence-based medicine and ancient medical literature， and summarized the retrieval strategy as well as the possible problems and solving methods. For different types of evidence on Chinese patent medicine， the corresponding evaluation tools have been recommended， and the order to integrate the evidence based on the quality of the evidence from high to low is suggested. Finally， a multi-source based evidence retrieval-evaluation-integration scheme for Chinese patent medicine has been formed， which will provide a methodological reference for practitioners in the development of clinical practice guidelines for Chinese patent medicine.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of renal carcinoma cells and the relationship with ferroptosis.Methods:Experiment Ⅰ GRC-1 cells at the logarithmic growth phase were selected and divided into 5 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C) and different concentrations of dexmedetomidine groups(D1, D2, D3, and D4 groups). Group C was routinely incubated for 24 h. D1, D2, D3, and D4 groups were incubated with dexmedetomidine at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 μmol/L respectively, for 24 h. The cell proliferation ability was assessed by CCK-8 assay.The cell migration and invasion ability was was evaluated by Transwell chamber assay. Experiment Ⅱ GRC-1 cells at the logarithmic growth phasewere selected and divided into 3 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), dexmedetomidine group (group D), and dexmedetomidine+ Ferrostatin-1 group (group D+ F). Group C was routinely cultured for 24 h. Dexmedetomidine 10 μmol/L was added and cells were incubated for 24 h in group D. Dexmedetomidine 10 μmol/L was added, Ferrostatin-1 1 μmol/L was simultaneously added, and then cells were incubated for 24 h in group D+ F. The proliferation ability of the cells was tested by CCK-8 assay, and the migration and invasion ability of the cells was detected by Transwell assay. The contents of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe 2+ were measured by the colorimetric method. The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) and ATF4-induced solute carrier family 7a member 11 (SLC7A11) was detected by Western blot. Results:Experiment I Compared with group C, the cell proliferation and the number of migrating and invading cells were significantly decreased in D3 and D4 groups ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in aforementioned indexes in D1 and D2 groups ( P>0.05). Experiment Ⅱ Compared with group C, the cell proliferation and the number of migrating and invading cells were significantly decreased, the content of Fe 2+ was increased, the content of GSH was decreased, the expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in MDA content in group D( P>0.05). Compared with group D, the cell proliferation and the number of migrating and invading cells were significantly increased, the content of Fe 2+ was decreased, the content of GSH was increased, the expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the MDA content in group D+ F( P>0.05). Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invision ability of renal carcinoma cells, and the mechanism is related to promotion of ferroptosis.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained some mistakes.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of a dengue fever outbreak in Hunan province in 2018.Methods:Real-time PCR assay was performed for the laboratory diagnosis of 8 suspected dengue fever cases. Etiological surveillance was performed in 186 suspected dengue fever cases and fever cases who had close contacts with dengue fever patients. C6/36 cells was used for the virus isolation from acute phase serum. By sequencing the full length of E genes of 15 dengue virus strains, phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the sequences obtained, including reference sequences from the NCBI GenBank database, the serotypes and gene subtypes of the virus were analyzed to trace the possible source of transmission. An emergency monitoring of vector density and a retrospective survey of sero-epidemiology in healthy population were conducted in the epidemic area.Results:In the serum samples of 8 suspected patients, 6 were dengue virus RNA positive, and 4 were NS1 antigen positive. In 186 suspected patients, 96 were dengue virus nucleic acid, NS1 antigen or antibody positive in etiological test. A total of 64 dengue virus strains were isolated. The phylogenetic analysis showed that all the dengue virus strains belonged to type 2, which might be from Guangdong or Zhejiang provinces. The Bretub index was up to 65, indicating an extremely high risk of transmission. The positive rate of the dengue virus IgG antibody was 0.53%(2/377) in retrospective survey of 377 healthy people.Conclusion:The field epidemiologic and the molecular genetics analyses showed the outbreak of dengue fever in Hunan in 2018 was caused by imported cases and dengue virus 2.