ObjectiveThrough the correlation analysis between intestinal absorption profile and inhibition of macrophage foaming， the pharmacodynamic components of Zhuriheng dripping pills（ZRH） were explored to provide a basis for establishing its quality standard. MethodIntestinal absorption fluids with 0， 5， 10， 15， 20 times clinical equivalent doses were prepared by a rat everted gut sac（EGS）， and the oxidized low density lipoprotein（ox-LDL）-induced RAW264.7 macrophage foaming model was used to investigate the effect of intestinal absorption fluid with different doses on the accumulation of lipids in RAW264.7 cells by oil red O staining and cholesterol content determination， and to screen for the optimal dose. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS） was used to analyze and identify intestinal absorption fractions of ZRH intestinal absorption fluids， and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were performed on different doses of ZRH intestinal absorption fluids using SIMCA 13.0 with peak area as the independent variable and the pharmacodynamic indicators as the dependent variables to screen the compounds with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1.0 as contributing components， and Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the spectral effect relationship， determined the compounds and positive correlation with pharmacodynamic were as active ingredients. Molecular docking was used to verify the binding energy of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α（PPARα）， PPARγ， PPARβ， human retinoid X receptor α（RXRA） and nuclear transcription factor-κB（NF-κB） with the active ingredients in ZRH intestinal absorption fluids. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） was performed to detect the mRNA levels of PPARγ， scavenger receptor A1（SRA1） and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1（ABCA1） in RAW264.7 cells， Westen blot was used to detect the expression level of PPARγ protein in RAW264.7 cells， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the levels of interleukin（IL）-1β and NF-κB in RAW264.7 cells. ResultAccording to the results of oil red O staining and cholesterol content determination， the ZRH intestinal absorption fluids could significantly reduce macrophage foaming， and intestinal absorption fluids with 15， 20 times clinical equivalent doses had the best effect， the 15-fold ZRH intestinal absorption fluid was finally determined as the study subject. Spectral effect relationship showed that 52 corresponding peaks in the ZRH-containing intestinal fluid were positively correlated with the efficacy， including organic acids， phenylpropanoids， iridoids， flavonoids， bile acids， coumarins and chromones. Target validation results showed that 86.9%-96.2% of the total components processed good binding activities with the key targets of PPARα， PPARγ， PPARβ， RXRA and NF-κB， and the docking energy values were all less than -6.0 kcal·mol^-1（1 cal≈4.19 J）. The results of validation showed that， compared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant increase in the levels of SRA1 and PPARγ mRNA expression， a significant decrease in ABCA1 mRNA expression， a significant increase in the level of PPARγ protein expression， and a significant increase in the levels of IL-1β and NF-κB（P<0.01）， compared with the model group， the 15-fold intestinal absorption fluid group showed a significant decrease in the levels of SRA1 and PPARγ mRNA expression（P<0.05， P<0.01）， ABCA1 mRNA expression level was significantly up-regulated， the levels of IL-1β and NF-κB were significantly reduced（P<0.01）， and PPARγ protein expression level was significantly reduced（P<0.05）. ConclusionThis study identifies 52 components and their metabolites in ZRH intestinal absorption fluid that are positively correlated with the inhibition of macrophage foaming， which may be related to the regulation of the PPARs pathway in cells and the reduction of the levels of inflammatory factors， and can provide a reference for the quality control and clinical application of ZRH.

Objective To establish the methods of galvanic vestibular stimulation-vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(GVS-VEMPs)in healthy children and to obtain the normal value of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP in these children in China.Methods Twenty(3～14 years)healthy children and 24 healthy adults(18～30 years)were enrolled for conventional examinations of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP.Using the galvanic stimulation in-tensity under 3 mA/1 ms for children and 5 mA/1 ms for adults.The characteristics of elicitation and parameter re-sults of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP in children and adults,as well as the pain scores and the elicitation of differ-ent stimulus intensities in the two age groups were recorded.Results The elicitation of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP were both 100.0％in children and adult groups.The p1 latency,n1 latency and p1-n1 interval latency of GVS-cVEMP were 10.46±1.84 ms,16.98±2.12 ms and 6.52±1.42 ms respectively in children group,the n1 la-tency and p1-n1 interval latency were significantly shorter than the adult group(P＜0.05).The n1 latency,p1 la-tency and p1-n1 interval latency of GVS-oVEMP were 8.87±1.40 ms,12.25±1.80 ms and 3.39±1.07 ms re-spectively in children group with no significant difference between the two groups.The thresholds of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP in children group were significantly lower than adult group(P＜0.01),but no differences were found in adult group regarding on the amplitude and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio.In addition,with the in-crease of the intensity of galvanic stimulation,the correlation between pain scores and the elicitation rates of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP also increased.Conclusion Using appropriate stimulus intensity and recording methods,GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP could be successfully assessed and detected in healthy children over 3 years old and adolescents.The latency of GVS-cVEMP in children is slightly shorter than that in adults,therefore we recommend selecting the matched age group for assessment in the children group.

