In recent years， with frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases around the world， the global public health is faced with many threats and challenges. An infectious diseases early warning system is an important means for prevention and control of infectious diseases. As an important part of the early warning system， the warning indicators is crucial for understanding the occurrence and development trend of infectious diseases， detecting abnormal situations timely and effectively， and issuing early warning and initiating emergency response. Based on the occurrence and development process of infectious diseases， this paper summarizes the research status of early warning indicators on infectious diseases， in order to provide reference for the development and improvement of the infectious diseases early warning system.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the preventive effect of cucurbitacin B （CB） on sepsis-induced acute lung injury （ALI） and its mechanism. METHODS The mice were divided into control group， model group， dexamethasone group （positive control， 2 mg/kg）， CB low-dose and high-dose groups （25， 50 mg/kg）. Each group was given relevant medicine intraperitoneally， once a day， for 3 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration， those groups were given lipopolysaccharide （10 mg/kg） intraperitoneally to establish sepsis-induced ALI model （finally， 8 mice per group were included in the experiment）， except for control group. Twenty-four hours after medication， blood routine indicators （total white blood cell count， neutrophils count， lymphocytes count）， lung function indicators （total lung resistance， pulmonary outflow resistance， lung dynamic compliance， peak expiratory flow rate， and maximum ventilation volume）， dry wet ratio of lung tissue were measured in each group. The lung tissue level of myeloperoxidase （MPO）， and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin 1β （IL-1β）， IL-6， superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were all detected. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed； immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （p-STAT3） in the lung tissue. Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of proteins related to IL-6/JAK2/ STAT3 signaling pathway in the lung tissue. RESULTS Compared with control group， total pulmonary resistance， pulmonary flow resistance， dry wet ratio of lung tissue， the total white blood cell count， neutrophils count， lymphocytes count of whole blood， the lung tissue level of MPO and serum levels of MDA， IL-6， IL-1β and TNF-α， the p-STAT3 protein optical density value， the protein expressions of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor， and the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 protein were increased significantly in the model group （P＜0.01）， while lung dynamic compliance， peak expiratory flow rate， maximum ventilation volume and serum level of SOD were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Pulmonary tissue showed alveolar collapse and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Compared with the model group， the above indexes of mice were reversed significantly in dexamethasone group and CB groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， the pathological damage of lung tissue was reduced. CONCLUSIONS CB can prevent sepsis-induced ALI by inhibiting the activity of Δ 基金项目遵义市科技计划项目（No.202252） IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and relieving ＊第一作者主治医师。研究方向：重症医学。E-mail：fjuanxui@ 163.com inflammatory reactions. # 通信作者 主任医师。研究方向：儿童呼吸系统疾病诊断与治

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between Twist2 and the prognosis and vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer patients,and to explore the role and mechanism of Twist2 in vascular infiltration of ovarian cancer.Methods:KM plotter was used to explore the correaltion between Twist2 mRNA expression and overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS)and post progression survival(PPS)in ovarian cancer.To analyze the cor-relation between Twist2 and vascular infiltration in ovarian cancer using the cancer genomics database cBioPor-tal.In vitro experiment:Transwell method was employed to determine the role of Twist2 in the invasion and migra-tion abilities of ovarian cancer cell CAOV3[blank group,negative control group(siNC group),siTwist2 group].Uti-lizing Realtime-PCR and Western blot to clarify the changes in Twist2 and VEGFC expression in CAOV3 cells af-ter downregulating Twist2 expression at the RNA and protein levels,respectively.Results:①Online data analysis of KM plotter showed that the ovarian cancer patients with high expression of Twist2 were associated with poor prognosis,with OS(HR 1.24,95％Cl 1.01-1.52),PFS(HR 1.39,95％CI 1.14-1.70)and PPS(HR 1.37,95％CI 1.08-1.74)all showing statistical significance(P＜0.05).CBioportal analysis showed that Twist2 mRNA expression was positively correlated with vascular infiltration(r=0.93,P=0.001)and lymphatic infiltration(r=0.89,P=0.009)in ovarian cancer.②Compared with the blank group and siNC group,in vitro experiment Tran-swell assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of ovarian cancer cells in siTwist2 group was significant-ly reduced(P＜0.05).In mRNA and protein level,Realtime-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the blank group and siNC group,the expression of Twist2,as well as VEGFC,were significantly reduced in the siTwist2 group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The expression of Twist2 in ovarian cancer is closely related to tumor prognosis and vascular infiltration.After downregulating Twist2,the number of cells that migrate and invade is sig-nificantly reduced,and the expression of VEGFC is reduced.Twist2 can induce migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells through VEGFC,which may be one of the indicators for prognosis evaluate and targeted therapy of ovarian cancer in future.