Objective This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Danggui Shaoyao Pulvis on diabetic nephropathy(DN)in rats by examining the NF-κB signaling pathway and its potential mechanism.Methods Healthy male SD rats of SPF grade were selected and induced with an early DN rat model using a dual method(high-fat and high-sugar diet+intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin STZ);the rats were randomly divided into the model control group,Danggui Shaoyao Pulvis group,and irbesartan group,while a blank group was set as the control,Each group received the corresponding drugs via gavage for a 4-week intervention period.Various parameters such as body mass,random blood glucose(GLU),24 h water intake,24 h urine volume,24 h urine protein,blood creatinine(Scr),urea nitrogen(BUN),and kidney hypertrophy index(KW/BW)were recorded and measured.Kidney samples were stained with HE and PAS for observation under a light microscope.The serum levels of TNF-ɑ,IL-1β,and IL-6 inflammatory factors were detected using Elisa.The positive expression of NF-κB protein in renal tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared to the blank control group,the model control group exhibited increased kidney volume,KW/BW,GLU,24 h urinary protein quantity,24 h water intake,24 h urine volume,Scr,BUN,serum levels of TNF-ɑ,IL-1β,IL-6,and positive expression of NF-κB in kidney tissue(P<0.05),while body weight decreased(P<0.05).The kidney tissue also showed significant pathological injury.In contrast,the Danggui Shaoyao Pulvis group demonstrated significantly decreased kidney volume,KW/BW,GLU,24 h urinary protein quantity,24 h water intake,24 h urine volume,Scr,serum levels of TNF-ɑ,IL-1β,IL-6,and positive expression of NF-κB in kidney tissue(P<0.05),along with increased body mass(P<0.05).The pathological damage of kidney tissue was alleviated.Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that Danggui Shaoyao Pulvis can effectively reduce the release of TNF-ɑ,IL-1β,and IL-6 inflammatory cytokines in DN rats.This reduction is achieved by down-regulating the expression of NF-κB protein in the inflammatory signaling pathway of kidney tissue.These results indicate that the modulation of NF-κB protein expression may be a crucial mechanism by which Danggui Shaoyao Pulvis exerts its therapeutic effects in treating DN.

Morvan syndrome is a rare clinical disease with complex symptoms,mainly characterized by limb tremors,muscle twitching,spasmodic pain or weakness,excessive sweating,severe constipation,insomnia,and even mental confusion.Professor Song Enfeng believes that Morvan syndrome can be diagnosed as Chanzheng(tremor syndrome),Bumei(insomnia),Bianmi(constipation),Hanzheng(sweating syndrome),and other traditional Chinese medical names according to the clinical symptoms.The patients with this disease are deficient in Ben(primary aspect)and are attacked by disease in Biao(secondary aspect).In Ben(primary aspect),patients were deficient in the Five Zang organs and got Neifeng as the symptom in Biao(secondary aspect).The main pathogenesis is Yin deficiency of the liver and kidney and internal movement of the liver wind.Clinical patterns can be divided into five patterns:Yin deficiency generating wind,fluid deficiency generating wind,phlegm-heat dynamic wind,blood stasis and collateral obstruction wind,and heart-kidney disconnection generating wind,and the main location of the disease is in the liver and kidney,which is related to the spleen,heart,and lungs.Treatment is based on nourishing the liver and kidney,calming the liver,and extinguishing the wind,supplemented by nourishing the Yin and increasing the fluid,generating body fluids and clearing heat and phlegm,activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,and communicating with the heart and kidneys.The four clinical diagnoses were combined to treat both the symptoms and the root cause of the disease;and good results were obtained.A representative case was analyzed and discussed.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have confirmed that anterior approach and posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy were effective, but there is stil no conclusion in which one is better.
OBJECTIVE:To systematical y assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of anterior approach versus posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
METHODS:The databases such as The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2013), PubMed (from 1966 to March 2013), OVID (from 1950 to March 2013), EMbase (from 1966 to March 2013), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (from 1978 to March 2013), WanFang Database (from 1998 to March 2013), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (from 1999 to March 2013) were electronical y searched and five relevant journals were searched by hand to col ect the randomized control ed trials or non-randomized control ed trials about the clinical effectiveness and safety of anterior approach versus posterior approach for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then the meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.2 software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 11 control ed trials involving 814 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that, compared with posterior approach, postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were better (P<0.000 01), improvement rate of neurological function was higher (P=0.000 3), the incidence of C5 root palsy was lower (P=0.007), but operation time was longer (P<0.000 01), amount of intraoperative bleedin g was larger (P=0.000 7), incidence of adjacent segments degeneration was higher (P=0.01), incidence of postoperative complications was higher (P<0.000 01) and the rate of secondary surgical procedures was higher (P=0.003) after anterior approach. Additional y, there were no differences between the two groups in the cervical range of motion (P=0.56). For quantity limitation and low methodological quality of included studies, this conclusion stil needs to be further proved by performing more high-quality and large-scale randomized control ed trials.