Objective:To observe any effect of fast walking on walking speed, 6-minute walking test (6MWT) time, and on serum levels of growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with sarcopenia.Methods:A total of 61 sarcopenia patients were randomly divided into an observation group ( n=31) and a control group ( n=30). Both groups were given conventional drug therapy. In addition, the observation group underwent 30-minutes of walking at 100-120 steps/min (about 60% of maximum heart rate) three times a week for 12 weeks. The control group also walked, but at 70-90 steps/min (less than 50% of maximum heart rate). Grip strength, walking speed, 6MWT time, skeletal muscle index (ASMI) and serum GDF-8 and IGF-1 were compared before and after the intervention. Results:There were no significant differences in grip strength or ASMI between observation group and control group (comparing males with males and females with females) before the experiment. Afterward, grip strength and ASMI in the observation group had increased significantly on average. Both were then significantly higher than the control groups′ averages, which had not changed significantly. Average walking speed, 6MWT time and serum IGF-1 levels had improved significantly in both groups, but the observation group′s average improvement was significantly greater. A significant decrease the average serum GDF-8 level was observed in the observation group, but not in the control group.Conclusion:Fast walking can improve the walking of persons with sarcopenia, raise serum IGF-1 levels, and significantly reduce serum GDF-8.

Objective To observe the electromyography characteristics of children's handwriting with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and explore its electrophysiological mechanism,so as to provide an objective basis for developing non-pharmacological treatment for such children.Methods Between September 2021 and April 2022,29 ADHD children were recruited from an ordinary public primary school and the psychiatric clinic of a class-3 grade-A hospital in Beijing.Among them,25 were boys and 4 were girls,with an average age of 8.21±1.78 years.Meanwhile,23 male and 5 fe-male healthy counterparts were selected with the age gap no more than 6 months.The Delsys wireless surface EMG system was used to collect the electromyographic signals of the abductor pollicis breve,the first dorsal interosseous muscle,the flexor radial carpi motor and the extensor finger muscles dur-ing their writing tasks such as tracing trajectories,writing Arabic numerals 0-9,26 small and capital English letters,Chinese characters one to ten and"Yong".The percentage of the averaged electromyog-raphy(AEMG)of a muscle in the sum value of all measured muscles,and the coefficient of differ-ence were selected to evaluate the muscle contribution rate and the consistency of exertion,respective-ly.Moreover,the independent sample t-test was employed to compare the two different groups with the significance set at α=0.05.Results There was a significant difference in the muscle contribution of abductor pollicis breve and first dorsal interosseous muscles when writing Arabic numerals and that of abductor pollicis breve muscles when writing Chinese characters between ADHD children(27.29%,25.58%and 27.53%)and their healthy counterparts(42.87%,19.96%and 37.13%)(P<0.05).Most muscle differentiation coefficients of ADHD children were higher than 100%,with that of the domi-nant hand radial wrist flexor muscle reaching 270%in the trajectory tracing task.Conclusion Accord-ing to the characteristics of EMG signals,school-age ADHD children show an immature writing pat-tern,including poor stability of writing-related muscles,insufficient control of small finger muscle groups,poor control of hand coordination,and insufficient muscle inhibition of non-dominant hand.It is recommended to conduct the electromyoelectric assessment of handwriting movements in ADHD chil-dren,so as to carry out targeted intervention at an early stage.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of harpagide and harpagoside content in Scrophularia ningpoensis (SN). Methods An Eclipse C₁₈ column was used for determination of methanol extract of S. ningpoensis with a HPLC-PDA method and mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.03% phosphate solution in a gradient elution manner. The flow rate of mobile phase was 1.0 ml/min, and the detection wavelengths were 210 nm and 280 nm. Results Harpagide and harpagoside contents in SN showed good linear relationships within 0.1020-0.5100 mg/ml (r=0.9999) and 0.0340-0.1700 mg/ml (r=0.9999). Their average recovery rates were 97.44% and 97.08%.The RSDs were 0.93% and 1.24%.. There were significant differences in the contents of harpagide and harpagoside in SN from 15 origins (P<0.01). The content of harpagoside in Sichuan Long-dong, Zhejiang Lin-an, Zhejiang Pan-an and Henan Nan-feng is higher. Conclusion This method is stable, accurate and reproducible and can be used for the quality control of SN.

