Objective: To explore the trend of blood pressure among children and adolescents and its correlation with pubertal development and nutritional status, so as to provide a scientific basis for developing prevention strategies targeting early stage hypertension. Methods: In September 2023, a multi stage random cluster sampling was used to select 20 241 primary and secondary school students aged 7-18 years from 57 schools in Jinzhong, whose height, weight, and blood pressure were measured. The Chi square test for trend was used to analyze the change trend in the detection rate of elevated blood pressure and hypertension in children and adolescents with the development of adolescence puberty, and the Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between elevated blood pressure and hypertension and nutritional status. Results: The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 17.3% among children and adolescents. The middle and late pubertal groups had the highest prevalence (23.2% and 24.3%), followed by the early pubertal group (19.5%) and the prepuberty group (10.8%) ( χ 2 trend =372.86， P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension was 14.8%, with the highest prevalence reported in the late pubertal group (22.4%), followed by the middle pubertal group (18.9%), and the early pubertal (13.0%)/prepuberty (12.2%) groups ( χ 2 trend =175.43， P <0.01). The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension increased with pubertal development, regardless of gender, region, or nutritional status ( χ 2 trend =9.21-771.90, P <0.01). Overweight and obesity were influencing factors of elevated blood pressure and hypertension among children and adolescents during all stages of pubertal development ( OR =1.2-2.8， P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension among children and adolescents during pubertal development is high, showing an increasing trend with pubertal development.

随着铜绿假单胞菌（铜绿）的耐药性逐年增强，铜绿感染已经成为公共医疗卫生的重点关注问题。线粒体自噬及其介导的线粒体功能障碍在多种细菌感染中已被报道，但线粒体功能障碍在宿主调控铜绿感染中的作用尚不明确。因此，本研究建立铜绿刺激小鼠巨噬细胞感染模型和小鼠急性铜绿感染模型，探讨铜绿是否通过诱导线粒体自噬改变线粒体功能，进而影响宿主免疫炎症反应和细胞毒性，并通过监测生存率和肺组织病理学变化进一步确定线粒体自噬在小鼠铜绿体内感染模型中的作用。结果表明，铜绿引起小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞线粒体功能障碍，并通过线粒体自噬途径清除铜绿刺激引起的活性氧（ROS）累积，从而抑制铜绿引起的促炎性细胞因子分泌并增强细胞毒性。体内实验进一步确认线粒体自噬在铜绿体内感染中的作用。
Mice ; Animals ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Mitochondria ; Cytokines/metabolism*

Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an oncogene involved in tumour genesis and progression. It is expressed in 7% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and is associated with drug resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies. With the emergence of the therapeutic dilemma of CRC and the survival benefits of targeting HER2 for patients with breast cancer and gastric cancer, the significance of HER2 in CRC and the prognostic value of anti-HER2 therapy have been widely concerned, clinical researches on HER2-positive CRC have been continuously carried out. Currently, the diagnostic criteria for HER2 positive CRC have gradually been unified. HER2-targeting therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug coupling and HER2-related immunotherapy alone or in combination have shown good efficacy and brought significant survival benefits for HER2 positive CRC. This paper reviews the research progress of HER2 in CRC.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke with symptom onset exceeding 24 h.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, data were extracted from patients who underwent endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke at the First Hospital of Jilin University from February 2019 to April 2022. A total of 569 patients were included, with a mean age of 63 (54-70) years. Among them, 398 (69.9%) were male. The patients were divided into two groups based on symptom onset time:>24 h group and≤24 h group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the patients in a 1︰1 ratio between the>24 h group and the≤24 h group. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the impact of symptom onset time on outcome events.Results:Before PSM, compared with≤24 h group, the>24 h group had a younger age [56 (48, 64) vs. 64 (55, 70), Z=-3. 60, P<0.001]; lower proportion of prior atrial fibrillation [1.8% (1/57) vs. 21.1% (108/512), χ2=12.39, P<0.001]; lower proportion of wake-up stroke [7.0% (4/57) vs. 27.7% (142/512), χ2=11.54, P<0.001]; lower baseline NIHSS score [11.0 (7.5, 14.0) vs. 13.0 (10.0, 16.0), Z=-3.22, P<0.001]; and a higher American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology(ASITN/SIR) grading ( P<0.001). After PSM, there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score≤2 at 90 days after surgery between the two groups (before matching: 42.0% vs. 40.4%, OR=0.745, 95% CI 0.407-1.362, P=0.339; after matching: 51.8% vs. 39.3%, OR=0.511, 95% CI 0.212-1.236, P=0.136). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of any safety outcomes between the>24 h group and the≤24 h group. Conclusion:For patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke with symptom onset exceeding 24 h, EVT is feasible after strict radiological screening and has similar safety and effectiveness as for patients with symptom onset under 24 h.

Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment(EVT)in patients with acute posterior circulation ischemic stroke over 24 hours from onset.Methods This retrospective study retrospectively analyzed patients with acute posterior circulation ischemic stroke who received EVT in the Department of Neurology,First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2018 to June 2023.The patient's gender,age and other related demographic information were collected.The related examination results of patients were collected,including admission rapid blood glucose,admission systolic blood pressure,admission diastolic blood pressure.The related risk factors of stroke of patients were collected,including previous transient ischemic attack,hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,and history of drinking,smoking history,etc.;other related indicators were collected,including intravenous thrombolysis,tandem lesions,awakening stroke,baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,and baseline posterior circulation Alberta stroke program early CT score(pc-ASPECTS),collateral circulation grade of American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology(ASITN/SIR),onset to EVT puncture time,the trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment(TOAST)classification and outcome indicators(efficacy indicators included 90 days Modified Rankin scale[mRS]score≤3 after EVT,successful recanalization[extended cerebral infarction thrombolytic recanalization class 2b-3];security indexes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage[sICH]within 24 h after EVT and 90 d mortality after EVT).According to the symptom onset to EVT puncture time,the patients were divided into two groups:≤24h group and＞24h group.The patients with onset time＞24 h and those with onset time≤24 h were matched at a ratio of 1:1 by propensity score matching(PSM).All patients were divided into poor prognosis group(mRS score＞3)and good prognosis group(mRS score ≤ 3)according to mRS score at 90 days after EVT.Using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of onset time on clinical outcomes at 90 days after EVT.Results A total of 366 patients were enrolled in this study,including 284 males and 82 females.The median age was 61(55,68)years old,ranging from 25 to 91 years old.Before PSM,the＞24h group had lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation(2.02％[2/99]vs.9.74％[26/267],P=0.025)and lower baseline NIHSS score(10.0[5.0,19.0]vs.14.0[10.0,35.0],P＜0.01)and higher ASTIN/SIR collateral grade(P=0.018).After PSM,we did not find statistical difference between the two groups in baseline characteristics except for the onset to EVT puncture time.Before and after PSM,there was no significant difference in efficacy and safety between the onset time＞24 h group and the onset time ≤24h group.Univariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension(OR,0.613,95％CI 0.391-0.942,P=0.025),intravenous thrombolysis(OR,3.235,95％CI 1.316-9.237,P=0.010),baseline NIHSS score(OR,0.975,95％CI 0.957-0.988,P＜0.01),baseline pc-ASPECTS(OR,1.281,95％CI 1.101-1.482,P=0.001)and sICH within 24 h after EVT(OR,0.070,95％CI 0.000-0.330,P＜0.01)were significantly correlated with prognosis.Gender,age,hypertension,baseline NIHSS score,intravenous thrombolysis,baseline pc-ASPECTS,ASTIN/SIR collateral grade,onset time＞24 h and sICH within 24 h after EVT were included in the multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis.The multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset time＞24 h was not associated with poor prognosis 90 d after EVT(aOR,1.635,95％CI 0.936-2.893,P=0.087).Conclusion EVT for acute posterior circulation ischemic stroke more than 24 hours after onset is feasible under strict imaging screening,and its safety and efficacy are similar to those in patients with onset under 24 hours.