BACKGROUND:Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays an important role in telomerase activation, however there is rare report addressing the construction of the lentivirus targeted its genes to inhibit its expression in the spinal cord astrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To construct recombinant lentivirus vector expressing smal interfering RNA against TERT gene and to evaluate its potential for inhibiting the TERT expression.
METHODS:After shRNA-TERT sequence was designed and synthesized, the sequence was amplified by PCR and then connected to plasmid pLentilox3.7U6-hTERT to construct recombinant plasmid. The recombinant plasmid was then transfected to DH5αcel s to screen positive colony, and the sequence was identified. The recombinant plasmid pLentilox3.7U6-TERT was transfected in 293T cel s, generating recombinant lentivirus Le-TERT. The titer of recombinant lentivirus was determined and Le-TERT was transfected into the rat spinal cord astrocytes. The expression of TERT in astrocytes was detected by RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The gene sequencing analysis confirmed that, recombinant plasmid pLentilox3.7U6-TERT was successful y constructed. The real-time quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay indicated that, after Le-TERT was transfected in the astrocytes for 4 days, the inhibition rate of TERT mRNA was (63.98±2.6)%, and Le-TERT was lowly expressed in the transfected astrocytes. Recombinant expression vector pLentilox3.7U6-TERT can produce the lentivirus at high titer and effectively inhibit TERT expression in the transfected astrocytes.

Objective To determine the effects of practicing a simplified 24 movement form of Tai chi on the level of inflammatory cytokines and the quality of life of type 2 diabetes patients. Methods A group of type 2 diabetes patients practiced a simplified 24 movement Tai chi routine 60 min/d, 3 d/week for 6 months. Plasma glu-cose and insulin concentration were monitored. The plasma level of IL-6, IL-18, sCD40L, hsCRP and HBAc1 were measured. Changes in the patients' quality of life were also measured by using the SF-36. Results Serum IL-6,IL-18, hsCRP and sCD40L levels were all significantly lower compared with a control group. Significant quality of life improvements were seen in the Tai chi group compared with the controls. Significant reductions were seen in blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, glucose, insulin resistance and urinary albumin. Conclusions These results sug-gest that regular Tai chi practice can prevent complications and improve the quality of life of diabetes sufferers through glyeaemic control and down-regulating inflammatory cytokine levels.

[Objective] To observe the effect of TCM on bladder cough.[Method]Take the principles of removing pathogens to stop cough,reinforcing essential qi to nourish deficiency and considering both the superficial and inside,and divide 54 cases into 5 types:attacked externally with wind cold,with wind heat,with dryness,overheat of liver fire and both deficiency of lung and kidney,make treatment by differentiation of signs.[Result]38 cases were cured,6 had marked effect,6 were effective,4 had no effect,and the total effective rate was 92%.[Conclusion]TCM has obvious cure effect in treating bladder cough.

[Objective] To investigate the effects of Eucommia on renal interstitial fibrosis and its mechanism.[Methods]Using renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction(UUO).Adult female SD rats(n=32) were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham operation group (Sham); UUO group,Irbesartan group; Eucommia group.Undergo light microscopy by Masson and HE staining to observe the renal interstitial fibrosis index.To detect the expression of MMP-2 by immunohistochemistry 2w after surgery.[Results] 1.The levels of BUN and Scr in UUO group were significantly higher than in Sham group.Compared with UUO group,the levels of BUN and Scr in irbesartan and eucommia groups were significantly lower.There was no significant difference between irbesartan group and eucommia group.2.The renal tissue was stained with HE.There was no change in Sham group.But in UUO group,there was tubular epithelial cells denaturalization,renal tubular expand or atrophy,interstitial macrophage and monocyt infiltration,interstitial expand,and there was no glomeruli change.While the change in irbesartan and eucommia group was slighter than that in UUO group.There was no significant difference between irbesartan group and eucommia group.3.The renal tissue Masson staining showed that there was interstitial expands fibrous tissues proliferation and there was no glomeruli change in UUO group.Compared with UUO group,the level of pathological change in irbesartan and eucommia groups was significantly lower.There was no significant difference between irbesartan group and eucommia group.4.The expression and distribution of MMP-2 were strong in Sham group,while in other groups lower in renal interstitial.Compared with UUO group,the level in irbesartan and eucommia groups was significantly higher.There was no significant difference between irbesartan and eucommia groups.[Conclusion] Eucommia inhibits the renal interstitial fibrosis lesion up-regulating the MMP-2 expression and blocking renal fibrosis.

Objective To study the effects of exerci se on blood pressure (BP), blood lipoprotein (a) [Lip (a)] and microalbuminuria of type 2 diabetic nephrosis (DN). Methods Eighty p atients with type 2 DN were randomly and equally divided into a therapy group a nd a control group. The routine therapy scheme of type 2 DN was maintained in t he control group, while exercise was administered in the therapy group in addit ion to the routine therapy scheme. Both groups were observed for 8 weeks. Results Bp and the concentrations of Lip (a) and microa lbuminuria of patients in both groups were decreased ( P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of massotherapy in conjuction with domperidone on motilin and gastric emptying time of patients with diabetic gastroparesis(DGP). Methods One hundred cases of DGP were randomly and equally divided into a control group ( n =50) and a therapy group ( n =50). The control group was treated with domperidone. The therapy group was treated with massotherapy in addition to domperidone. Both groups were observed for 6 weeks. Results The total effective rate in the therapy group and control group was 92%and 78%, respectively ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of fluvastatin on the tubulointerstitium damage in progressive diabetic kidney disease. Methods A rat model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) was developed successfully by combination of dietary induced insulin resistance and low dose STZ induced hyperglycemia after unilateral nephrectomy. Female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control rats, type 2 diabetic rats and type 2 diabetic rats treated with fluvastatin (2mg/kg/d). After 6 weeks, blood glucose, serum insulin, serum triglyceride and cholesterol, serum creatinine, and urinary protein were measured respectively. The protein expressions of c Jun and tansforming growth factor (TGF) ? 1 were studied by immunohistochemistry. TGF ? 1 gene expression was studied with a RT PCR technique. Results Fluvastatin at lower doses, which did not influence blood glucose and blood lipid level, significantly inhibited expression of c Jun protein(0 2536?0 0180 vs 0 5855?0 0314, P