Objective To study the features and clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in prosthetic vascular graft infections (PVGIs) after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).Methods Data of 27 patients (22 males and 5 females,age range:21-77 years,average age:42 years) who underwent PET/CT imaging after EVAR from October 2011 to January 2017 were studied retrospectively.A total of 11 cases were finally diagnosed as PVGIs (PVGIs group),and the remaining 16 cases were defined as the negative group.PET/CT imaging features were compared between two groups.The detection rates of PET/CT and aortic CT angiography (CTA) for PVGIs were calculated and compared.Two-sample t test and Fisher exact test were used for data analysis.Results Significant uptake of FDG around the stents was detected by PET/CT in all patients in PVGIs group.The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 11 patients in early imaging was 14.9±3.3 (10.8-21.8) and that of 9 patients in delayed imaging was 13.8±3.4 (10.6-19.1).Six patients of the negative group underwent the delayed imaging.No uptake or mild uptake of FDG around the stents was observed in negative group,with the SUVmax of 1.7±0.8(1.0--2.9) in early imaging and 1.6±0.7(1.1-2.5) in delayed imaging.SUVmax in negative group was significantly lower than that in PVGIs group (t values:12.6 and 11.8,both P＜0.001).Five patients in PVGIs group were diagnosed as graft infections by the aortic CTA,while the remaining 6 cases showed no definitive infection signs on aortic CTA.The detection rate of aortic CTA was 5/11,which was significantly lower than that of PET/CT (P＜0.05).In negative group,6 patients had abnormal FDG uptakes in other areas and were finally confirmed as infectious lesions (n=3) or malignant tumors (n=3).Conclusion Compared with aortic CTA,18F-FDG PET/CT is more sensitive and accurate in detection and diagnosis of PVGIs after EVAR.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of susceptibility weighted imaging ( SWI) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury(MTBI).Methods From June 2016 to October 2017,a retrospective analysis of 89 patients with MTBI (Glasgow score 13 to 15) in the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District was conducted.All patients were given head CT ,MRI and SWI within 1 week after admission.Combined with CT and phase diagram ,after removing blood vessels ,calcification and skull base artifact ,the low signal intensity on the SWI was cerebral contusion and hemorrhage.The sites,the number and the size of lesion detected on CT ,MRI and SWI images were recorded and analyzed with clinical symptoms.Results According to the presence or absence of clinical symptoms in the group ,the detection rates of microbleeds hemorrhage in patients with traumatic cerebral by SWI were 94.4%,54.2%,100.0%, 95.5%,respectively,which were higher than those by CT (16.6%,4.2%,15.0%,4.5%) and MRI conventional sequences(33.3%,8.3%,20.0%,13.6%),the differences were statistically significant (χ2＝6.633,P＝0.010;χ2＝4.260,P＝0.039,all P ＜0.05),especially in MTBI patients with a history of transient coma or persistent clinical symptoms after trauma(the detection rate was 100.0%).Conclusion Compared with conventional CT and MRI,the micro-contusion and small hemorrhagic lesions of SWI is more accurate and important in the diagnosis of MTBI,and has a significant prognostic value for clinical treatment and judgment of patients with MTBI .

