Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.

Phage-microbe interactions are appealing systems to study coevolution,and have also been increasingly emphasized due to their roles in human health,disease,and the development of novel therapeutics.Phage-microbe interactions leave diverse signals in bacterial and phage geno-mic sequences,defined as phage-host interaction signals(PHISs),which include clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)targeting,prophage,and protein-protein interac-tion signals.In the present study,we developed a novel tool phage-host interaction signal detector(PHISDetector)to predict phage-host interactions by detecting and integrating diverse in silico PHISs,and scoring the probability of phage-host interactions using machine learning models based on PHIS features.We evaluated the performance of PHISDetector on multiple benchmark datasets and application cases.When tested on a dataset of 758 annotated phage-host pairs,PHISDetector yields the prediction accuracies of 0.51 and 0.73 at the species and genus levels,respectively,outper-forming other phage-host prediction tools.When applied to 125,842 metagenomic viral contigs(mVCs)derived from 3042 geographically diverse samples,a detection rate of 54.54％could be achieved.Furthermore,PHISDetector could predict infecting phages for 85.6％of 368 multidrug-resistant(MDR)bacteria and 30％of 454 human gut bacteria obtained from the National Institutes of Health(NIH)Human Microbiome Project(HMP).

Objective:To explore the effect of demographic sociological data on the critical thinking of clinical research nurses, in order to provide reference for improving the level of clinical research.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 110 clinical research nurses responsible for clinical research related work in three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City of Henan Province from January to June 2021 were selected as the research objects. Demographic Sociological Data Questionnaire and Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) were used to conduct surveys among nurses. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of demographic sociological data on critical thinking of clinical research nurses. A total of 110 questionnaires were distributed, and 106 valid questionnaires were recovered. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaires was 96.36% (106/110) .Results:The total score of CTDI-CV of 106 nurses was (296.25±24.12) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, education, professional title and working years were the influencing factors of the level of critical thinking of clinical research nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The critical thinking ability of clinical research nurses is affected by age, professional title, educational background and working years. It is suggested to take effective measures to improve the critical thinking ability of nurses according to the actual situation, and then improve the clinical research level of nurses.

As an extracorporeal life support technology, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been demonstrated its role in the treatment of patients with severe respiratory failure. Its main advantages include the ability to maintain adequate oxygenation and remove excess CO2, increase oxygen delivery, improve tissue perfusion and metabolism, and implement lung protection strategies. Clinicians should accurately assess and identify the patient's condition, timely and accurately carry out VV-ECMO operation and management. This article will review the patient selection, cannulation strategy, anticoagulation, clinical management and weaning involved in the application of VV-ECMO.

Objective To use real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) to compare the cardiac function related indicators between before operation and at postoperative 2 months in the patients with left ventricular aneurysm(LVA) undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and to assess the PCI short term effect.Methods RT-3DE was applied to observe the left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),end systolic volume(LVESV),cardiac output(CO),end-diastolic volume index(EDVI),end systolic volume index (ESVI),cardiac index (CI),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular spherical index(SPI) before operation and at postoperative 2 months in 31 cases of acute anterior myocardial infarction(AAMI) complicating LVA.The patients were divided into the functional LVA group(A),anatomical LVA group (B) and complicating thrombus LVA group(C).The cardiac function parameters in various groups conducted the intra-group and inter group comparisons.Results Compared with before operation,LVEF at postoperative 2 months in the group A was increased and SPI was decreased(P＜0.05);CO,CI and LVEF before operation and at postoperative 2 months in the group B were increased and SPI was decreased(P＜0.05);SPI at postoperative 2 months in the group C was decreased(P＜0.05);EF and SPI before operation and at postoperative 2 months had no statistical difference among 3 groups(P＞0.05).SPI before operation and at postoperative 2 months was negatively correlated with LVEF and positively correlated with EDV,ESV,EDVI,ESVI,CO and CI.Conclusion The left ventricular morphology and overall systolic function at 2 months after PCI in the patients with functional and anatomical LVA are improved,but the curative effect in the patients with complicating thrombus LVA is unobvious.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of epipolythiodioxopiperazine compound C87 on tumor cell proliferation and explore the potential mechanisms. METHODS Tumor cells were exposed to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h, cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and the half growth inhibition (Gl50 ) was calculated. After treatment with C87 0.1-2.5 μmol.L-1 for 6 h, or C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 for 0-6 h, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using the compound 2′,7′-dichlorofluoresceindiacetate and flow cytometry analysis. After treatment with C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 , either alone or with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), for 6 h, the generation of ROS was measured by flow cytometry analysis. Tumor cells were exposed to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 , either alone or with NAC, for 24 and 48 h, while cell viability was determined by SRB assay. RESULTS The cell viability was significantly reduced following exposure to C87 0.05-1 μmol.L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h in a concentration-dependent manner in A549, HCT116, HeLa and SMMC7721 cells(P<0.05). At 72 h, the value of r2 was 0.946, 0.989, 0.973 and 0.984(P<0.05), respectively. The cell viability was significantly reduced following exposure to C87 1 μmol.L-1 for 24 - 72 h in a time-dependent manner in A549, HCT116, HeLa and SMMC7721 cells(P<0.05). The value of r2 was 0.983, 0.956, 0.951 and 0.873(P<0.05), respectively. The generation of ROS was increased after exposure to C87 0.25-2.5 μmol.L-1 in a concentration-dependent manner in HCT116 and HeLa cells for 6 h (r2 = 0.760, P = 0.045: r2 = 0.987, P=0.001), and after exposure to C87 2.5 μmol.L-1 in a time-dependent manner in HCT116 and HeLa cells for 0.5-6 h (r2 = 0.886, P = 0.017: r2 = 0.994, P = 0.000).The C87-induced ROS generation could be blocked by NAC in HCT116 and HeLa cells(P<0.05). The C87 induced cell death could be blocked by NAC 5 and 10 mmol.L-1 , and the Gl50 value was 1.446 and 1.134 μmol.L-1 for 24 h (the Gl50 value of C87 group was 0.513 μmol.L-1 ), and 0.882 and 1.166 μmol.L-1 for 48 h (the Gl50 value of C87 group was 0.333 μmol.L-1 ). CONCLUSION The novel epipolythiodioxopiperazine derivative C87 exerts potent antitumor activity in vitro, possibly via triggering ROS production.

