The "new engineering" concept requires that in addition to laying a solid professional foundation, engineering colleges and universities in China should also pay attention to improving the humanistic quality and developing a professional ethics education in training the engineering and technical talents. One important way is to carry out the engineering ethics education. By referring to the mature case-teaching ideas around the world and combining the practical experience accumulated in recent years, this paper focuses on the curriculum development and teaching reform of engineering ethics for students studying biological and medical engineering, from the perspectives of case selection and teaching method innovation. It also introduces some typical case studies, and summarizes the teaching effect analyzed from questionnaire.
Humans ; Curriculum ; Engineering/education* ; Students ; Ethics, Professional ; Biology/education*

The rapid developments of science and technology in China over recent decades, particularly in biomedical research, have brought forward serious challenges regarding ethical governance. Recently, Jian-kui HE, a Chinese scientist, claimed to have "created" the first gene-edited babies, designed to be naturally immune to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The news immediately triggered widespread criticism, denouncement, and debate over the scientific and ethical legitimacy of HE's genetic experiments. China's guidelines and regulations have banned germline genome editing on human embryos for clinical use because of scientific and ethical concerns, in accordance with the international consensus. HE's human experimentation has not only violated these Chinese regulations, but also breached other ethical and regulatory norms. These include questionable scientific value, unreasonable risk-benefit ratio, illegitimate ethics review, invalid informed consent, and regulatory misconduct. This series of ethical failings of HE and his team reveal the institutional failure of the current ethics governance system which largely depends on scientist's self-regulation. The incident highlights the need for urgent improvement of ethics governance at all levels, the enforcement of technical and ethical guidelines, and the establishment of laws relating to such bioethical issues.
CRISPR-Cas Systems ; China ; Consent Forms/ethics* ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Gene Editing/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Gene Knockout Techniques/ethics* ; HIV Infections/prevention & control* ; Human Experimentation/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Professional Misconduct/ethics* ; Receptors, CCR5/genetics*

PURPOSE: This study investigated medical students' attitudes toward academic misconduct that occurs in the learning environment during the pre-clinical and clinical periods. METHODS: Third-year medical students from seven medical schools were invited to participate in this study. A total of 337 of the 557 (60.5%) students completed an inventory assessing their attitudes toward academic misconduct. The inventory covered seven factors: scientific misconduct (eight items), irresponsibility in class (six items), disrespectful behavior in patient care (five items), dishonesty in clerkship tasks (four items), free riding on group assignments (four items), irresponsibility during clerkship (two items), and cheating on examinations (one item). RESULTS: Medical students showed a strict attitude toward academic misconduct such as cheating on examinations and disrespectful behavior in patient care, but they showed a less rigorous attitude toward dishonesty in clerkship tasks and irresponsibility in class. There was no difference in students' attitudes toward unprofessional behaviors by gender. The graduate medical school students showed a stricter attitude toward some factors of academic misconduct than the medical college students. This difference was significant for irresponsibility in class, disrespectful behavior in patient care, and free riding on group assignments. CONCLUSION: This study indicates a critical vulnerability in medical students' professionalism toward academic integrity and responsibility. Further study evidence is needed to confirm whether this professionalism lapse is confined only to this population or is pervasive in other medical schools as well.
Ethics ; Humans ; Learning ; Patient Care ; Professional Misconduct ; Professionalism ; Schools, Medical ; Scientific Misconduct ; Students, Medical

BACKGROUND: TV dramas can affect the identity of a person or group that the public perceives by presenting virtualized characters and events. The image of a doctor in the medical drama can influence the identity of a contemporary physician group. The authors analyze several medical dramas in Korea from the viewpoint of medical professionalism and try to contribute to the enlightment of the image of the doctor.METHODS: Among the medical dramas that have been broadcast since medical professions began to appear, 5 dramas were selected for analysis. The author reviewed them by four major areas of medical professionalism: contribution to society, compliance with the four principles of medical ethics, professional autonomy, and recognition from society and scored an upper-middle-lower grade.RESULTS: ‘Contribution to society’ and ‘recognition from society’ were well-founded in all dramas, except ‘Doctor Stranger’. In the case of ‘compliance with the four principles of medical ethics’, ‘Golden Time’ and ‘Romantic doctors Kim’ most frequently violated it. The ‘medical ethics principle’ was frequently infringed on ‘Doctor Strangers’, In the case of ‘Doctors’, the violation of the ethics principle was reduced as the conflict between the drama characters were emphasized. ‘Professional autonomy’ is best demonstrated by stubborn doctors appearing in ‘Golden Time’ and ‘Romantic Doctors Kim’.CONCLUSION: It is necessary to criticize the doctors image in the current drama from the view point of the medical professionalism and to continue to teach the drama writer about medical professionalism.
Compliance ; Drama ; Ethics ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Korea ; Professional Autonomy ; Professionalism

Aerospace Medicine ; Emergencies ; Equipment and Supplies ; Ethics, Medical ; First Aid ; Humans ; Physicians ; Professional Competence ; Travel