Objective:To detect genomic aberrations and investigate the expression and clinical significance of TBX2,CHK2, and p53 in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) tissues. Methods:We collected 63 cases of MPNST tissue samples, which were re-moved by resection and were confirmed by pathology, from January 1991 to December 2011 in Department of Bone and Sofer Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. Twelve fresh tumor samples with qualified DNA quality were selected from the above 63 cases of tissue samples. Genome abnormalities of 12 MPNST tissues were detected by next-generation sequencing. The protein expression levels of TBX2, CHK2, and p53 in 63 MPNST tissue samples were assessed by immunohistochemistry staining. Results:One case of TBX2 gene mutation was observed out of the 12 MPNST tissue samples. In 63 MPNST tissue samples, the protein expression rates of TBX2, CHK2, and p53 were 60.3%(38/63), 47.6%(30/63), and 30.2%(19/63), respectively. TBX2 expression was sig-nificantly correlated with AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC) stage, recurrence, and metastasis (P<0.05). TBX2 expres-sion was directly correlated with that of CHK2 (r=0.254, P=0.045), and CHK2 expression was directly correlated with that of p53 (r=0.343, P=0.006). In terms of the disease-free survival and overall survival time, patients with high expression levels of TBX2, CHK2, and p53 had significantly worse prognosis than patients with low expression levels of TBX2, CHK2, and p53(all P<0.05). TBX2, CHK2, and p53 were independent prognostic factors of MPNST. Conclusion:TBX2 and its associated proteins may play important roles in MPNST development and progression. Detecting TBX2 expression may provide the theoretical basis for estimating the prognosis of patients with MPNST.

Objective To explore the effects of different degrees of intermittent hypoxia (IH) on the activation and the secretion of extracellular matrix in MLg lung fibroblast cell line. Methods MLg lung fibroblast cells in logarithmic growth phase were exposed for 5%O2 for 100 seconds and 21%O2 for 120 seconds in 1 h, 4 h and 8 h groups (IH1, IH4 and IH8) and normoxia group (21%O2 for 8 h, N group). The cells in each group were collected at the end of experiment. Real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels ofα-SMA and typeⅠcollagen (COL1) A1, and Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression levels ofα-SMA and COL1. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels ofα-SMA and COL1 were significantly increased in IH1, IH4 and IH8 groups than those in N group (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, expression levels of α-SMA and COL1 showed a time-dependent increase with IH exposure time. Conclusion The intermittent hypoxia can promote the cell activation and the extracellular matrix secretion of mouse lung fibroblast cells, which may be related with the oxidative stress.

Objective To discuss the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) sonography in diagnosing arcuate uterus and septate uterus and propose a quantitative indicator in distinguishing arcuate uterus and septate uterus.Methods Ninety-six patients with suspected congenital uterine malformation underwent 3D sonography to assess uterine anomalies at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from August 2011 to March 2013.Uterine coronal section was reconstructed and measured in onmi view imaging mode of 3D sonography.Then qualitative diagnosis and categorization was done.The results were compared with diagnosis of hysteroscopy,hysteroscopy combined with laparoscope to determine the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values,negative predictive values and total accuracy of 3D sonography in diagnosing arcuate uterus,partial and complete septate uterus respectively.The variable was created in coronal section of uterus constructed through 3D imaging mode to differentiate arcuate uterus from septate uterus.Results There were 33 cases (34.4％,33/96) of arcuate uterus,54 cases (56.2％,54/96) of partial septate uterus and 9 cases (9.4％,9/96) of complete uterus in 96 cases diagnosed by 3D sonography.The accuracy of 3D sonography in diagnosing arcuate uterus and septate uterus was 86.5％.We concluded that 3D sonography had 100％ sensitivity,82.9％ specificity,60.6％ positive predictive value and 100％negative predictive value in the diagnosis of arcuate uterus.The sensitivity of 3D sonography for diagnosis of partial septate uterus was 80.6％,the specificity was 100％,the positive predictive value was 100％,and the negative predictive value was 69.1％.The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of 3D sonography for detecting complete septate uterus were all 100％.The ratio of depth of uterine internal indentation and depth from uterine fundus to the top of intemal indentation was more than 50％ for septate uterus,while less than 50％ for most of the arcuate uterus.Conclusions The diagnostic efficiency of 3D sonography in specific uterine malformation is different.The new quantitative indicator maybe helpful in improving the accuracy of 3D sonography in diagnosing arcuate uterus and septate uterus.