Objective:To establish the normal reference range of the ratio of fetal umbilical venous flow rate to umbilical artery pulsatility index (VAI).Methods:A total of 816 normal fetuses underwent prenatal examination and delivery were randomly selected from October 2018 to December 2020 in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Fetal weight was obtained by measuring fetal biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femoral length.Umbilical venous flow (Quv) was measured. Umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI) was obtained in the free segment of amniotic fluid. Quv was standardized according to fetal size to calculate the umbilical venous flow rate (nQuv) and VAI. The association between Quv, nQuv, UA-PI, VAI and the fetal gestational week were analyzed using correlation analysis. VAI was presented as ± s, the upper limit of 95% reference value and the lower limit of 5% reference value were taken as the standards of VAI increase and decrease, respectively. Twenty-six fetuses whose VAI were lower than limit of 5% and 20 fetuse whose VAI were than limit of 95% were chosed as the case group. Results:①Fetal Quv was positively correlated with gestational week ( r=0.893, P<0.001), nQuv and UA-PI were negatively correlated with gestational week ( r=-0.552, -0.827; all P<0.001), and VAI had no significant correlation with gestational week ( r=0.000, P=0.758); ②The mean, standard deviation, lower 5% reference value, and upper 95% reference value of VAI were 195.81, 55.61, 105.95, and 293.33, respectively; ③In the cases with abnormal VAI, 26 fetuses with reduced VAI, of whom there were 16 cases of maternal hypertension, and 13 cases complicated by severe preeclampsia; 1 case with 40 turns of umbilical cord torsion, 3 cases of stillbirth, 16 cases of preterm delivery, 19 cases of low neonatal birth body weight, 4 cases of 1-min Apgar score ≤7, 6 cases of umbilical artery blood pH<7.2, and 1 case without abnormalities in fetus during pregnancy and follow-up newborn. Among the 20 fetuses with increased VAI, there were 10 cases of fetal severe thalassemia, 2 cases of thalassemia, 1 case of sacrococcygeal teratoma, 1 case of portal venous shunt, 3 cases of placental chorioangioma, and 3 cases without abnormalities in fetus during pregnancy and follow-up newborn. Conclusions:The measurement and calculation of fetal VAI is simple and easy to perform. As a comprehensive index, fetal VAI remains constant in mid and late pregnancy, facilitates the follow-up of abnormal fetuses, and has potential clinical application.

Ovarian cancer is the most malignant gynecologic malignancy. In recent years, histone modifying enzymes (HMEs) have been widely studied as an important part of epigenetic modifi-cations in ovarian cancer. Histone modifying enzymes, including histone methyltransferases and demethylases, histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases, play an important role in the prolif-eration and migration of ovarian cancer cells by modifying histone and non-histone proteins, and can regulate the development of chemoresistance. Inhibitors of various histone modifying enzymes play good anti-tumor effects in ovarian cancer by promoting cell growth arrest and apoptosis, inhibi¬ting tumor cell invasion, and increasing chemo¬therapy sensitivity, and are expected to be a new strategy for precision treatment of ovarian cancer. Therefore, this paper will review the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of histone modifying enzymes involved in methylation and acetylation processes in ovarian cancer.

Objective To establish a quality control system of volatile oil of Chunyang Zhengqi capsules. Methods The chromatogram of volatile oil was established by GC method, and the contents of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol were determined. Results In 15 batches of samples, 19 common peaks were identified, and 9 characteristic peaks were selected to establish the characteristic spectrum. The linear ranges of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol were 0.522 - 1.565 mg/ml (r=0.9994) and 3.038 - 9.115 mg/ml (r=0.9997), respectively. The average recoveries were 97.1% and 97.3%, with RSD of 1.5% and 1.4%, respectively. Conclusion The established GC characteristic map and content determination method could control the quality of essential oil in Chunyang Zhengqi capsules qualitatively and quantitatively. The method is accurate and feasible which could be used as the quality control method of essential oil in Chunyang Zhengqi capsules.

Cervical cancer has become an important disease that jeopardizes women′s health, causing hundreds of thousands of new cases annually. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause for cervical cancer. Since the world′s first HPV vaccine was licensed in 2006, 92 countries around the world have introduced them in national immunization programs. The WHO recommends that scientific economic evaluation should be achieved before the introduction, but this is more difficult for low-and middle-income countries. Therefore, this article introduces a mathematical model recommended by WHO in 2014 to quickly and easily accomplish economic evaluation of HPV vaccine -the PRIME, and take the China′s 2018 data published by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as an example. The evaluation result shows that the introduction of HPV vaccine in Chinese 12-year-old women is cost-effective.

Cervical cancer has become an important disease that jeopardizes women′s health, causing hundreds of thousands of new cases annually. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause for cervical cancer. Since the world′s first HPV vaccine was licensed in 2006, 92 countries around the world have introduced them in national immunization programs. The WHO recommends that scientific economic evaluation should be achieved before the introduction, but this is more difficult for low?and middle?income countries. Therefore, this article introduces a mathematical model recommended by WHO in 2014 to quickly and easily accomplish economic evaluation of HPV vaccine?the PRIME, and take the China′s 2018 data published by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as an example. The evaluation result shows that the introduction of HPV vaccine in Chinese 12?year?old women is cost?effective.