Professional ethics can often encompass areas regulated by law. This is true of the Korean Medical Association (KMA) code of ethics. Therefore, doctors should consider their legal obligations when complying with medical ethics guidelines. A revision prepared by the KMA committee on medical ethics guidelines contains 5 types of amendments. First, some guidelines deal with areas that are not governed by current legislation. A second set of guidelines clarify the obligation to comply with current legislation by specifying “to the extent permitted by the law”. A third set of guidelines repeat the contents of current legislation almost verbatim. A fourth set of guidelines explain the content of the current legislation in lay language when a chance of misunderstanding is present. Fifth, some guidelines can be interpreted as being in conflict with current legislation. The statement that physicians must consider the content of relevant laws does not mean that they must accept those laws uncritically. At a minimum, doctors should avoid falling into legal difficulties because of legal ignorance. Furthermore, doctors must make efforts to revise relevant laws that are not acceptable from the point of view of medical ethics. If doctors continue this effort, they can maintain their professional dignity. The revision of the medical ethics guidelines is the beginning of this effort. If doctors understand the relationship between medical ethics guidelines and current legislation, it will be easier for doctors to comply with medical ethics guidelines in the clinical setting.
Accidental Falls ; Codes of Ethics ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Jurisprudence*

This article provides an overview of medical ethics education for practicing doctors in Korea, focusing on its aims, objectives, content, pedagogical methods, educators, and key issues and challenges for future development. Education on medical ethics for practicing doctors in Korea started relatively recently on a small scale, based on the initiative of a few specialty boards. Currently, no formal aims and objectives for medical ethics education for practicing doctors have been proposed, and no formalized curricula have been developed by any specialty boards or by the Korean Medical Association. In the educational programs that currently exist, lectures are the predominant teaching method, and only a few educators who are doctors specializing in medical ethics deliver all those lectures. Thus, there are many issues and challenges in the Korean medical environment that must be thoroughly investigated and overcome. Nevertheless, medical ethics is an integral part of the medical profession and should be taught at all levels of training, including undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate.
Curriculum ; Education* ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Korea ; Lectures ; Specialty Boards ; Teaching

Professional ethics can often encompass areas regulated by law. This is true of the Korean Medical Association (KMA) code of ethics. Therefore, doctors should consider their legal obligations when complying with medical ethics guidelines. A revision prepared by the KMA committee on medical ethics guidelines contains 5 types of amendments. First, some guidelines deal with areas that are not governed by current legislation. A second set of guidelines clarify the obligation to comply with current legislation by specifying “to the extent permitted by the law”. A third set of guidelines repeat the contents of current legislation almost verbatim. A fourth set of guidelines explain the content of the current legislation in lay language when a chance of misunderstanding is present. Fifth, some guidelines can be interpreted as being in conflict with current legislation. The statement that physicians must consider the content of relevant laws does not mean that they must accept those laws uncritically. At a minimum, doctors should avoid falling into legal difficulties because of legal ignorance. Furthermore, doctors must make efforts to revise relevant laws that are not acceptable from the point of view of medical ethics. If doctors continue this effort, they can maintain their professional dignity. The revision of the medical ethics guidelines is the beginning of this effort. If doctors understand the relationship between medical ethics guidelines and current legislation, it will be easier for doctors to comply with medical ethics guidelines in the clinical setting.
Accidental Falls ; Codes of Ethics ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Jurisprudence*

This article provides an overview of medical ethics education for practicing doctors in Korea, focusing on its aims, objectives, content, pedagogical methods, educators, and key issues and challenges for future development. Education on medical ethics for practicing doctors in Korea started relatively recently on a small scale, based on the initiative of a few specialty boards. Currently, no formal aims and objectives for medical ethics education for practicing doctors have been proposed, and no formalized curricula have been developed by any specialty boards or by the Korean Medical Association. In the educational programs that currently exist, lectures are the predominant teaching method, and only a few educators who are doctors specializing in medical ethics deliver all those lectures. Thus, there are many issues and challenges in the Korean medical environment that must be thoroughly investigated and overcome. Nevertheless, medical ethics is an integral part of the medical profession and should be taught at all levels of training, including undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate.
Curriculum ; Education* ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Korea ; Lectures ; Specialty Boards ; Teaching

Recently, as the general public has taken a greater interest in healthful lifestyles, the mass media became the public's core informant on health and medical information. However, serious violations of the broadcasting review regulations have occurred in health and medical broadcasting programs. In fact, many problems stem from the lack of expertise and ethics of physicians. Therefore, a more thorough verification of health and medical information and the selection of the physicians to appear on broadcasting is needed. In 2015, the Korean Medical Association established the Guidelines on promotional mass media appearances by physicians in order to reduce these problems. This study aimed to identify the problems with the health and medical programs, including an analysis of review results and cases and to explore ways to address the problems. We found that cases of violation of the broadcasting review regulations were increasing and the violation level was becoming more serious. We also found that the articles of the Korea Communications Standards Regulation that have been most often violated are Article 42 (medical treatment, etc.) and 46 (advertising effect). The cases violating both of these two articles comprised 96.5% of the total of 85 cases in 2015; these are involved with the expertise and ethics of physicians. In light of this, it is especially worth noting some physicians so called 'show doctor (named by Korean Medical Association)' appear on mass media and recommend specific treatments or products for marketing purpose. In conclusion, physicians to appear on broadcasting shall provide objective and evidence-based medical information with professional ethics.
Ethics ; Ethics, Professional ; Korea ; Life Style ; Marketing ; Mass Media* ; Social Control, Formal