Objective To investigate the effect of combination of rope-assisted proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF)training and rope-assisted brain-computer interface(BCI)training on upper limb function in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods From March,2022 to February,2023,96 inpatients with stroke hemiplegia from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were randomly divided into conventional group(n=32),PNF group(n=32)and combined group(n=32).All the groups received routine rehabilitation treatment.The conventional group re-ceived upper limb PNF training,the PNF group received upper limb rope-assisted PNF training,and the com-bined group received both upper limb rope-assisted PNF training and upper limb rope-assisted BCI training,for four weeks.They were assessed with Functiongal Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity-Hong Kong version(FTHUE-HK),Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities(FMA-UE)and modified Barthel Index(MBI)before and after treatment. Results The intra-group effect(F>341.219,P<0.001),inter-group effect(F>21.705,P<0.001)and interaction effect(F>3.171,P<0.05)were significant in the scores of FTHUE-HK and MBI.The intra-group effect(F=520.472,P<0.001)and inter-group effect(F=41.939,P<0.001)were significant in the scores of FMA-UE,and the interaction effect was not(P>0.05).After treatment,the FTHUE-HK,FMA-UE and MBI scores were the best in the combined group(P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of rope-assisted PNF training with rope-assisted BCI device training could further improve the motor function of the upper limbs in stroke patients with hemiplegia,and enhance their activities of daily liv-ing.

Objective To construct a RNA interference lentiviral vector aimed at human ARK5 (AMPK-related protein kinase 5) gene and explore its effect on the biologic behavior of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells.Metho ds Targeting human ARK5 mRNA coding sequence, we designed three specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and constructed the lentiviral vector,then infected human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells with this vector.Afterwards, we used qPCR and Western blot for detecting the silencing effect on ARK5 gene,MTT colorimetric assay to measure the cell proliferation , cell scratch test for cell migration and Transwell for cell invasion, and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis in cells treated with glucose starvation and TNF-α.Results Sequencing proved that the recombinant lentiviral vector containing ARK5-shRNA-3 was constructed successfully.Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay showed that the expression abundance of ARK5 gene in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group were 1.002+0.082, 1.001+0.050 and 0.140+0.003, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0 .01).Cell scratch test showed that the cell migration rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group was (38.5+4.3 )%, significantly lower than that of the normal control group [(72.4+6.4)%] and negative control group [(75.1+7.1)%, P<0.01].The results of Transwell test showed that the number of penetrating cells in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 transfection group were 257.4±12.3, 245.7±11.6, 112.5±7.8, with a significant difference (P<0.01).After glucose starvation and TNF-α-treatment for 24 h, the cell death rate of the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 group were (11.7±3.2)%, (12.3±2.6)% and (30.8±4.3)%, respectively, showing that the cell apoptosis rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 transfected group was significantly higher than that of the normal control and negative control groups (P<0.01).Conclusions We have successfully constructed a recombinant lentiviral vector which can efficiently silence ARK5 gene.Using it we can inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion of tumor cells, and promote cell apoptosis under the condition of TNF-αtreatment and glucose starvation.

Objective To construct a RNA interference lentiviral vector aimed at human ARK5 (AMPK-related protein kinase 5) gene and explore its effect on the biologic behavior of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells.Metho ds Targeting human ARK5 mRNA coding sequence, we designed three specific short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and constructed the lentiviral vector,then infected human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells with this vector.Afterwards, we used qPCR and Western blot for detecting the silencing effect on ARK5 gene,MTT colorimetric assay to measure the cell proliferation , cell scratch test for cell migration and Transwell for cell invasion, and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis in cells treated with glucose starvation and TNF-α.Results Sequencing proved that the recombinant lentiviral vector containing ARK5-shRNA-3 was constructed successfully.Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay showed that the expression abundance of ARK5 gene in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group were 1.002+0.082, 1.001+0.050 and 0.140+0.003, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0 .01).Cell scratch test showed that the cell migration rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 infected group was (38.5+4.3 )%, significantly lower than that of the normal control group [(72.4+6.4)%] and negative control group [(75.1+7.1)%, P<0.01].The results of Transwell test showed that the number of penetrating cells in the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 transfection group were 257.4±12.3, 245.7±11.6, 112.5±7.8, with a significant difference (P<0.01).After glucose starvation and TNF-α-treatment for 24 h, the cell death rate of the normal control group, negative control group and ARK5-shRNA-3 group were (11.7±3.2)%, (12.3±2.6)% and (30.8±4.3)%, respectively, showing that the cell apoptosis rate of ARK5-shRNA-3 transfected group was significantly higher than that of the normal control and negative control groups (P<0.01).Conclusions We have successfully constructed a recombinant lentiviral vector which can efficiently silence ARK5 gene.Using it we can inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion of tumor cells, and promote cell apoptosis under the condition of TNF-αtreatment and glucose starvation.

In recent studies,obesity is a risk factor for a variety of cancers,including breast cancer and colorectal cancer.Obesity can regulate the tumorigenesis and development of cancer by some factors,such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1),leptin,fat cytokines and hormones.Understanding the relationship between obesity and cancer can provide a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Objective To detect the levels of CD+4 CDHi25 CDLo127 regulatory T (Treg) cells and NKG2D-expressing NK cells in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients and investigate their relationship,and explore their roles in the immune escape of lung cancer and clinical significance.Methods The levels of CD+4 CDHi25 CDLo127 Treg cells,NK cells and NKG2D-expressing NK cells were measured in peripheral blood of 70 lung cancer patients and 50 healthy controls.Results Compared with control group,the levels of CD+4 CDHi25 CDLo127 Treg cells enormously increased [(8.4±4.1) ％,(6.7±1.7) ％] (t =3.09,P ＜ 0.05),while the value of NKG2D obviously decreased [(83.3±4.9) ％,(87.4±2.9) ％] (t =3.16,P ＜ 0.05); And the group of NK cells is not different [(15.6±8.3) ％,(17.2±4.2) ％] (t =-1.33,P ＞ 0.05); NKG2D-expressing NK cells had a perfect negative correlation with CD+4 CDLo25 CDLo127 Treg cells (r =-0.302,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Accumulation of Treg cells in serum may lead to the down-modulation of NKG2D-expressing NK which participates the tumor immune escape.They may be potential indicators evaluating immune functions and prognosis of lung cancers.