After a description of the emergency and development of subject librarian system, the subject librarian system in universities of USA and China was comparatively analyzed in aspects ofits management mechanisms , litera-cy of subject librarians and their duties.The problems in relation to subject service in domestic academic libraries were pointed out with suggestions put forward for their solution in order to further perfect the subject librarian system in domestic academic libraries.

Anemia, Aplastic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Severity of Illness Index

Objective To set up a new diagnostic platform based on microarray exon-capture and next-generation sequencing for detecting small mutations in dystrophin gene.The sensitivity and specificity of the method were assessed in clinical settings and the distribution of small mutations in Chinese Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) patients were also analyzed.Methods Forty-one DMD/BMD patients diagnosed by the clinical criteria without large deletion or duplication (≥ 1exon) were recruited from Peking Union Medical College Hospital consecutively.Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples.The libraries were prepared.Then exon and intron-exon flanking sequences of DMD gene were captured by custom microarray.Targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger Sequencing were conducted.The patients who were not detected any disease-causing mutation were performed muscle biopsy.Results Thirty-eight subjects were detected small mutations in DMD gene.All single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion & deletions (INDELs) were validated by Sanger sequencing.Twenty-one novel mutations were reported.The distribution of SNVs and INDELs was similar to other international DMD databases.Upon immunohistochemistry staining of dystrophin protein,1 of 3 mutation-undetected patients was diagnosed as DMD,2 of them were excluded.The specificity of the method was 100％,while the sensitivity was 97.4％.Conclusions Our microarray-captured next-generation sequencing assay could detect SNVs and INDELs with high sensitivity and specificity.Its advantages are economic,time-saving and stable.The platform is suitable for clinical gene diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the right ventricular morphology and function of patients with atrial septal defects by single beat real-time three-dimensional echocardiography.Methods Thirty-four healthy volunteers and twenty-seven ASD patients were enrolled consecutively as normal controls and the ASD group respectively.Single cardiac cycle real-time three dimensional echocardiography was performed in all to evaluate parameters concerning modality and systolic function of participants' right ventricle.The relationship of indexed right ventricular end diastolic volume (IEDVRV) and end systolic volume(IESVRV)with mean pulmonary arterial pressure measured through cardiac catheter and systolic pulmonary artery pressure calculated though the three tricuspid regurgitation were observed.Results Indexed right ventricular end diastolic volume (IEDVRv),end systolic volume(IESVRV),right ventricular stroke volume (ISVRV) and right ventrieular ejection fraction (RVEF) were greater in the ASD group than in controls (P ＜ 0.05).IEDVRv and IESVRV had positive relation with pulmonary pressure measured by cardiac catheter and systolic pulmonary artery pressure calculated though the three tricuspid regurgitation.Conclusions Single cardiac cycle real-time three dimensional echocardiography has an obvious advantage than normal test in evaluating the change of the right ventricular function and shapes,furthermore,single cardiac cycle real-time three dimensional echocardiography can indirectly determined the pressure of the pulmonary without wound.