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and results of treatment for right atrial appendage aneurysms complicated by atrial tachyarrhythmias in children. Methods: This retrospective study included three children with right atrial appendage aneurysm complicated by atrial tachyarrhythmias (aged 1.0 to 5.3 years, weight 10 to 17.1 kg) who were hospitalized at the Pediatric Cardiology Department (Heart Center) of the First Hospital of Tsinghua University (Beijing Huaxin Hospital) during the period from January 2016 through April 2018. The patients′ clinical features, the results of electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography, the effects of therapeutic interventions (antiarrhythmics, radiofrequency ablation, and surgical resection of right atrial appendage aneurysm) and the results of pathological assessment were analyzed. Results: Three cases of right atrial appendage aneurysm were diagnosed at 36 weeks of gestational age, 1 month and 4 months after birth respectively. In two cases, ECG showed alternating episodes of atrial tachyarrhythmias including atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation, and echocardiography showed aneurysmal dilatation of right atrial appendage. These two cases underwent right atrial appendage aneurysm resection. In the remaining one case of atrial tachycardia, echocardiography did not visualize important lesions in the right atrium, thus the intracardiac electrophysiologic study and radiofrequency ablation were performed; and focal atrial tachycardia originating from the apex of right atrial appendage was mapped but failed to be ablated; consequently, the patient received the right atrial appendage resection, in which the right atrial appendage aneurysm was found. Preoperative multiple antiarrhythmics showed only modest or no efficacy for all the three cases. The atrial tachyarrhythmias disappeared in all the three cases after right atrial appendage aneurysm resection. Postoperative atrial tachycardias associated with new foci of impulse formation developed in two cases. These two patients reverted to normal sinus rhythm and remained in this rhythm by using antiarrhythmics. Pathological assessment showed cystic dilation of parts of atrial cavity, fibrosis of cyst wall, generalized fibrosis of atrial myocardium combined with myocardial atrophy and cystic dilation, as well as uneven myocardial thickness with generalized myocardial interstitial fibrosis. Conclusions For patients with congenital right atrial appendage aneurysm, atrial tachyarrhythmias might develop during fetal stage or early postpartum period. Reliance on echocardiography might often lead to the missed diagnosis. These patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias responded poorly to antiarrhythmics. Radiofrequency ablation might be associated with a high risk and limited efficacy. Surgical resection of right atrial appendage aneurysm showed satisfactory results and should be highly recommended.

Amyloid deposits are one of the hallmark pathological lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They can be visualized by thioflavin-S, silver impregnation, Congo red staining, and immunohistochemical reactions. However, that amyloid deposits generate blue autofluorescence (auto-F) has been ignored. Here, we report that visible light-induced auto-F of senile plaques (SPs) was detected and validated with conventional methods. Brain slices from APP/PS1 (amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1) transgenic mice were mounted on slides, rinsed, coverslipped and observed for details of the imaging and spectral characteristics of the auto-F of SPs. Then the slices were treated with the above classic methods for comparative validation. We found that the SP auto-F was greatest under blue-violet excitation with a specific emission spectrum, and was much easier, more sensitive, and reliable than the classic methods. Because it does not damage slices, observation of auto-F can be combined with all post-staining techniques in slices and for brain-wide imaging in AD.

Sensory processing is strongly modulated by different brain and behavioral states, and this is based on the top-down modulation. In the olfactory system, local neural circuits in the olfactory bulb (OB) are innervated by centrifugal afferents in order to regulate the processing of olfactory information in the OB under different behavioral states. The purpose of the present study was to explore the organization of neural networks in olfactory-related cortices and modulatory nuclei that give rise to direct and indirect innervations to the glomerular layer (GL) of the OB at the whole-brain scale. Injection of different recombinant attenuated neurotropic viruses into the GL showed that it received direct inputs from each layer in the OB, centrifugal inputs from the ipsilateralanterior olfactory nucleus (AON), anterior piriform cortex (Pir), and horizontal limb of diagonal band of Broca (HDB), and various indirect inputs from bilateral cortical neurons in the AON, Pir, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, HDB, dorsal raphe, median raphe and locus coeruleus. These results provide a circuitry basis that will help further understand the mechanism by which olfactory information-processing in the OB is regulated.