ObjectiveTo evaluate “main line teaching-topic design” based classroom discussion method in immunology teaching. MethodsStudents of five-year class of pharmacology of Grade 2008 and Grade 2009 were selected to sit the innovating teaching.The teaching methods included main line teaching,topic design,classroom discussion and experimental operation.The evaluation of the effect was analyzed by the way of a questionnaire and comparing test scores.ResultsQuestionnaire survey results show that more than 73.5％ of experimental class students thought that the “main line teaching-topic design” based classroom discussion method helps to stimulate their learning enthusiasm and improve comprehensive ability.By T test,the difference of the average scores of experimental class and control class students was statistically significant ( P=0.0028 ).ConclusionThe “main line teaching-topic design”based classroom discussion method is accepted as an effective approach of immunology teaching and worth to extensive application.

Objective To compare the mandibular advancement appliance(MAA) with mandibular advancement and left-leaning appliance (MALA) in the treatment of mild or moderate obstructive sleep ap-nea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Twenty-two cases of mild or moderate OSAHS were treated with MAA, and 19 cases with MALA. After 1-3 months, they were examined again with Epworth score and polysonmography (PSG). Results After 1-3 months of the MAA or MALA treatment, the Epworth score was improved evidently. The apnea -hypopnea index, max apnea time, mean apnea time, oxygen desaturatian index, and the longest time of oxygen desaturation were all lowered after the treatment, and the lowest SaO2 and the mean SaO2 were higher after the treatment. The differences were all distinctive (P<0.05 or<0.01). When patients treated with MAA were compared with those treated with MALA,only the max apnea time [(35.5±6.9),(31.3±6.0) s, respectively] and the longest time of oxygen desaturation [ (41.0±18.9), (29.9±9.3) s, respectively] had significant difference. Conclusion MALA may be helpful for shortening max apnea time and the longest time of oxygen desaturation, thus MAA is an effective alternative to patients of OSAHS. Further research should be done.

Objective To evaluate the value and safety of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) in the diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods The cytologic diagnosis of TBNA in 82 patients with enlarged hilar and/or mediastinal lymphnodes or lesions adjacent to the bronchial wall were analyzed retrospectively. All specimens were detected by the ThinPrep cytologic test. Results There were 43 positive cases in the 82 patients, and the positive rate was 52.4 %. There were 18 SCLCs,11squamous cancers, 9 adenocarcinomas and 5 undefinable cancers, respectively. There were 39 patients with local bronchial wall swelling accompanied with abnormal mucosae. TBNA, douche, brushing and forcep biopsy were applied, and the diagnostic rate was 64.1%, 7.7 %, 25.6 % and 48.7 %, respectively. The total positive rate was 76.9 %. 43 patients with normal mucous membrane only underwent TBNA. 18 cases were positive, and the positive rate was 41.9 %. There was no obvious complication in the 82 patients. Conclusion The technique of TBNA enlarged the inspection scope of bronchoscopy. It has significant meaning to the diagnosis of lung cancer. TBNA was an useful and safe method in clinical application and could be used widely.

Objective To detect the levels of CD4+CD25HiCD127Low regulatory T cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood and its clinical significance in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods The levels of Treg in the peripheral blood were detected by three-color flow cytometry (FCM) in 80 patients with esophageal cancer and 20 healthy controls. Among the 80 patients, 30 patients were also further studied for preoperative and postoperative comparison after operation. The clinical and pathological data of each patient were collected and analyzed for the correlation with the Treg levels. Results The level of Treg in the peripheral blood of the control group was lower than that of the esophageal cancer patients [(3.36±1.14) % and (5.70±1.96) %, respectively], with significant difference (P <0.01). The levels of Treg in the peripheral blood was higher in the patients with metastasis of lymph node (n=40) than that in the patients without metastasis of lymph node (5.96±1.36) % and (4.23±1.18) %, respectively] (n=30), with significant difference (P <0.01). The levels of Treg in the peripheral blood of the patients were negatively correlated with their TNM classification. As the TNM classification advanced, the level of the Treg in the peripheral blood increased. Conclusion The levels of Treg in the peripheral blood of the patients with esophageal cancer are significantly higher than that of the healthy subjects, which is correlated with the clinical and pathological conditions. The development of esophageal cancer may relate with suppression of immune function.

Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance of CD+4CDHi25CDLo127 regulatory T cell(Treg) in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer. Methods 30 patients with lung cancer and 20 heathy volunteers were included in this study. The proportion of Treg population in CD4+ T cells stained with three colors was analysed by flow cytometry. The serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. Results The proportion of Treg in patients with squamous cell careinoma(n=20), adenocarcinoma (n=10) were all significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P <0.05), but there was not obvious difference between the two groups with different pathological types(P0.05). Increased serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β was also detected in lung cancer patients. Conclusion The proportion of Treg is increased in lung cancer patients, which may result in the inhibition of host anti-cancer immune response by excreting IL-10 and TGF-β.