Objective Hypothyroidism(HypoPT) is one of the most common complications of thyroid reoperation,and hypocalcemia caused by HypoPT is a difficult problem in clinical practice.This study aims to investigate the risk factors for hypoealcemia after reoperation of thyroid cancer.Methods Data of 106 patients who underwent reoperation for thyroid cancer from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the parathyroid area involved in the reoperation,the reoperation was graded:low-risk group,intermediate-risk group and high-risk group.Parathyroid hormone(PTH) and total calcium(Ca) levels were monitored at 12 to 24 hours after surgery.The follow-up period was at least 6 months.The PTH cut-off values of postoperative hypocalcemia were analyzed by ROC curve.The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative hypocalcemia.Results The incidence of transient HypoPT after reoperation was 35％,and the permanent HypoPT was 1.9％.The grade of reoperation was positively correlated with postoperative HypoPT.The ROC curve showed that the PTH cut-off values of postoperative hypocalcemia was 15 pg/ml and area under curve(AUC) was 0.636(95％ CI:0.530-0.742,P＜0.017).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that reoperation grade and postoperative PTH＜15 pg/ml were independent risk factors for postoperative hypocalcemia.Conclusion The grade of reoperation and postoperative PTH value ＜15 pg/ml can predict postoperative hypocalcemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of intermittent high glucose on oxygen-glucose deprivation/refurnish (OGD/R) neuronal survival.Methods The primary cultured hippocampal neurons of mice were sub-cultured when the cell fusion reached about 80％.Cells in logarithmic growth phase were placed in a hypoxic incubator (37 ℃,5％ CO2,95％ N2) to simulate cell hypoxia.The culture medium was replaced by glucose-free Hank equilibrium salt solution (HBSS) to simulate cell hypoglycemia.The normal glucose and oxygen control group was set up.Cell morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope after 6 hours of hypoxia and hypoglycemia treatment,and cell viability was detected by CCK-8 cell proliferation assay kit,and then grouping experiment was carried out.The cells were randomly divided into four groups.The cells were cultured in different concentration glucose medium under normal oxygen,5％ CO2 and 37 ℃ for 72 hours to prepare OGD/R model of cell ischemia/reperfusion.The low-glucose control group was cultured in medium containing 5.5 mmoFL glucose.The constant high-glucose group was cultured in medium containing 33.0 mmol/L glucose.The intermittent high-glucose group was cultured in medium containing 33.0 mmol/L glucose for 3 hours then in medium containing 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 2 hours alternately for 3 times during the day,and overnight in medium containing 33.0 mmol/L glucose at night.The hyperosmotic control group was made up of 5.5 mmol/L glucose medium and mannitol.The osmotic pressure was the same as that of the constant high-glucose group,and the effective glucose concentration was the same as that of the normal glucose and oxygen group,so as to eliminate the effect of osmotic pressure changes caused by the high-glucose medium on the results.Cell morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope after 72 hours of cell culture in each group.Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 kit,and apoptotic rate was measured by flow cytometry.Results The inverted phase contrast microscope showed that the cells in the normal glucose and oxygen control group were plump and refractive,and had obvious nucleus,clear processes and high cell activity.After 6 hours of hypoxia and hypoglycemia treatment,the cells were shrunk,refractive index was poor,the nucleus was unclear,the processes were not clear,and the cell activity was significantly lower than that of normal glucose and oxygen control group (A value:0.34±0.06 vs.1.09±0.06,P ＜ 0.01),which indicated that the model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was successfully prepared.After 72 hours of culture with different concentrations of glucose,the cells in the low-glucose control group were shrunk,the cell membrane was incomplete,the nucleus was unclear,and number of necrotic cells were more.In the constant high-glucose group,the refractive index of cells was poor,a large number of cells floated,and the nucleus was not obvious.In the intermittent high-glucose group,the cell morphology was normal,the refractive rate of cells was decreased slightly,and the necrotic cells were less.In the hypertonic control group,the cell status was close to that in the constant high-glucose group.Compared with the low-glucose control group or constant high-glucose group,the cell viability in the intermittent high-glucose group was significantly increased (A value:2.04±0.15 vs.0.64±0.18,1.16±0.16,both P ＜ 0.01),the apoptotic rate was significantly decreased [(59.60 ± 2.55)％ vs.(78.15 ± 15.77)％,(95.60± 0.14)％,both P ＜ 0.05].There was no significant difference in cell activity or apoptotic rate between the hypertonic control group and the constant high-glucose group [cell activity (A value):1.07 ± 0.07 vs.1.16 ± 0.16,apoptotic rate:(87.80 ± 4.53)％ vs.(95.60 ± 0.14)％,both P ＞ 0.05].Conclusion Intermittent high glucose within a certain range had protective effect on OGD/R neuronal survival.